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  • NUCLEAR AND HIGH-ENERGY PHYSICS  (20)
  • Spacecraft Design, Testing and Performance  (4)
  • 1
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    Production of H-3 at large momentum in alpha-(C-12) collisions at 2A GeV (1992)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Description: Calculations of the longitudinal and transverse momentum distributions for H-3 production at large momentum in alpha-(C-12) collisions near 2A GeV are compared to experiment. Triton exchange and final-state interactions are shown to represent large corrections to the impulse approximation for proton knockout. A method for calculating interference effects for inelastic fragmentation is discussed. Good agreement with experiment using a phenomenological overlap function for (H-3)-p is found successful in describing H-3 production in pion-induced reactions. Comparisons to momentum distributions obtained through (p, 2p) and (e, ep) reactions on He-4 are made.
    Keywords: NUCLEAR AND HIGH-ENERGY PHYSICS
    Type: Physics Letters B (ISSN 0370-2693); 282; 1-2; p. 1-6.
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  • 2
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    Inclusive inelastic scattering of heavy ions in the independent particle model (1992)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Description: We consider the inclusive inelastic scattering of heavy ions using the Glauber (1959) model and the independent particle approximation. Inclusive inelastic distributions for projectile excitation of the target and total inelastic scattering, where all projectile and target excited states are summed, are discussed using closure. The total inelastic distribution, when integrated, is shown to be equivalent to the absorption cross section, found from applying the optical theorem to the elastic scattering amplitude in the coherent approximation. Calculations are presented for several heavy-ion pairs, using realistic nuclear densities in a large mass number approximation.
    Keywords: NUCLEAR AND HIGH-ENERGY PHYSICS
    Type: Journal of Physics G - Nuclear Physics (ISSN 0305-4616); p. 889-901.
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  • 3
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    Nuclear reaction effects in use of newly recommended quality factor (1991)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Description: The biological risk for energetic ion exposure cannot be reliably estimated exclusive of the target nuclear reaction products produced within the local tissue. A theoretical basis is derived for evaluating target fragment contributions that are evaluated for the newly proposed quality factor.
    Keywords: NUCLEAR AND HIGH-ENERGY PHYSICS
    Type: Health Physics (ISSN 0017-9078); 61; 415-419
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  • 4
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    Multiple-scattering effects in quasielastic alpha-He-4 scattering (1992)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Description: A multiple-scattering series for describing the quasielastic peak in nucleus-nucleus collisions is derived using the high-energy optical model. The effects of multiple knockout of target nucleons and internal excitation of the projectile are studied and found to be important for large energy loss and momentum transfers in inclusive alpha-He-4 scattering at 7 GeV/c. An approximate evaluation of higher-order inelastic collision terms is considered for forward-peaked wave functions and is demonstrated to be accurate.
    Keywords: NUCLEAR AND HIGH-ENERGY PHYSICS
    Type: Physical Review C - Nuclear Physics, 3rd Series (ISSN 0556-2813); 46; 4; p. 1451-1456.
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  • 5
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    Nucleon interaction data bases for background estimates (1989)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: Nucleon interaction data bases available in the open literature are examined for potential use in a recently developed nucleon transport code. Particular attention is given to secondary particle penetration and the multiple charged ion products. A brief description of the transport algorithm is given.
    Keywords: NUCLEAR AND HIGH-ENERGY PHYSICS
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  • 6
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    Evaluation of highly ionizing components in high-energy nucleon radiation fields (1989)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: The data and models for nuclear fragment recoil distribution produced by high-energy nuclear events in tissue are reviewed. Results for linear energy transfer distributions in soft tissue are derived, and a simple model is developed for use in radiation studies and risk estimates.
    Keywords: NUCLEAR AND HIGH-ENERGY PHYSICS
    Type: Health Physics (ISSN 0017-9078); 57; 717-724
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  • 7
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    High energy nucleon data bases (1988)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: The buildup of 200 MeV secondary protons in an Al shield according to the Bertini (1976) cross sections and Ranft (1980) cross sections is studied. The number of transmitted secondary photons is presented as a function of shield thickness for two different cross section sets. It is found that the Bertini code does not emphasize high LET components.
    Keywords: NUCLEAR AND HIGH-ENERGY PHYSICS
    Type: Health Physics (ISSN 0017-9078); 55; 817-819
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  • 8
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    Evaluation of Spacecraft Shielding Effectiveness for Radiation Protection (1999)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: The potential for serious health risks from solar particle events (SPE) and galactic cosmic rays (GCR) is a critical issue in the NASA strategic plan for the Human Exploration and Development of Space (HEDS). The excess cost to protect against the GCR and SPE due to current uncertainties in radiation transmission properties and cancer biology could be exceedingly large based on the excess launch costs to shield against uncertainties. The development of advanced shielding concepts is an important risk mitigation area with the potential to significantly reduce risk below conventional mission designs. A key issue in spacecraft material selection is the understanding of nuclear reactions on the transmission properties of materials. High-energy nuclear particles undergo nuclear reactions in passing through materials and tissue altering their composition and producing new radiation types. Spacecraft and planetary habitat designers can utilize radiation transport codes to identify optimal materials for lowering exposures and to optimize spacecraft design to reduce astronaut exposures. To reach these objectives will require providing design engineers with accurate data bases and computationally efficient software for describing the transmission properties of space radiation in materials. Our program will reduce the uncertainty in the transmission properties of space radiation by improving the theoretical description of nuclear reactions and radiation transport, and provide accurate physical descriptions of the track structure of microscopic energy deposition.
    Keywords: Spacecraft Design, Testing and Performance
    Type: NASA Microgravity Materials Science Conference; 133-138; NASA/CP-1999-209092
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  • 9
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    Inclusive inelastic scattering of heavy ions and nuclear correlations (1990)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Calculations of inclusive inelastic scattering distributions for heavy ion collisions are considered within the high energy optical model. Using ground state sum rules, the inclusive projectile and complete projectile-target inelastic angular distributions are treated in both independent particle and correlated nuclear models. Comparisons between the models introduced are made for alpha particles colliding with He-4, C-12, and O-16 targets and protons colliding with O-16. Results indicate that correlations contribute significantly, at small momentum transfers, to the inelastic sum. Correlation effects are hidden, however, when total scattering distributions are considered because of the dominance of elastic scattering at small momentum transfers.
    Keywords: NUCLEAR AND HIGH-ENERGY PHYSICS
    Type: NASA-TP-3026 , L-16793 , NAS 1.60:3026
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  • 10
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    Quasi-elastic nuclear scattering at high energies (1992)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The quasi-elastic scattering of two nuclei is considered in the high-energy optical model. Energy loss and momentum transfer spectra for projectile ions are evaluated in terms of an inelastic multiple-scattering series corresponding to multiple knockout of target nucleons. The leading-order correction to the coherent projectile approximation is evaluated. Calculations are compared with experiments.
    Keywords: NUCLEAR AND HIGH-ENERGY PHYSICS
    Type: NASA-TM-4362 , L-17036 , NAS 1.15:4362
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