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  • Polymer and Materials Science  (16)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis and binding properties of a noncovalent molecularly imprinted testosterone-specific polymer (1998)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 36 (1998), S. 1725-1732 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: crosslinked polymer ; template polymerization ; noncovalent molecular imprinting ; testosterone ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: In this study, molecular imprinting was used to develop a method based on noncovalent interactions for synthesis of a testosterone-specific polymer. The effect of the different template-monomer ratios, the particle sizes of polymers, and chromatographic mobile phases on steroid-polymer interactions are discussed. The polymer obtained was found to interact specifically with testosterone, while other steroids under study were eluted close to the void volume in the HPLC experiments. Batch rebinding studies in acetonitrile were undertaken to quantitatively evaluate the affinity of the polymer for testosterone. During this experiment, the testosterone concentration was measured in two ways: spectrophotometrically and by HPLC on a column with testosterone-specific imprinted polymer synthesized by us. Both methods resulted in similar values of association constants and the number of binding sites. However, the second method has obvious advantages when the analyzed solution contains a mixture of optically dense compounds. The results obtained focus on the two-point binding nature of the imprinted polymer-testosterone interaction and the significant role of hydrogen bonds between the OH group of testosterone and carboxy group of methacrylic acid residues inside specific recognition sites of the imprinted polymer. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci A: Polym Chem 36: 1725-1732, 1998
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amperometric determination of free fatty acids by utilizing five sequential enzyme reactions (1989)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Electroanalysis 1 (1989), S. 69-74 
    Details
    ISSN: 1040-0397
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: An enyme electrode for determination of free fatty acids was constructed. Five sequential enzyme reactions are involved in this biosensor. Acyl-CoA synthetase (EC 6.2.1.3) was used as a specific enzyme for free fatty acids, and produced AMP. AMP was then hydrolyzed with four other sequential enzyme reactions involving oxygen consumption. The oxygen consumed was measured by an oxygen electrode. Using this sensor, a good linearity was obtained between current decrease and free fatty acid concentration below 15 mM. The minimum concentration for the determination was 1.77 mM. The assay procedure was completed within 5 min.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/elan.1140010111
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fabrication of a microbial carbon dioxide sensor using semiconductor fabrication techniques (1989)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Electroanalysis 1 (1989), S. 305-309 
    Details
    ISSN: 1040-0397
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A disposable bacterial CO2 sensor has been fabricated using semiconductor techniques by immobilizing autotrophic bacteria on the sensitive area of a miniature Clark-type oxygen electrode and covering them with another gas-permeable membrane consisting of a negative photoresist formed directly on the gel. The response time of the CO2 sensor was 2 to 3 minutes. A linear relationship for the NaHCO3 concentration was obtained between 0.5 and 3.5 mM at 30°C and pH 5.5. The CO2 sensor can be used up to 10 times.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/elan.1140010404
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An enzyme-containing ink for screen-printed glucose sensors (1995)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Electroanalysis 7 (1995), S. 1027-1031 
    Details
    ISSN: 1040-0397
    Keywords: Sensor ; Ferrocenecarboxylic acid ; Glucose oxidase ; Screen printing ; Squeegee ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A glucose sensor employing ferrocene-bound glucose oxidase was fabricated by the screen printing technique. In order to obtain high GOD activity, glucose oxidase (GOD) was modified with ferrocenecarboxylic acid (fc) as an electron mediator. Simultaneous spectroscopic and electrochemical analyses showed that ferrocene-bound GOD (fc-GOD) displayed an increase in catalytic current. The ferrocene acts as an electron transfer relay between the active center of the enzyme and the gold electrode. The screen printing process was used to print successfully the unique fc-GOD containing ink onto the gold electrode patterned on the glass plate. The fc-GOD containing ink was specially developed to be suitable for the printing apparatus. The printed glucose sensor was shown to offer a stable calibration profile and stable electrochemical properties.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/elan.1140071106
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Preparation and performance of poly(vinyl butyral) membrane for ultrafiltration (1993)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 48 (1993), S. 67-73 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Ultrafiltration membrane was prepared from poly(vinyl butyral). The effects of membrane thickness, polymer concentration, evaporation time, and evaporation temperature, etc., on the performance of the resulting membranes have been studied. Dimethylacetamide was used as a casting solvent. The membrane formed by casting the polymer from a 15 wt % solution and evaporation at 25°C for 30 s had a flux value of 250 cm3 / cm2 h (4.8 kg/cm2, 26°C) at 92.9% rejection level for dextran sodium sulfate (average mol. wt. 550,000) separation. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1993.070480107
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Biocompatible needle-type glucose sensor with potential for use in vivo (1993)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Electroanalysis 5 (1993), S. 269-276 
    Details
    ISSN: 1040-0397
    Keywords: [(MPC-co-BMA)-CA] ; MPC ; BMA ; Cellulose acetate ; Biocompatibility ; Diffusion-limiting effect ; Glucose sensor ; Needle type ; Glucose oxidase ; PVA-SbQ ; Nafion ; Serum ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A biocompatible material with diffusion-limiting properties [(MPC-co-BMA)-CA] was prepared by mixing the copolymer of 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine and n-butyl methacrylate (MPC-co-BMA) with cellulose acetate (CA). Investigation of the biocompatibility showed that, compared with CA, relatively few platelets bound to it and no morphological change was observed. This material was dipcoated as the outermost layer onto the working electrode of a needle-type glucose sensor. The sensor showed a rapid response (〈120 seconds in batch operation), good reproducibility (RSD 〈 5%), good stability (more than 36 hours in control serum continuously), and a very wide dynamic range (0-1000 mg/dl glucose). It was used to determine glucose in serum. The data obtained from the sensor showed good agreement (R 〉 0.95) with that from a clinical autoanalyzer.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/elan.1140050402
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Integrated amino acid sensors for detection of L-glutamate, L-lysine, L-arginine, and L-histidine (1994)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Electroanalysis 6 (1994), S. 299-304 
    Details
    ISSN: 1040-0397
    Keywords: Biosensors ; Amino acids ; Microfabrication ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Using microfabricated Clark oxygen electrodes, we integrated amperometric amino acid sensors to detect L-glutamate, L-lysine, L-arginine, and L-histidine. The oxygen electrodes consists of an anisotropically etched rectangular groove with a silver cathode and a Ag/AgCl anode, a Fluorinated Ethylene-Propylene (FEP) gas-permeable membrane, and a 0.1 M KCl electrolyte gel inserted after fabrication. Enzymes were immobilized on the gas-permeable membrane. L-glutamate was measured using L-glutamate oxidase. To detect L-lysine, L-arginine, and L-histidine, decarboxylases and autotrophic bacteria were used. The response times of the sensors ranged from 30 seconds to 10 minutes and a fairly linear relationship was observed between the output current of each sensor and the substrate concentration. We operated the sensors in the same buffer solution.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/elan.1140060406
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nafion-coated carbon fiber for acetylcholine and choline sensors (1993)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Electroanalysis 5 (1993), S. 17-22 
    Details
    ISSN: 1040-0397
    Keywords: Choline ; Microelectrode ; Biosensor ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A major improvement in the selectivity of carbon fiber microelectrodes for acetylcholine (Ach) and choline (Ch) as cationic amines is described. The electrodes are coated with Nafion, a perfluorosulfonated polymer. This coating is practically impermeable to ascorbic acid (AA) and anionic biogenic amine metabolites. Nafion-coated fiber was characterized by cyclic voltammetry (CV). Selectivity and the dynamic range of these coated electrodes were evaluated using amperometric determination at a fixed potential of 1.2 V. The esterase activity was determined using choline sensor, and the relative slope values showed a fast response between 1 and 3 minutes. Calibration plots for Ach and choline showed a linearity range between 0.1 and 3 mM, with an increase of two orders of magnitude better than the previously used PVA-SbQ membrane. No response was obtained between 0.1 and 0.3 mM of AA conc. The procedure, in preparing this type of coated electrodes, indicates some attractive perspectives for its use, especially for in vivo monitoring.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/elan.1140050105
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reactor type sensor for cyanide using an immobilized microorganism (1996)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Electroanalysis 8 (1996), S. 1117-1120 
    Details
    ISSN: 1040-0397
    Keywords: Reactor type biosensor ; Cyanide ; Microbial sensor ; Immobilized bacteria ; On-line monitoring ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A reactor type biosensor using an immobilized bacteria (Pseudomonas fluorescens NCIMB 11764) columm and an oxygen electrode was developed for cyanide. The optimum conditions for the sensor in a flow system (pH 9, 25°C, flow rate 2.5 mg/min) resulted in a response time of less than 5min. A linear relationship was observed between the current decrease and the cyanide concentration over the range of 0.05-1 mg/L. Operating at 25 °C, the sensor was stable up to 30 days. Alginate gel as the immobilized matrix was more suitable than other matrices (agars, polyurethane, porous glass beads, zeolite, chitopearl). Satisfactory results were obtained when the sensor was applied to determine the concentration of cyanide in the river water.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/elan.1140081208
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Micromachined electrochemical flow cell for biosensing (1994)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Electroanalysis 6 (1994), S. 735-739 
    Details
    ISSN: 1040-0397
    Keywords: Micromachining ; Biosensor ; Flow cell ; Miniaturization ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A miniaturized electrochemical flow cell was fabricated on a silicon substrate using micromachining techniques, including photolithography, vacuum deposition, anisotropic etching, and fusion bonding. The flow cell consisted of a glass plate with gold elearodes, a silicon chip with a V-shaped groove, and immobilized glucose oxidase. Hydrogen peroxide and glucose were measured by direct-batch injection and by using the device in flow-injection analysis (FIA) system.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/elan.1140060904
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