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  • 1
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    Nongenomic transmission across generations of maternal behavior and stress responses in the rat (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-11-05
    Description: In the rat, variations in maternal care appear to influence the development of behavioral and endocrine responses to stress in the offspring. The results of cross-fostering studies reported here provide evidence for (i) a causal relationship between maternal behavior and stress reactivity in the offspring and (ii) the transmission of such individual differences in maternal behavior from one generation of females to the next. Moreover, an environmental manipulation imposed during early development that alters maternal behavior can then affect the pattern of transmission in subsequent generations. Taken together, these findings indicate that variations in maternal care can serve as the basis for a nongenomic behavioral transmission of individual differences in stress reactivity across generations.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Francis, D -- Diorio, J -- Liu, D -- Meaney, M J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Nov 5;286(5442):1155-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Developmental Neuroendocrinology Laboratory, Douglas Hospital Research Centre, Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, H4H 1R3, Canada.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10550053" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amygdala/metabolism ; Animals ; Brain/*metabolism ; Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone/*genetics/metabolism ; Female ; Gene Expression ; Handling (Psychology) ; Hippocampus/metabolism ; Male ; *Maternal Behavior ; Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus/metabolism ; Rats ; Receptors, GABA-A/*genetics/metabolism ; Receptors, Glucocorticoid/*genetics/metabolism ; Stress, Physiological/genetics/*metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    Maternal care, hippocampal glucocorticoid receptors, and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal responses to stress (1997)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1997-09-12
    Description: Variations in maternal care affect the development of individual differences in neuroendocrine responses to stress in rats. As adults, the offspring of mothers that exhibited more licking and grooming of pups during the first 10 days of life showed reduced plasma adrenocorticotropic hormone and corticosterone responses to acute stress, increased hippocampal glucocorticoid receptor messenger RNA expression, enhanced glucocorticoid feedback sensitivity, and decreased levels of hypothalamic corticotropin-releasing hormone messenger RNA. Each measure was significantly correlated with the frequency of maternal licking and grooming (all r's 〉 -0.6). These findings suggest that maternal behavior serves to "program" hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal responses to stress in the offspring.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Liu, D -- Diorio, J -- Tannenbaum, B -- Caldji, C -- Francis, D -- Freedman, A -- Sharma, S -- Pearson, D -- Plotsky, P M -- Meaney, M J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1997 Sep 12;277(5332):1659-62.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Developmental Neuroendocrinology Laboratory, Douglas Hospital Research Center, McGill University, Montreal, Canada H4H 1R3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9287218" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adrenocorticotropic Hormone/blood ; Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Corticosterone/blood/pharmacology ; Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone/genetics ; Feedback ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Grooming ; Handling (Psychology) ; Hippocampus/*physiology ; Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System/*physiology ; *Maternal Behavior ; Pituitary-Adrenal System/*physiology ; RNA, Messenger/genetics/metabolism ; Rats ; Receptors, Glucocorticoid/genetics/*metabolism ; Stress, Physiological/*physiopathology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 3
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    Hippocampal cell death (1996)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1996-05-31
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Landfield, P W -- McEwan, B S -- Sapolsky, R M -- Meaney, M J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1996 May 31;272(5266):1249-51.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8650531" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Aging ; Animals ; Cell Count ; Cell Death ; Hippocampus/*cytology ; Humans ; Memory Disorders/etiology ; Neurons/*cytology ; Rats
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 4
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    Effect of neonatal handling on age-related impairments associated with the hippocampus (1988)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988-02-12
    Description: In rats, an environmental manipulation occurring early in life resulted in changes in the adrenocortical axis that persisted throughout the entire life of the animals and attenuated certain deficits associated with aging. Rats handled during infancy had a permanent increase in concentrations of receptors for glucocorticoids in the hippocampus, a critical region in the negative-feedback inhibition of adrenocortical activity. Increased receptor concentrations led to greater hippocampal sensitivity to glucocorticoids and enhanced negative-feedback efficacy in the handled rats. Thus, at all ages tested, rats that were not handled secreted more glucocorticoids in response to stress than did handled rats. At later ages, nonhandled rats also showed elevated basal glucocorticoid levels, with the result that there was a greater cumulative exposure to glucocorticoids in nonhandled rats. Increased exposure to adrenal glucocorticoids can accelerate hippocampal neuron loss and cognitive impairments in aging. Hippocampal cell loss and pronounced spatial memory deficits emerged with age in the nonhandled rats, but were almost absent in the handled rats. Previous work showed that glucocorticoid hypersecretion, hippocampal neuron death, and cognitive impairments form a complex degenerative cascade of aging in the rat. The present study shows that a subtle manipulation early in life can retard the emergence of this cascade.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Meaney, M J -- Aitken, D H -- van Berkel, C -- Bhatnagar, S -- Sapolsky, R M -- AG-06633/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 Feb 12;239(4841 Pt 1):766-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3340858" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aging ; Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Dexamethasone/metabolism ; *Handling (Psychology) ; Hippocampus/*growth & development/physiology/physiopathology ; Learning ; Memory ; Rats ; Receptors, Glucocorticoid/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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