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  • Artikel  (384)
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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    EMPA measurements of magnetic microstructure in ultrathin films (invited) (abstract) : 35th annual conference on magnetism and magnetic materials (1991)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 69 (1991), S. 6096-6096 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: Very little is currently known about domains and domain walls in ultrathin ferromagnetic films, i.e., films that are a few atomic layers to a few tens of layers thick. A major experimental difficulty is that these films must be grown and examined in situ with strict control over their atomic structure and elemental composition. Recently, scanning electron microscopy with polarization analysis (SEMPA) has been used to image domains in Fe1and Co2 films that were only a few monolayers thick. The structure and composition of the films were monitored during growth using RHEED (reflection high energy electron diffraction) and Auger electron spectroscopy. The magnetic structure of these films was then investigated in situ using SEMPA. SEMPA directly images the magnetization by measuring the spin polarization of secondary electrons emitted in the scanning electron microscope. This combination of surface sensitive techniques allows one to study the domain structure, anisotropy and magnetization of the films as a function of various growth parameters, such as, thickness, substrate roughness, and temperature.〈ks〉
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.347778
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Tunable x-ray polarimeters for synchrotron radiation sources (1991)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 62 (1991), S. 2540-2544 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik , Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik
    Notizen: We describe the design and optical characteristics of a tunable x-ray polarimeter set up at the National Synchrotron Light Source at Brookhaven. Initially, the energy range from 7.0 to 9.2 keV is covered with a polarization extinction ratio greater than 10 000 and a statistically limited sensitivity of 70 μrad in measurements of optical rotary power. First spectroscopic measurements on a wide range of cobalt compounds show optical activity, Faraday rotation, and circular dichroism in the energy region close to the cobalt K edge. More recently we have worked on a variety of samples containing iron near the iron K edge.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1142523
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Adaptive silicon monochromators for high power insertion devices: Tests at CHESS, ESRF, and HASYLAB (abstract) : Proceedings of the 5th international conference on synchrotron radiation instrumentation (1995)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 66 (1995), S. 2190-2190 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik , Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik
    Notizen: X-ray wigglers which produce tens of kilowatts of photon power within the white beam will soon become available as third-generation sources of synchrotron radiation. Insertion devices that produce several kilowatts already exist and we have used those at CHESS, ESRF, and HASYLAB to test and develop an adaptive 111 silicon water jet-cooled monochromator at up to 2 kW total incident beam power. This development of earlier work at the Brookhaven National Synchrotron Light Source uses the pressure in the water coolant to provide active compensation of the strain field in the thermal footprint, nulling its effect to within residual variations in the Bragg angle of only a few seconds of arc. The design is robust, vacuum compatible, and uses no moving mechanical parts. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1145702
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Line-broadening analysis of synchrotron x-ray diffraction data (1987)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 61 (1987), S. 2813-2816 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: The advantages of using monochromatic and parallel synchrotron x rays for the microstructure analysis of polycrystalline materials have been studied. Analysis of line broadening from Pd powers showed encouraging results. Warren–Averbach analysis [J. Appl. Phys. 21, 595 (1950)] with respect to the three major crystal axes [111], [100], and [110] was done using 1-A(ring) x rays. Crystallite sizes and microstrains relative to the [111] direction were obtained using three different reflection pairs (111)-(222), (111)-(333), and (111)-(444). The fixed symmetrical instrument profile shape has major advantages in the correction of instrumental broadening and the determination of a low level (10−4 range) of stacking-fault probabilities.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.337872
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Double-tilt wide-aperture two-crystal monochromator for x-ray absorption spectroscopy (abstract) : INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SYNCHROTRON RADIATION INSTRUMENTATION TSUKABA (JAPAN) 29 AUG−2 SEPT 1988 (1989)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 60 (1989), S. 2129-2129 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik , Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik
    Notizen: A water-cooled double-crystal monochromator for x-ray absorption spectroscopy is described. It has a wide aperture (3 mrad) and is attached to a linear slide through a twin axis goniometer to a large Huber rotary table for accurate alignment of the crystal planes to the incident beam. The center of rotation of the goniometers has been chosen as the geometric center at the surface of the first crystal. The linear slide adjusts the monochromator vertically so that the axis of rotation intercepts the synchrotron radiation. The two goniometers provide the monochromator with a transverse and longitudinal tilt with respect to the x-ray beam. Water cooling is incorporated in the first crystal to dissipate the expected heat loading of 120 W from the SRS wiggler. The second crystal is supported by three Inchworms which control the yaw and tilt. Then adjustments are required to optimize spectral purity across the beam alignment and harmonic rejection, respectively, with respect to the first crystal. The performance of the monochromator is discussed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1140849
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Pressure Bottle for Laboratory Use (1922)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Industrial & engineering chemistry 14 (1922), S. 623-623 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5045
    Quelle: ACS Legacy Archives
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ie50151a014
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Comparative growth of cultured blue mussels, Mytilus edulis, M. trossulus and their hybrids, in naturally occurring mixed-species stocks (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Aquaculture research 33 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2109
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: In Atlantic Canada, both Mytilus edulis and M. trossulus occur naturally in sympatric populations and readily hybridize forming genotypically complex assemblages that vary widely in relative species composition throughout the region. We monitored growth in single year-class cohorts of rope-cultured Mytilus spp. during a 14-month period from sleeving of seed to harvest at three commercial mussel farms in Notre Dame Bay, Newfoundland, Canada. Electrophoretic variation at the mannose phosphate isomerase (Mpi) enzyme locus was used to categorize the two species (M. edulis and M. trossulus) and their hybrids. Seed populations varied significantly among sites in relative proportions of each species and hybrids. Growth in shell length, wet weight and shell weight varied significantly with Mpi genotype at all three farm sites. Growth in flesh weight varied significantly with Mpi genotype at two of the three sites. Growth rates for all weight variables were consistently significantly greater in M. edulis than in sympatric M. trossulus. Growth in shell length was significantly different between sympatric M. edulis and M. trossulus at only one farm site. Growth rates of hybrids were typically intermediate between sympatric M. edulis and M. trossulus, but were often statistically similar to one or other of M. edulis or M. trossulus. We conclude that the production of rope-cultured blue mussels in Atlantic Canada is significantly influenced by genotype-dependent growth variation in naturally occurring mixed-species stocks. Our results also suggest that farm site production may be increased and intrasite variability reduced at farm sites currently using indigenous mixed-species stocks by substitution and growout of transplanted seed from unispecific M. edulis stocks.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2109.2002.00706.x
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    AN EXPERIMENTAL DRY CAUSTIC PEELER FOR CLING PEACHES AND OTHER FRUITS (1970)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 35 (1970), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: SUMMARY– An experimental cling peach peeler was developed for continuous removal of alkaline peel as a solid rather than the dilute slurry of common industrial practice. The peeler consists of rows of soft rubber disks rotated in such a manner that peel material is gently wiped from the surface of fruit and flung into collectors. Cling peach halves were successfully peeled in a number of tests, with peeling losses comparable to those normally obtained commercially. Both mature and immature Bartlett pears were also successfully peeled. Dewaxing of immature pears with isopropy1 alcohol was necessary to obtain adequate peeling. In single tests, whole apricots and freestone peaches were also successfully peeled.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1970.tb02007.x
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Measurement of strain and lattice parameter in epitaxic layers (1975)
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Applied crystallography online 8 (1975), S. 42-44 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5767
    Quelle: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Thema: Geologie und Paläontologie , Physik
    Notizen: A means of measuring strain and lattice parameter directly in epitaxic layers by `double-crystal' X-ray diffraction is presented. The method described has three major advantages; that it is achieved by a simple addition to a commercial goniometer; that the area of sample illuminated is defined solely by the collimator; and that single or double-crystal diffraction can be selected, simultaneously if needed, on exactly the same specimen area.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0021889875009491
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A fast high-accuracy lattice-parameter comparator (1990)
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Applied crystallography online 23 (1990), S. 63-69 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5767
    Quelle: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Thema: Geologie und Paläontologie , Physik
    Notizen: A method of measuring differences in lattice spacing with an accuracy of 1 part in 108 in a period as short as two minutes is described. The method uses one source of copper radiation and a triple-axis arrangement. Two of these axes are double-leaf silicon springs in monolithic crystal assemblies which achieve the high stability required by such measurements. Samples are easily changed and sequences of measurements are performed entirely under computer control. The method is demonstrated by a comparison of the lattice spacings of four samples which reveals differences of up to 60 parts in 108 between silicon crystals of different origins.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0021889889011623
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