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  • 1
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    Application of Process Analytical Technology-Based Feedback Control for the Crystallization of Pharmaceuticals in Porous Media (2016)
    American Chemical Society (ACS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-07-21
    Description: Crystal Growth & Design DOI: 10.1021/acs.cgd.6b00303
    Print ISSN: 1528-7483
    Electronic ISSN: 1528-7505
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Published by American Chemical Society (ACS)
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  • 2
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    Materials, Vol. 11, Pages 2574: Fabrication of Silver Nanoparticles Using a Gas Phase Nanocluster Device and Preliminary Biological Uses (2018)
    MDPI
    In: Materials
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018
    Description: Nanoparticles can be used in a large variety of applications, including magnetic sensing, biological, superconductivity, tissue engineering, and other fields. In this study, we explore the fabrication of gas phase silver nanoparticles using a sputtering evaporation source. This setup composed of a dual magnetron cluster source holds several advantages over other techniques. The system has independent control over the cluster concentration and a wide range of cluster size and materials that can be used for the clusters and for the matrix where it can be embedded. Characterization of these silver nanoparticles was done using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). We obtain a lateral width of 10.6 nm with a dispersion of 0.24 nm. With atomic force microscopy (AFM) a Gaussian fit of this distribution yields and average height of 6.3 nm with a standard deviation of 1.4 nm. We confirm that the deposited silver nanoparticles have a homogenous area distribution, that they have a defined shape and size distribution, and that they are single standing nanoparticles. Given that the scientific literature is not precise regarding the toxic concentration of the nanoparticles, devices such as ours can help clarify these questions. In order to explore further biological applications, we have done preliminary experiments of cell spreading (myoblast adhesion), obtaining interesting morphological changes correlated with the silver concentration on the surface. With a deposited silver concentration ranging from 100–620 ng/cm2, the cells showed morphological changes in a short time of 2 h. We conclude that this high precision nanoparticle fabrication technique is adequate for further biological research.
    Electronic ISSN: 1996-1944
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Published by MDPI
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  • 3
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    Flexible phytoplankton functional type (FlexPFT) model: size-scaling of traits and optimal growth (2016)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-08-20
    Description: Recent studies have analysed valuable compilations of data for the size-scaling of phytoplankton traits, but these cannot be employed directly in most large-scale modelling studies, which typically do not explicitly resolve the relevant trait values. Although some recent large-scale modelling studies resolve species composition and sorting within communities, most do not account for the observed flexible response of phytoplankton communities, such as the dynamic acclimation often observed in laboratory experiments. In order to derive a simple yet flexible model of phytoplankton growth that can be useful for a wide variety of ocean modelling applications, we combine two trade-offs, one for growth and the other for nutrient uptake, under the optimality assumption, i.e. that intracellular resources are dynamically allocated to maximize growth rate. This yields an explicit equation for growth as a function of nutrient concentration and daily averaged irradiance. We furthermore show how with this model effective Monod parameter values depend on both the underlying trait values and environmental conditions. We apply this new model to two contrasting time-series observation sites, including idealized simulations of size diversity. The flexible model responds differently compared with an inflexible control, suggesting that acclimation by individual species could impact models of plankton diversity.
    Print ISSN: 0142-7873
    Electronic ISSN: 1464-3774
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 4
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    A Systematic Method for the Targeted Discovery of Chemical Attribution Signatures: Application to Isopropyl Bicyclophosphate Production (2012)
    American Chemical Society (ACS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-07-13
    Description: Analytical Chemistry DOI: 10.1021/ac300859j
    Print ISSN: 0003-2700
    Electronic ISSN: 1520-6882
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Published by American Chemical Society (ACS)
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  • 5
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    The chromatin remodeller ACF acts as a dimeric motor to space nucleosomes (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-12-25
    Description: Evenly spaced nucleosomes directly correlate with condensed chromatin and gene silencing. The ATP-dependent chromatin assembly factor (ACF) forms such structures in vitro and is required for silencing in vivo. ACF generates and maintains nucleosome spacing by constantly moving a nucleosome towards the longer flanking DNA faster than the shorter flanking DNA. How the enzyme rapidly moves back and forth between both sides of a nucleosome to accomplish bidirectional movement is unknown. Here we show that nucleosome movement depends cooperatively on two ACF molecules, indicating that ACF functions as a dimer of ATPases. Further, the nucleotide state determines whether the dimer closely engages one or both sides of the nucleosome. Three-dimensional reconstruction by single-particle electron microscopy of the ATPase-nucleosome complex in an activated ATP state reveals a dimer architecture in which the two ATPases face each other. Our results indicate a model in which the two ATPases work in a coordinated manner, taking turns to engage either side of a nucleosome, thereby allowing processive bidirectional movement. This novel dimeric motor mechanism differs from that of dimeric motors such as kinesin and dimeric helicases that processively translocate unidirectionally and reflects the unique challenges faced by motors that move nucleosomes.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2869534/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2869534/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Racki, Lisa R -- Yang, Janet G -- Naber, Nariman -- Partensky, Peretz D -- Acevedo, Ashley -- Purcell, Thomas J -- Cooke, Roger -- Cheng, Yifan -- Narlikar, Geeta J -- R01 GM073767/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM073767-01/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM073767-02/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM073767-03/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM073767-03S1/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM073767-04/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM073767-05/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2009 Dec 24;462(7276):1016-21. doi: 10.1038/nature08621.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, California 94158, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20033039" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenosine Triphosphatases/metabolism ; Adenosine Triphosphate/metabolism ; Animals ; Cell Line ; Chromatin Assembly and Disassembly/*physiology ; Dimerization ; Gene Silencing/physiology ; Histones/metabolism ; Humans ; Microscopy, Electron, Transmission ; *Models, Molecular ; Multiprotein Complexes/*metabolism ; Nucleosomes/chemistry/*metabolism ; Protein Binding ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; Transcription Factors/chemistry/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 6
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    Mutational and fitness landscapes of an RNA virus revealed through population sequencing (2013)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-11-29
    Description: RNA viruses exist as genetically diverse populations. It is thought that diversity and genetic structure of viral populations determine the rapid adaptation observed in RNA viruses and hence their pathogenesis. However, our understanding of the mechanisms underlying virus evolution has been limited by the inability to accurately describe the genetic structure of virus populations. Next-generation sequencing technologies generate data of sufficient depth to characterize virus populations, but are limited in their utility because most variants are present at very low frequencies and are thus indistinguishable from next-generation sequencing errors. Here we present an approach that reduces next-generation sequencing errors and allows the description of virus populations with unprecedented accuracy. Using this approach, we define the mutation rates of poliovirus and uncover the mutation landscape of the population. Furthermore, by monitoring changes in variant frequencies on serially passaged populations, we determined fitness values for thousands of mutations across the viral genome. Mapping of these fitness values onto three-dimensional structures of viral proteins offers a powerful approach for exploring structure-function relationships and potentially uncovering new functions. To our knowledge, our study provides the first single-nucleotide fitness landscape of an evolving RNA virus and establishes a general experimental platform for studying the genetic changes underlying the evolution of virus populations.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4111796/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4111796/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Acevedo, Ashley -- Brodsky, Leonid -- Andino, Raul -- AI091575/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- AI36178/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- AI40085/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- P01 AI091575/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI036178/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI040085/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2014 Jan 30;505(7485):686-90. doi: 10.1038/nature12861. Epub 2013 Nov 27.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, California 94122-2280, USA. ; Tauber Bioinformatics Research Center and Department of Evolutionary & Environmental Biology, University of Haifa, Mount Carmel, Haifa 31905, Israel.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24284629" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: DNA Mutational Analysis/*methods/standards ; Evolution, Molecular ; Genetic Fitness/*genetics ; HeLa Cells ; Humans ; Models, Molecular ; Mutation/*genetics ; Mutation Rate ; Poliovirus/chemistry/*genetics/growth & development ; Quality Control ; Structure-Activity Relationship
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 7
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    Fractal analysis of persistence in fluctuation of levels of the Magdalena River (2018)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-10-26
    Description: The measures of water level in a river contributes to understand the dynamic of the discharge in a specific point of the catchment. With this kind of information, it is possible to predict and study future flooding events. The official entity CORMAGDALENA with support of IDEAM report every two days the water level along the Magdalena River. The Hurst coefficient H generates a new statistic methodology, which is based on the tendencies of data series, determining the persistence a dataset and consequently its fractality. This research applies this methodology to a dataset of time, registered by CORMAGDALENA in the municipality of Barrancabermeja, in the Department of Santander. The time has been taken between September 29 th of 2011 and March 31 st of 2017. According to the value of H we can say if the series of behaviours taken has persistence in the case that H is greater than 0.5, if H is less than 0.5 we will say that the series is anti-persistent. With th...
    Print ISSN: 1757-8981
    Electronic ISSN: 1757-899X
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Published by Institute of Physics (IOP)
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  • 8
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    Musclin is an exercise factor [Physiology] (2015)
    National Academy of Sciences
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    Publication Date: 2015-12-30
    Description: Exercise remains the most effective way to promote physical and metabolic wellbeing, but molecular mechanisms underlying exercise tolerance and its plasticity are only partially understood. In this study we identify musclin—a peptide with high homology to natriuretic peptides (NP)—as an exercise-responsive myokine that acts to enhance exercise capacity in mice....
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
    Published by National Academy of Sciences
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  • 9
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    Local temperature and ecological similarity drive distributional dynamics of tropical mammals worldwide (2019)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019
    Description: Abstract Aim Identifying the underlying drivers of species’ distributional dynamics is critical for predicting change and managing biological diversity. While anthropogenic factors such as climate change can affect species distributions through time, other naturally occurring ecological processes can also have an influence. Theory predicts that interactions between species can influence distributional dynamics, yet empirical evidence remains sparse. A powerful approach is to monitor and model local colonization and extinction—the processes that generate change in distributions over time—and to identify their abiotic and biotic associations. Intensive camera‐trap monitoring provides an opportunity to assess the role of temperature and species interactions in the colonization and extinction dynamics of tropical mammals, many of which are species of conservation concern. Using data from a pan‐tropical monitoring network, we examined how short‐term local temperature change and ecological similarity between species (a proxy for the strength of species interactions) influenced the processes that drive distributional shifts. Location Tropical forests worldwide. Time period 2007–2016. Major taxa studied Terrestrial mammals. Methods We used dynamic occupancy models to assess the influence of the abiotic and biotic environment on the distributional dynamics of 42 mammal populations from 36 species on 7 tropical elevation gradients around the world. Results Overall, temperature, ecological similarity, or both, were linked to colonization or extinction dynamics in 29 populations. For six species, the effect of temperature depended upon the local mammal community similarity. This result suggests that the way in which temperature influences local colonization and extinction dynamics depends on local mammal community composition. Main conclusions These results indicate that varying temperatures influence tropical mammal distributions in surprising ways and suggest that interactions between species mediate distributional dynamics.
    Print ISSN: 1466-822X
    Electronic ISSN: 1466-8238
    Topics: Biology , Geography
    Published by Wiley
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  • 10
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    Algebraic classification of the gravitational field (2005)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-03-01
    Print ISSN: 0001-7701
    Electronic ISSN: 1572-9532
    Topics: Physics
    Published by Springer
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