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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2008-09-02
    Description: Deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs) remove ubiquitin from conjugated substrates to regulate various cellular processes. The Zn(2+)-dependent DUBs AMSH and AMSH-LP regulate receptor trafficking by specifically cleaving Lys 63-linked polyubiquitin chains from internalized receptors. Here we report the crystal structures of the human AMSH-LP DUB domain alone and in complex with a Lys 63-linked di-ubiquitin at 1.2 A and 1.6 A resolutions, respectively. The AMSH-LP DUB domain consists of a Zn(2+)-coordinating catalytic core and two characteristic insertions, Ins-1 and Ins-2. The distal ubiquitin interacts with Ins-1 and the core, whereas the proximal ubiquitin interacts with Ins-2 and the core. The core and Ins-1 form a catalytic groove that accommodates the Lys 63 side chain of the proximal ubiquitin and the isopeptide-linked carboxy-terminal tail of the distal ubiquitin. This is the first reported structure of a DUB in complex with an isopeptide-linked ubiquitin chain, which reveals the mechanism for Lys 63-linkage-specific deubiquitination by AMSH family members.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sato, Yusuke -- Yoshikawa, Azusa -- Yamagata, Atsushi -- Mimura, Hisatoshi -- Yamashita, Masami -- Ookata, Kayoko -- Nureki, Osamu -- Iwai, Kazuhiro -- Komada, Masayuki -- Fukai, Shuya -- England -- Nature. 2008 Sep 18;455(7211):358-62. doi: 10.1038/nature07254. Epub 2008 Aug 31.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Structural Biology Laboratory, Life Science Division, Synchrotron Radiation Research Organization and Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0032, Japan.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18758443" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Catalysis ; Conserved Sequence ; Crystallography, X-Ray ; Endopeptidases/chemistry/metabolism ; Endosomal Sorting Complexes Required for Transport ; Humans ; Kinetics ; Lysine/*metabolism ; Mice ; Models, Molecular ; Polyubiquitin/*chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins/chemistry/metabolism ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; Substrate Specificity ; Ubiquitin Thiolesterase/*chemistry/genetics/*metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2009-08-13
    Description: Influenza A viruses cause recurrent outbreaks at local or global scale with potentially severe consequences for human health and the global economy. Recently, a new strain of influenza A virus was detected that causes disease in and transmits among humans, probably owing to little or no pre-existing immunity to the new strain. On 11 June 2009 the World Health Organization declared that the infections caused by the new strain had reached pandemic proportion. Characterized as an influenza A virus of the H1N1 subtype, the genomic segments of the new strain were most closely related to swine viruses. Most human infections with swine-origin H1N1 influenza viruses (S-OIVs) seem to be mild; however, a substantial number of hospitalized individuals do not have underlying health issues, attesting to the pathogenic potential of S-OIVs. To achieve a better assessment of the risk posed by the new virus, we characterized one of the first US S-OIV isolates, A/California/04/09 (H1N1; hereafter referred to as CA04), as well as several other S-OIV isolates, in vitro and in vivo. In mice and ferrets, CA04 and other S-OIV isolates tested replicate more efficiently than a currently circulating human H1N1 virus. In addition, CA04 replicates efficiently in non-human primates, causes more severe pathological lesions in the lungs of infected mice, ferrets and non-human primates than a currently circulating human H1N1 virus, and transmits among ferrets. In specific-pathogen-free miniature pigs, CA04 replicates without clinical symptoms. The assessment of human sera from different age groups suggests that infection with human H1N1 viruses antigenically closely related to viruses circulating in 1918 confers neutralizing antibody activity to CA04. Finally, we show that CA04 is sensitive to approved and experimental antiviral drugs, suggesting that these compounds could function as a first line of defence against the recently declared S-OIV pandemic.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2748827/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2748827/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Itoh, Yasushi -- Shinya, Kyoko -- Kiso, Maki -- Watanabe, Tokiko -- Sakoda, Yoshihiro -- Hatta, Masato -- Muramoto, Yukiko -- Tamura, Daisuke -- Sakai-Tagawa, Yuko -- Noda, Takeshi -- Sakabe, Saori -- Imai, Masaki -- Hatta, Yasuko -- Watanabe, Shinji -- Li, Chengjun -- Yamada, Shinya -- Fujii, Ken -- Murakami, Shin -- Imai, Hirotaka -- Kakugawa, Satoshi -- Ito, Mutsumi -- Takano, Ryo -- Iwatsuki-Horimoto, Kiyoko -- Shimojima, Masayuki -- Horimoto, Taisuke -- Goto, Hideo -- Takahashi, Kei -- Makino, Akiko -- Ishigaki, Hirohito -- Nakayama, Misako -- Okamatsu, Masatoshi -- Takahashi, Kazuo -- Warshauer, David -- Shult, Peter A -- Saito, Reiko -- Suzuki, Hiroshi -- Furuta, Yousuke -- Yamashita, Makoto -- Mitamura, Keiko -- Nakano, Kunio -- Nakamura, Morio -- Brockman-Schneider, Rebecca -- Mitamura, Hiroshi -- Yamazaki, Masahiko -- Sugaya, Norio -- Suresh, M -- Ozawa, Makoto -- Neumann, Gabriele -- Gern, James -- Kida, Hiroshi -- Ogasawara, Kazumasa -- Kawaoka, Yoshihiro -- HHNSN266200700010C/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- HHSN266200700010C/PHS HHS/ -- HHSN272200800060C/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI069274/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI069274-04/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- U19 AI070503/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2009 Aug 20;460(7258):1021-5. doi: 10.1038/nature08260.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Pathology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Ohtsu, Shiga 520-2192, Japan.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19672242" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antibodies, Viral/immunology ; Antiviral Agents/pharmacology ; Cell Line ; Dogs ; Female ; Ferrets/virology ; HN Protein/metabolism ; Humans ; Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype/drug effects/enzymology/pathogenicity/*physiology ; Lung/immunology/pathology/virology ; Macaca fascicularis/immunology/virology ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Neutralization Tests ; Orthomyxoviridae Infections/immunology/transmission/virology ; Primate Diseases/pathology/virology ; Swine/*virology ; Swine Diseases/pathology/virology ; Swine, Miniature/virology ; Virus Replication
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2012-01-27
    Description: Two defining functional features of ion channels are ion selectivity and channel gating. Ion selectivity is generally considered an immutable property of the open channel structure, whereas gating involves transitions between open and closed channel states, typically without changes in ion selectivity. In store-operated Ca(2+) release-activated Ca(2+) (CRAC) channels, the molecular mechanism of channel gating by the CRAC channel activator, stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1), remains unknown. CRAC channels are distinguished by a very high Ca(2+) selectivity and are instrumental in generating sustained intracellular calcium concentration elevations that are necessary for gene expression and effector function in many eukaryotic cells. Here we probe the central features of the STIM1 gating mechanism in the human CRAC channel protein, ORAI1, and identify V102, a residue located in the extracellular region of the pore, as a candidate for the channel gate. Mutations at V102 produce constitutively active CRAC channels that are open even in the absence of STIM1. Unexpectedly, although STIM1-free V102 mutant channels are not Ca(2+)-selective, their Ca(2+) selectivity is dose-dependently boosted by interactions with STIM1. Similar enhancement of Ca(2+) selectivity is also seen in wild-type ORAI1 channels by increasing the number of STIM1 activation domains that are directly tethered to ORAI1 channels, or by increasing the relative expression of full-length STIM1. Thus, exquisite Ca(2+) selectivity is not an intrinsic property of CRAC channels but rather a tuneable feature that is bestowed on otherwise non-selective ORAI1 channels by STIM1. Our results demonstrate that STIM1-mediated gating of CRAC channels occurs through an unusual mechanism in which permeation and gating are closely coupled.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3276717/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3276717/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉McNally, Beth A -- Somasundaram, Agila -- Yamashita, Megumi -- Prakriya, Murali -- NS057499/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R01 NS057499/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R01 NS057499-05/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2012 Jan 25;482(7384):241-5. doi: 10.1038/nature10752.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Biological Chemistry, Northwestern University School of Medicine, 303 E Chicago Avenue, Ward 8-296, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22278058" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Calcium Channels/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; HEK293 Cells ; Humans ; *Ion Channel Gating ; Membrane Proteins/chemistry/deficiency/genetics/*metabolism ; Models, Molecular ; Mutation/genetics ; Neoplasm Proteins/chemistry/deficiency/genetics/*metabolism ; Structure-Activity Relationship
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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