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  • Articles  (42)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    THE RADIATION CHEMISTRY OF SOME OF THE HIGHER ALIPHATIC ALCOHOLS—FURTHER STUDIES ON RADICALS TRAPPED AT LOW TEMPERATURES1 (1963)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    The @journal of physical chemistry 〈Washington, DC〉 67 (1963), S. 831-835 
    Details
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/j100798a027
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Vacuum Ultraviolet Photochemistry. V. Photolysis of Isobutane (1962)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of the American Chemical Society 84 (1962), S. 4004-4007 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5126
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja00880a005
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Vacuum Ultraviolet Photochemistry. VIII. Propylene (1965)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    The @journal of physical chemistry 〈Washington, DC〉 69 (1965), S. 538-542 
    Details
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/j100886a030
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Diagnostic and therapeutic applications of azulenyl nitrone spin traps (1999)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 56 (1999), S. 626-633 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Key words. Azulenyl nitrones; azulenes; nitrones AZN; PBN; S-PBN; free radicals; spin traps; antioxidants; neuroprotection; oxidative stress; assay; amyotrophic lateral sclerosis; FALS; superoxide dismutase; transgenic mice; stroke; ischemia/reperfusion; Parkinson’s disease; MPTP; axotomy; neurodegeneration.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Azulenyl nitrones have been recently demonstrated to constitute a new class of nitrone-based spin traps with the unprecedented capacity to tag free radicals by yielding characteristically colored and highly visible diamagnetic (and paramagnetic) spin adducts. In addition, a comparison of the oxidation potentials of azulenyl nitrones such as 1 and congeners to those of conventional nitrone spin traps previously investigated as potential antioxidant therapeutics such as N-tert-butyl-α-phenylnitrone and its related ortho-sodium sulfonate reveals that the azulene-derived spin traps are far more readily oxidized. These special features render azulenyl nitrones of interest with regard to both their distinct ability to engender the convenient use of colorimetric detection to monitor free radical-mediated oxidative stress in biological systems, and to their potentially enhanced efficacy as neuroprotective antioxidants vs. those conventional nitrone spin traps earlier examined as such. Herein is reported an overview of recent developments pertaining to the use of azulenyl nitrones in the detection of oxidative stress in animal models of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and stroke, and to their neuroprotective activity in animal models of Parkinson’s disease, stroke and neurodegeneration within the retina.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s000180050457
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Certification of bilirubin SRM 916a (1990)
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 338 (1990), S. 426-429 
    Details
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The process used to certify Standard Reference Material (SRM) 916a Bilirubin is described. The certification involved the use of various analytical techniques to detect or quantitate impurities, as well as to characterize the SRM itself. Bilirubin (BR) is believed to exist, in human serum, as the IXα isomer. Samples prepared commercially, including this SRM, also contain the IIIα and XIIIα isomers which are believed to be formed during purification. For the SRM, the three isomers were measured by HPLC and TLC. 1H NMR was used to detect and quantitate chloroform in the BR. Biliverdine and mesobilirubin were not detected. Impurities insoluble in chloroform, the residue from the ashing of BR, and volatiles were measured, in addition to non-acidic impurities and impurities more acidic than BR. The absorptivity of BR in chloroform was measured. A pink fluorescent impurity was detected and measured by TLC. From these analyses, a best estimate of the total amount of impurities was determined, and the BR was issued as SRM 916a with a certified purity of 98.3±0.3%.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00322509
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The role of reactor characterization in NAA quality assurance (1987)
    Springer
    Journal of radioanalytical and nuclear chemistry 110 (1987), S. 393-401 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2780
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract As a result of the NBSR upgrade to 20 MW, an extensive program of recharacterization of the irradiation facilities was undertaken. These measurements were made to (1) evaluate the neutron flux density and its variability over the irradiation volume, and (2) help establish safe irradiation conditions for samples in the NBSR. Techniques used to measure the following parameters are described: thermal neutron flux density; flux variations within an irradiation volume and between irradiations; relative fast neutron flux density; maximum temperatures generated by different sample matrices in various irradiation facilities; and pressures generated in sealed containers by radiolytic decomposition.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02035531
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The use of high accuracy NAA for the certification of NIST botanical standard reference materials (1992)
    Springer
    Journal of radioanalytical and nuclear chemistry 160 (1992), S. 41-53 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2780
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract Neutron activation analysis is one of many analytical techniques used at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) for the certification of NIST Standard Reference Materials (SRMs). NAA competes favorably with all other techniques because of it's unique capabilities for high accuracy even at very low concentrations for many elements. In this paper, instrumental and radiochemical NAA results are described for 25 elements in two new NIST SRMs, SRM 1515 (Apple Leaves) and SRM 1547 (Peach Leaves), and are compared to the certified values for 19 elements in these two new botanical reference materials.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02041656
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Results of the ASTM Nuclear Methods intercomparison on NIST apple and peack leaves standard reference materials (1993)
    Springer
    Journal of radioanalytical and nuclear chemistry 168 (1993), S. 169-183 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2780
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract The ASTM Task Group on Nuclear Methods of Chemical Analysis (E10.05.12) has conducted a trace element intercomparison among some of its members over the past two years. Eight non-NIST laboratories submitted data using nuclear techniques, with a total of 111 values for the apple leaves and 116 values for the peach leaves, on 46 and 50 elements, respectively. This intercomparison provided a unique opportunity for the analytical laboratories, because the analytical values submitted could be later compared to the NIST certified values. For the seven elements which were certified by NIST and had three or more intercomparison values, the results showed that: 1) 61% of all 56 intercomparison values submitted had results whose stated uncertainty overlapped the uncertainty limits of the NIST certified values, and 2) less than 6% of the intercomparison values had means which fell outside ±20% of the NIST values. In general, the intercomparison values submitted showed excellent agreement with the NIST values. However, many reported uncertainties accompanying intercomparison values appeared overly optimistic.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02040890
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Use of INAA, PGAA, and RNAA to determine 30 elements for certification of an SRM: Tomato Leaves, 157a (1994)
    Springer
    Journal of radioanalytical and nuclear chemistry 179 (1994), S. 149-154 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2780
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract Analyses for certification have been made for the determination of 30 elements in the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Tomato Leaves renewal reference material, SRM 1573a. Three of the analytical techniques used were instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA), radiochemical neutron activation analysis (RNAA), and prompt gamma activation analysis (PGAA). These techniques provided data on 19 elements by INAA, 10 elements by PGAA, and 7 elements by RNAA, with some overlap between techniques. For example, INAA was able to obtain overall analytical uncerainties (at the 95% confidence level) averaging ±2.2% for major and minor constituents (Ca, Mg, K), ±3.3% for constituents from 1 to 1000 μg/g (Na, Fe, Al, Mn, Ba, Zn, Rb, La, Cr), and ±6.4% for elements between 10 and 1000 ng/g (Co, V, Se, Th, Sc, Sb), using sample dry weights of approximately 150 mg. These analyses represent the most extensive use to date of nuclear analytical techniques in the certification of a trace element SRM at NIST.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02037935
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The NIST rapid irradiation and counting system (1997)
    Springer
    Journal of radioanalytical and nuclear chemistry 215 (1997), S. 47-50 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2780
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract Apparatus is being developed for short irradiation and rapid counting at the NIST Reactor, optimized for accurate neutron activation analysis via activation products ranging in half-life from about 500 ms to 500 s. This facility is designed to irradiate a sample either in a well-thermalized neutron flux at 3·1013 n·cm−2·s−1, or in a higher flux with a larger fast and epithermal component. The design transfer time for a 1-ml rabbit is 500 ms, measured to 10 ms precision. Timing information for both irradiation and counting will be transferred automatically to the activation analysis workstation computer. The γ-ray spectrometer system is selected and tuned for accurate measurement at high and varying counting rates, using loss-free counting (LFC) technology. A detailed calibration and characterization of this system has been performed. Accurate measurement requires that attention be paid to the systematic and random errors to which LFC is subject, but this requirement is minor compared to the advantages of undistorted spectral shape, the ability to solve the decay equations exactly, and the wider useful range of counting rates in the spectrometer system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02109876
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