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  • 21
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    Population history: Human melting pots in Southeast Asia (2014)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-08-22
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Diamond, Jared -- England -- Nature. 2014 Aug 21;512(7514):262-3. doi: 10.1038/512262a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Geography, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095-1524, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25143110" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Emigration and Immigration ; *Gene Flow ; Humans ; *Language
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 22
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    Sociology: political evolution (2010)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2010-10-15
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Diamond, Jared -- England -- Nature. 2010 Oct 14;467(7317):798-9. doi: 10.1038/467798a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20944737" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Asia, Southeastern ; Geography ; Language ; Linguistics/methods ; Models, Theoretical ; New Zealand ; Pacific Islands ; Pacific Ocean ; *Phylogeny ; *Political Systems ; Taiwan
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 23
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    Medicine: diabetes in India (2011)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-01-29
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Diamond, Jared -- England -- Nature. 2011 Jan 27;469(7331):478-9. doi: 10.1038/469478a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21270882" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/*epidemiology/genetics ; Humans ; India/epidemiology ; Motor Activity ; Prevalence
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 24
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    Dengue structure differs at host temperatures [Biophysics and Computational Biology] (2013)
    National Academy of Sciences
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-04-24
    Description: We report on a conformational transition of dengue virus when changing the temperature from that present in its mosquito vectors to that of its human host. Using cryoelectron microscopy, we show that although the virus has a smooth surface, a diameter of ∼500 Å, and little exposed membrane at room...
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
    Published by National Academy of Sciences
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  • 25
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    Regenerating axons reclaim sensory targets from collateral nerve sprouts (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-11-20
    Description: There is a critical period for the sprouting of intact low-threshold mechanosensory cutaneous nerves in rats; functional invasion of adjacent denervated skin does not occur in animals older than about 20 days of age, and it is largely confined to denervated skin within the "domain" of the parent dermatome. These nerves can regenerate readily in the adult, however, and such regenerating nerves do not respect domain borders; moreover, they functionally displace endings of intact nerves that earlier had sprouted into denervated skin.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jackson, P C -- Diamond, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Nov 20;214(4523):926-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7302568" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aging ; Animals ; Axons/*physiology ; Mechanoreceptors/*physiology ; *Nerve Regeneration ; Nociceptors/physiology ; Rats ; Skin/growth & development/*innervation
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 26
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    Archaeology: Sources of Chaco wood (2015)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-12-25
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Diamond, Jared -- England -- Nature. 2016 Jan 7;529(7584):31-3. doi: 10.1038/nature16864. Epub 2015 Dec 23.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Geography, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095-1524, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26700808" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 27
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    Influence of ENSO, ENSO Modoki, and the IPO on tropical cyclogenesis: a spatial analysis of the southwest Pacific region (2017)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-12
    Description: ABSTRACT Tropical cyclones (TCs) pose a significant risk to the nations and territories of the southwest Pacific (SWP). The spatio-temporal variability of TCs makes it challenging to forecast where and when a TC is likely to develop. Therefore, the aim of this study is to better understand the link between large-scale climatic variability, the environmental conditions required for tropical cyclogenesis (TC genesis), and the spatial variability of TC activity. Three modes of climate variability are investigated: (1) El Niño/Southern Oscillation (ENSO), (2) ENSO Modoki, and (3) the Interdecadal Pacific Oscillation (IPO); along with TC genesis parameters: sea surface temperature; 700 hPa relative humidity; 700 hPa vorticity; and vertical wind shear (difference between 200 hPa and 850 hPa winds). Our findings reaffirm the well-established northeast/southwest modulation of TC activity according to El Niño (EN)/La Niña (LN) using an extended TC dataset (1945–2011). In addition, new insights into how ENSO Modoki and the IPO modulate TC activity according to phase and season are identified. Importantly, we show that depending on phase, the IPO can enhance or alter the spatial modulation of TC genesis during ENSO/ENSO Modoki events, in favour of the northeast/southwest modulations typical of IPO positive/negative events. This is particularly the case during the latter half of the SWP TC season. For example, EN events that occur within IPO positive (negative) epochs result in a shift of TC activity up to 1087 km (1288 km) further east (west) during February to April, compared to the typical location of TC activity during EN events. Importantly, these statistical relationships are also associated with anomalously favourable genesis parameters, providing some insights into the physical mechanisms behind the modulations. The findings of this study provide baseline metrics with which to compare climate model simulations and may also facilitate improved seasonal outlooks and better quantification of TC-related risks for the vulnerable island nations and territories of the SWP.
    Print ISSN: 0899-8418
    Electronic ISSN: 1097-0088
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Wiley
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  • 28
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    Stability, delivery and functions of human sperm RNAs at fertilization (2013)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-04-14
    Description: Increasing attention has focused on the significance of RNA in sperm, in light of its contribution to the birth and long-term health of a child, role in sperm function and diagnostic potential. As the composition of sperm RNA is in flux, assigning specific roles to individual RNAs presents a significant challenge. For the first time RNA-seq was used to characterize the population of coding and non-coding transcripts in human sperm. Examining RNA representation as a function of multiple methods of library preparation revealed unique features indicative of very specific and stage-dependent maturation and regulation of sperm RNA, illuminating their various transitional roles. Correlation of sperm transcript abundance with epigenetic marks suggested roles for these elements in the pre- and post-fertilization genome. Several classes of non-coding RNAs including lncRNAs, CARs, pri-miRNAs, novel elements and mRNAs have been identified which, based on factors including relative abundance, integrity in sperm, available knockout data of embryonic effect and presence or absence in the unfertilized human oocyte, are likely to be essential male factors critical to early post-fertilization development. The diverse and unique attributes of sperm transcripts that were revealed provides the first detailed analysis of the biology and anticipated clinical significance of spermatozoal RNAs.
    Print ISSN: 0305-1048
    Electronic ISSN: 1362-4962
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 29
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    An ex-tropical cyclone climatology for Auckland, New Zealand (2013)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-08-15
    Description: ABSTRACT Auckland, New Zealand, is influenced by ex-tropical cyclones (ETCs); however, there is no established climatology for these weather systems at present. In this study, we present a climatology of ETCs for Auckland and investigate whether their spatio-temporal traits are influenced by large-scale climate modes such as the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the Southern Annular Mode (SAM). We utilize the South Pacific Enhanced Archive for Tropical Cyclone research (SPEArTC) to establish a climatology that covers the high-quality TC data period from 1970 to 2010. ETCs have entered a region within 550 km of Auckland city regardless of ENSO or SAM phase, and on average one event per year occurs. Peak ETC season for Auckland is during March, preceded by an increase in activity during February, with a wide-range of meteorological impacts. Regional circulation patterns, including reduced blocking in the southwest Pacific and synoptic type presence, allow ETCs into the Auckland sector of the southwest Pacific while guiding them either to the east or west of the city.
    Print ISSN: 0899-8418
    Electronic ISSN: 1097-0088
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Wiley
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  • 30
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    Towards a global land surface climate fiducial reference measurements network (2018)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-03-09
    Description: There is overwhelming evidence that the climate system has warmed since the instigation of instrumental meteorological observations. The Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change concluded that the evidence for warming was unequivocal. However, owing to imperfect measurements and ubiquitous changes in measurement networks and techniques, there remain uncertainties in many of the details of these historical changes. These uncertainties do not call into question the trend or overall magnitude of the changes in the global climate system. Rather, they act to make the picture less clear than it could be, particularly at the local scale where many decisions regarding adaptation choices will be required, both now and in the future. A set of high-quality long-term fiducial reference measurements of essential climate variables will enable future generations to make rigorous assessments of future climate change and variability, providing society with the best possible information to support future decisions. Here we propose that by implementing and maintaining a suitably stable and metrologically well-characterized global land surface climate fiducial reference measurements network, the present-day scientific community can bequeath to future generations a better set of observations. This will aid future adaptation decisions and help us to monitor and quantify the effectiveness of internationally agreed mitigation steps. This article provides the background, rationale, metrological principles, and practical considerations regarding what would be involved in such a network, and outlines the benefits which may accrue. The challenge, of course, is how to convert such a vision to a long-term sustainable capability providing the necessary well-characterized measurement series to the benefit of global science and future generations. Instigating and maintaining a reference network for climate would aid future generations in understanding climate change. Such measurements require strict adherence to metrological best practices and sustained support. This article explores what would be required to make such a network work. Figure is the schematic of the instrumentation at a typical USCRN station in the CONUS. The triplicate configuration of temperature sensors is repeated in the three precipitation gauge weighing mechanisms and in the three sets of soil probes located around each tower.
    Print ISSN: 0899-8418
    Electronic ISSN: 1097-0088
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Wiley
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