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  • 1
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    Correlation between spin transport signal and Heusler/semiconductor interface quality in lateral spin-valve devices (2018)
    American Physical Society (APS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-09-18
    Description: Author(s): B. Kuerbanjiang, Y. Fujita, M. Yamada, S. Yamada, A. M. Sanchez, P. J. Hasnip, A. Ghasemi, D. Kepaptsoglou, G. Bell, K. Sawano, K. Hamaya, and V. K. Lazarov We show direct evidence for the impact of Heusler/semiconductor interfaces atomic structure on the spin transport signals in semiconductor-based lateral spin-valve (LSV) devices. Based on atomic scale Z-contrast scanning transmission electron microscopy and energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy we sh... [Phys. Rev. B 98, 115304] Published Mon Sep 17, 2018
    Keywords: Semiconductors II: surfaces, interfaces, microstructures, and related topics
    Print ISSN: 1098-0121
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-3795
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Physical Society (APS)
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  • 2
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    The genome folding mechanism in yeast (2013)
    Oxford University Press
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    Publication Date: 2013-07-24
    Description: The structure of the nucleosome has been solved at atomic resolution, and the genome-wide nucleosome positions have been clarified for the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae . However, the genome-wide three-dimensional arrangement of nucleosomal arrays in the nucleus remains unclear. Several studies simulated overall interphase chromosome architectures by introducing the putative persistence length of the controversial 30-nm chromatin fibres into the modelling and using data-fitting approaches. However, the genome-folding mechanism still could not be linked with the chromosome shapes, to identify which structures or properties of chromatin fibres or DNA sequences determine the overall interphase chromosome architectures. Here we demonstrate that the paths of nucleosomal arrays and the chromatin architectures themselves are determined principally by the physical properties of genomic DNA and the nucleus size in yeast. We clarified the flexibilities and persistence lengths of all linker DNAs of the organism, deduced their spatial expanses and simulated the architectures of all 16 interphase chromosomes in the nucleus, at a resolution of beads-on-a-string chromatin fibre. For the average spatial distance between two given loci in a chromosome, the model predictions agreed well with all experimental data reported to date. These findings suggest a general mechanism underlying the folding of eukaryotic genomes into interphase chromosomes.
    Print ISSN: 0021-924X
    Electronic ISSN: 1756-2651
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Japanese Biochemical Society (JBS).
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  • 3
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    Magnetic properties and interfacial characteristics of all-epitaxial Heusler-compound stacking structures (2016)
    American Physical Society (APS)
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    Publication Date: 2016-09-28
    Description: Author(s): S. Yamada, S. Honda, J. Hirayama, M. Kawano, K. Santo, K. Tanikawa, T. Kanashima, H. Itoh, and K. Hamaya We study magnetic properties and interfacial characteristics of all-epitaxial D 0 3 − Fe 3 Si / L 2 1 - Fe 3 − x Mn x Si / L 2 1 − Co 2 FeSi Heusler-compound trilayers grown on Ge(111) by room-temperature molecular beam epitaxy. We find that the magnetization reversal processes can be intentionally designed by changing the … [Phys. Rev. B 94, 094435] Published Tue Sep 27, 2016
    Keywords: Magnetism
    Print ISSN: 1098-0121
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-3795
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Physical Society (APS)
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  • 4
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    Temperature-independent spin relaxation in heavily doped n-type germanium (2016)
    American Physical Society (APS)
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    Publication Date: 2016-12-06
    Description: Author(s): Y. Fujita, M. Yamada, S. Yamada, T. Kanashima, K. Sawano, and K. Hamaya We experimentally study the spin relaxation mechanism in heavily doped n -type germanium (Ge) layers by electrically detecting pure spin current transport. The spin diffusion length ( λ Ge ) in heavily doped n -type Ge layers at 125 K is less than 0.7 μ m , much shorter than that expected in the recent stud… [Phys. Rev. B 94, 245302] Published Mon Dec 05, 2016
    Keywords: Semiconductors II: surfaces, interfaces, microstructures, and related topics
    Print ISSN: 1098-0121
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-3795
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Physical Society (APS)
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  • 5
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    Spin transport in p-Ge through a vertically stacked Ge/Fe3Si junction (2016)
    American Institute of Physics (AIP)
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    Publication Date: 2016-07-15
    Description: We experimentally show spin transport up to 125 K in a ∼40-nm-thick p -Ge(111) layer, epitaxially grown on a ferromagnetic Fe 3 Si. From the magnitude of the spin signals, the spin diffusion length of the p -Ge(111) layer at 10 K can be estimated to be approximately 50 nm. To understand the detectable spin transport in the p -Ge(111), we should consider the energy splitting between heavy-hole and light-hole bands at the L point.
    Print ISSN: 0003-6951
    Electronic ISSN: 1077-3118
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Institute of Physics (AIP)
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  • 6
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    Multi-events earthquake early warning algorithm using a Bayesian approach (2014)
    Oxford University Press
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    Publication Date: 2014-12-13
    Description: Current earthquake early warning (EEW) systems lack the ability to appropriately handle multiple concurrent earthquakes, which led to many false alarms during the 2011 Tohoku earthquake sequence in Japan. This paper uses a Bayesian probabilistic approach to handle multiple concurrent events for EEW. We implement the theory using a two-step algorithm. First, an efficient approximate Bayesian model class selection scheme is used to estimate the number of concurrent events. Then, the Rao-Blackwellized Importance Sampling method with a sequential proposal probability density function is used to estimate the earthquake parameters, that is hypocentre location, origin time, magnitude and local seismic intensity. A real data example based on 2 months data (2011 March 9–April 30) around the time of the 2011 M 9 Tohoku earthquake is studied to verify the proposed algorithm. Our algorithm results in over 90 per cent reduction in the number of incorrect warnings compared to the existing EEW system operating in Japan.
    Keywords: Seismology
    Print ISSN: 0956-540X
    Electronic ISSN: 1365-246X
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Deutsche Geophysikalische Gesellschaft (DGG) and the Royal Astronomical Society (RAS).
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  • 7
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    Thermal reactive ion etching technique involving use of self-heated cathode (2015)
    American Institute of Physics (AIP)
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    Publication Date: 2015-04-10
    Description: In this work, the thermal reactive ion etching (TRIE) technique for etching hard-to-etch materials is presented. The TRIE technique employs a self-heated cathode and a thermally insulated aluminum plate is placed on the cathode of a regular reactive ion etching (RIE) system. By optimizing the beam size to support the sample stage, the temperature of the stage can be increased to a desired temperature without a cathode heater. The technique was used to etch a bulk titanium plate. An etch rate of 0.6 μ m/min and an etch selectivity to nickel of 100 were achieved with SF 6 plasma. The proposed technique makes a regular RIE system a more powerful etcher without the use of chlorine gas, a cathode heater, and an inductively coupled plasma source.
    Print ISSN: 0034-6748
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-7623
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
    Published by American Institute of Physics (AIP)
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  • 8
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    Note: Consecutive capture of images of ions and electrons using high-voltage vacuum relay (2016)
    American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-03-30
    Description: For the first time, images of both ions and electrons appearing on a fluorescent screen attached to a micro-channel plate (MCP) [S. Nakata et al. , “Applicability of micro-channel plate followed by phosphor screen to charged particles,” Rev. Sci. Instrum. (submitted)] were captured in one attempt. The profile of electrostatic potential applied externally to the MCP with the fluorescent screen was quickly changed using a high-voltage vacuum relay. This method allows consecutive images of ions and electrons to be successfully captured.
    Print ISSN: 0034-6748
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-7623
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
    Published by American Institute of Physics (AIP)
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  • 9
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    Dual-phase steel structure visualized by extremely slow electrons (2015)
    Oxford University Press
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    Publication Date: 2015-12-13
    Description: Mechanical properties of complex steels are affected by their multi-phase structure. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) is routinely used for characterizing dual-phase (DP) steels, although the identification of steel constituents is not straightforward. In fact, there are several ways of enabling the ferrite–martensite segmentation by SEM, and a wide range of electron energies can be utilized. This study demonstrates the phase identification of DP steels at high, low and extremely low landing energies of the primary electrons from tens of keV to tens of eV. Visualization of the specimen surface at very low landing energies has been achieved by inserting an earthed detector between the pole piece and the negatively biased specimen. This ‘cathode lens mode’ enables the use of the full energy range up to the primary electron energies. It has been found that extremely slow electrons (〈100 eV) are exceptionally suitable for separation of the martensite from the ferrite matrix due to high surface sensitivity, enabling visualization of very fine features. Moreover, the channelling contrast is significantly suppressed at the landing energy of tens of eV of the primary electrons, which enables separation of the phases clearly even in the images acquired at low magnification. The contrast between the phases at tens of eV can be explained by the different thickness of native oxide covering the martensite and the ferrite phase.
    Print ISSN: 0022-0744
    Electronic ISSN: 1477-9986
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Japanese Electron Microscopy Society.
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  • 10
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    Magnetism of gold nanorods probed using electron spin resonance (2016)
    American Institute of Physics (AIP)
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    Publication Date: 2016-08-18
    Description: Electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy has been performed for gold nanorods (AuNRs) of four different sizes covered with a diamagnetic stabilizing component, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide. ESR signals were detected in AuNRs except the largest one. Two smallest AuNRs showed an abrupt change in the temperature dependence of resonance field and line width at around 60 K, indicating ferromagnetic phase transition. In medium-size AuNRs, the resonance with a large shift was observed below 100 K. The resonance field shifts at the lowest temperature exhibit systematic variation with the system size, which is explained by considering magnetic anisotropy for the ferromagnetic resonance.
    Print ISSN: 0003-6951
    Electronic ISSN: 1077-3118
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Institute of Physics (AIP)
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