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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 32 (1994), S. 1657-1664 
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: photofunctionalization ; photocrosslinking ; synthetic membranes ; permselectivity ; pervaporation ; surface properties ; tetrazole ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A new type of membrane polymer, containing a photosensitive moiety, was synthesized. The photochemically induced functionalization and crosslinking of poly [acrylonitrile-co-butadiene-co-styrene-co-2-(4-ethenyl) phenyl-5-phenyl-2H-tetrazole], ABSV, has been studied. A variety of dipolarophiles and phenolic compounds were applied to alter the polarity of the membrane surface. The functionalization and crosslinking were initiated by photoirradiation. DSC and contact angle measurements were used to characterize the modified polymer. Pervaporation experiments with a cyclohexane/benzene mixture (5 wt% benzene) were carried out, with the results showing, that the photochemical treatment significantly effects both permselectivity and flux. Solubility parameters were found to be useful to interpret the pervaporation data. In general, the selectivity towards benzene increases with the polarity of the membrane surface, i.e., with increasing polarity of the modifier. A mechanism to explain the influence of both functionalization and crosslinking on the membrane performance, is proposed. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 58 (1995), S. 1567-1576 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The hydrophilicity of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) was lowered by acetalization with propionic aldehyde. After UV irradiation of pendent styrylpyridinium groups, these prepolymers form networks of different hydrophobicity depending on the degree of acetaization. PVA films containing different amounts of propionic acetals were doped with 4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl. Then, the ESR spectra of the spin probe entrapped in the polymeric network were monitored while allowing different solvents to diffuse into the polymer. The rate of spin probe mobilization depends on the hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity of both the polymer network and the solvent. However, the modified polymers, even the more hydrophobic ones, are hydrophilic in comparison to “really” hydrophobic polymers. This is probably caused by the character of the parent polymer (PVA), unreacted hydroxy groups. S++uiations of the ESR spectra have shown that in polymers with a higher degree of acetalization domains of different hydrophobicity are built in which the spin probes have a different mobility. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Heterogeneous surface modification of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) ultrafiltration (UF) membranes is realized with UV irradiation-initiated graft polymerization of acrylic acid (AA) from the gas phase onto photoinitiator (benzophenone, BP)-coated samples. In the absence of monomer, PAN functionalization by ketyl radicals dominates after UV excitation of sorbed BP. With AA, graft and total polymer yield increase with BP loading and UV irradiation time. Average molecular weight and distribution of PAA homopolymer - formed in parallel during graft polymerization - are analyzed with gel permeation chromatography. Morphology of PAN-gr-AA UF membranes is checked with scanning electron micrographs (SEMs) and atomic force microscopy. Chemical changes are characterized with FTIR-ATR spectroscopy and SEM/EDX analyses, indicating a pronounced surface selctivity of the graft polymer modification (localized in the upper 5-μm membrane thickness). The amount of grafted PAA systematically reduces membrane permeability and increases dextrane retention, as verified in UF experiments. Photo graft polymer modificationof UF membranes will be applied to adjust membrane performance by controlling surface hydrophilicity and permeability using other monomers and/or further graft polymer functionalization. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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