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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The cardiac muscle in the pulmonary vein of the rat: A morphological and electrophysiological studyWork done in the Department of Morphology of the Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, and Institute of Biophysics of the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro. Supported in part by the Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo, grant 71/490 - médicas; by the Conselho de Pesquisas da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, by the Conselho Nacional de Pesquisas (Brasil), and by Banco Nacional de Desenvolvimento Econǒmico (Brasil) Contrato FUNTEC 143. (1975)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 145 (1975), S. 409-433 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The pulmonary veins of albino Wistar rats were studied by means of light and electron microscopy. The media of larger veins consists of cardiac muscle fibers which extend until the vessels attain about 100 μ in diameter. This coat consists of external longitudinal fibers and internal circular fibers. The vasa vasorum are well developed and the capillaries show pseudofenestrations. The numerous adrenergic and cholinergic nerve endings do not form typical motor end-plates as seen in skeletal muscles. The ultrastructure of these media muscle fibers is similar to that of rat hearts. The smooth muscle layer of larger pulmonary veins is not continuous as it is in smaller veins where it forms cushions. Comparisons of albino rats and other rodents reveal striking differences.Action potential shape and propagation velocity (0.5-1.2 m/s) along the myocardial coat of the pulmonary vein were similar to those observed in the left atrium and so was their sensitivity to locally applied acetylcholine. The physiological direction of propagation in rat pulmonary veins is toward the lung. This finding lends support to the hypothesis of a rhythmic, valve-like action of the striated musculature of the pulmonary venous wall during the systole and a possible role in the capacitance of the pulmonary circulation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1051450403
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of temperature on nucleotide pool formation in Tetrahymena pyriformis (1973)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 81 (1973), S. 149-151 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Warming of exponentially growing T. pyriformis to 34°C results in severe inhibition of nucleotide pool formation. The utilization of the pool for stable RNA synthesis is poorly affected at the high temperature. It thus appears that the synthesis and processing of ribosomal RNA precursors are not primarily impaired at 34°C.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040810203
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis of α-Cyanoenamines by Cyanation of α-Bromoimmonium Bromides and Dehydrobromination of β-bromo-α-(dialkylamino)nitriles (1983)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 116 (1983), S. 3846-3857 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Synthese von α-Cyanenaminen durch Cyanierung von α-Bromimmonium-bromiden und Dehydrobromierung von β-Brom-α-(dialkylamino)nitrilenDie Reaktion der α-Bromimmonium-bromide 4 mit Kaliumcyanid in Dimethylformamid gibt β-Brom-α-(dialkylamino)nitrile 5, die in verschiedenen Base-Lösungsmittel-Systemen zu (E)- und (Z)-α-Cyanenaminen 2 dehydrobromiert werden. Eine Modifizierung einer kürzlich veröffentlichten Synthese von α-Cyanenaminen 2 aus Aldehyden über Enamine führte zu einer verbesserten und schnellen Methode für die Darstellung der Titelverbindungen.
    Notes: The reaction of α-bromoimmonium bromides 4 with potassium cyanide in dimethylformamide gave rise to β-bromo-α-(dialkylamino)nitriles 5, which were dehydrobrominated in various basesolvent systems to afford (E)- and (Z)-α-cyanoenamines 2. An adaption of a previously published preparation of α-cyanoenamines starting from aldehydes via enamines led to an improved, efficient and fast synthesis of the title compounds.
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19831161208
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Facile Synthesis of 2-Alkoxy-2-aryloxiranes (1983)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 116 (1983), S. 3631-3636 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Eine einfache Darstellung von 2-Alkoxy-2-aryloxiranenTertiäre (α-Bromalkyl)arylketone 1 reagierten mit überschüssigem Kaliumcarbonat in trockenem Alkohol ausschließlich zu den entsprechenden 2-Alkoxy-2-aryloxiranen 4. Silbercarbonat in trockenem Alkohol führte in einer Konkurrenzreaktion zur Bildung von 4 und zu einer semibenzilischen Favorskii-Umlagerung (→5). Dagegen trat mit Silber-hexafluoroantimonat ausschließlich die letztere Umlagerungsreaktion ein.
    Notes: Tertiary α-bromoalkyl aryl ketones 1 were converted into 2-alkoxy-2-aryloxiranes 4 exclusively by reaction with excess potassium carbonate in the corresponding dry alcohol. Silver carbonate in a dry alcohol with these α-bromo ketones yielded competitively formation of 2-alkoxyoxiranes and semi-benzilic Favorskii rearrangement (→5), while silver hexafluoroantimonate in the same medium afforded the latter rearrangement reaction exclusively.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19831161112
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Iminophosphorane-mediated synthesis of mesoionic 1,3,4-Oxadiazolo-[3,2-a]pyridinylium-2-aminides (1988)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 121 (1988), S. 1495-1500 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Iminophosphoran-vermittelte Syntheses von mesoionischen 1,3,4- Oxadiazolo[3,2a]pyridinylium-2-aminidenDas Iminophosphoran 2 reagiert mit Methylisocyanat zu dem mesoionischen 1,3,4-Oxadiazolo[3,2-a]pyridinylium-2-methylaminid 3, das durch CF3SO3CH3 zum 1,3,4-Oxadiazolo[3,2-a]-pyridinium-Kation 4 methyliert wird. Struktur 4 wurde durch Röntgenstrukturanalyse gesichert. Durch Einwirkung von Base lagert das mesoionische Aminid 3 zum isomeren mesoionischen 1,3,4-Triazolo[3,2-a]pyridinylium-2-olat 11 um. Verbindung 3 wird durch (Arylimino)triphenylphosphorane in die entsprechenden 1,3,4-Oxadiazolo[3,2-a]pyridinium-2-arylaminide 12 umgewandelt, die auch aus Iminophosphoran 2 und Hydroximoylchloriden zugänglich sind.
    Notes: Reaction of iminophosphorane 2 with methyl isocyanate yields the mesoionic 1,3,4-oxadiazolo[3,2-a]pyridinylium-2-methylamindie 3, which undergoes N-methylation with CF3SO3CH3 to give the 1,3,4-oxadiazolo[3,2-a]pyridinium cation 4. The structure of compound 4 has been established by means of X-ray crystallography. Mesoionic aminide 3 undergoes rearrangement by the action of base to give the isomeric mesoionic compound 1,3,4-triazolo[3,2-a]pyridinylium-2-olate 11. Compound 3 by the action of (arylimino)triphenylphosphoranes is converted into the corresponding 1,3,4-oxadiazolo[3,2-a]pyridinylium-2-arylaminides 12, which can be also prepared from iminophosphorane 2 and hydroximoyl chlorides.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19881210825
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis, Characterization and Dynamic Behavior of (π-Allyl)palladium Complexes with Polydentate Nitrogen Ligands, Evidence of a Dissociative Mechanism (1996)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 129 (1996), S. 589-594 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Fluxionality ; Heterocyclic ligands ; Palladium complexes ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: New examples of the fluxional behavior of (η3-allyl)palla-dium complexes are described. Variable-temperature experiments and line-shape analysis of two (η3-allyl)palladium complexes containing 2-(1H-pyrazol-1-yl)azine ligands were performed in order to determine the activation free energies, enthalpies and entropies of the process. A dissociative mechanism pointing to a selective Pd-N cleavage is proposed on the basis of these results and NOE experiments above and below the coalescence temperature.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19961290519
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Quantitative electromyography of the masticatory muscles of Pteropus giganteus (Megachiroptera) (1988)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 196 (1988), S. 73-106 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Mastication has been studied by cinematography and quantitative electromyography while flying foxes, Pteropus giganteus, were freely feeding on standardized pieces of apple, soaked raisin, and banana.The primarily orthal mandibular movements are caused by mainly bilaterally symmetrical firing of all the masticatory muscles. Asymmetric activity in the superficial and deep masseter and medial pterygoid causes slight protrusion early in opening. Slight lateral deviations at the end of opening and at the start of closing are caused by asymmetric and asynchronous activity in the pterygoids and digastrics, and by asynchronous firing of the deep temporalis and zygomaticomandibularis. Food consistency affects movement characteristics as well as characteristics of muscular activity.In this study electromyograms were digitized and the number of spikes and mean amplitude per interval (set by the filming rate) recorded. Although a significant correlation exists between these descriptors, the product thereof appears to be the best predictor of certain kinematic variables (cycle length and maximum excursion of the mandible). On the other hand, the changes in magnitude of muscular activity as a function of the position of a cycle in the reduction sequence and as a function of food consistency are more translated in a variation of the mean amplitude than in a variation of the number of spikes per interval. Observed variation differs among muscles studied. It is most apparent in the superficial and deep masseter and least in the temporalis and zygomaticomandibularis.Late cycles of apple and raisin mastication are long and exhibit large gapes but almost no anterior movement. The adductor activity frequently shows a synchronized, pulsatile pattern leading to an unfused tetanus.
    Additional Material: 16 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1051960107
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Movements of the mandibles and tongue during mastication and swallowing in Pteropus giganteus (Megachiroptera): A cineradiographical study (1984)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 179 (1984), S. 95-114 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Quantitative lateral and dorsoventral cineradiography shows that the masticatory movements of the mandible, condyles, tongue, and hyoid of Pteropus giganteus (Chiroptera) move along highly regular paths that are characteristic for each of the three food types tested.Mandibular movements are predominantly orthal, although a small forward translation occurs early in opening and small lateral deflections occur in both opening and closing phases. These deflections are related to the existence of active (bolus bearing) and balancing sides of the jaws, chewing being not truly bilateral. The deflections are associated with a shift of both condyles toward one side. In consequence the active condyle is located in a lateral part of the associated fossa, the inactive condyle in a medial part. Food transfer from side to side involves a reversal of the chewing direction during opening. Such reversals are especially frequent near the end of a chewing sequence.The fore, middle, and hind parts of the tongue differ in their movement patterns. Movements of the fore part, and to a lesser extent of the middle part, follow the open-close movements of the lower jaw. The hind part of the tongue moves predominantly dorsally during slow closing and ventrally during fast opening and fast closing. All three parts move forward during slow closing and slow opening, and backward during fast opening and fast closing. Movements of the hyoid are closely synchronized with those of the hind part of the tongue. Furthermore, tongue and hyoid movements are synchronized with jaw movements. All cycles of Pteropus giganteus are transport cycles, and the synchrony appears to reflect the consistency of the food (soft pulp, juices). Food consistency also accounts for the high swallowing rate and the absence of any significant difference between nonswallowing and swallowing cycles.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1051790109
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Osmoregulatory-like mitochondria-rich cells in the developing pancreatic ducts of young anuran tadpoles (1993)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 216 (1993), S. 339-350 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Pancreatic ducts of young posthatching Rana temporaria tadpoles are the main component of the developing pancreas. At this stage (free-swimming tadpoles with internal gills), duct cells display a high degree of development of basal and lateral outfoldings of the cell membrane with extensive interdigitation, and numerous mitochondria are present throughout the cytoplasm. Wide intercellular spaces also exist, sometimes forming canaliculi-like structures. Since these traits are characteristic of cells engaged in osmotic regulation, we suggest the possibility that this temporary duct system participates in such control. Duct cells in tadpoles with well-developed hindlegs have diminished interdigitation, and mitochondria are localized apically. © 1993 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1052160309
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The use of submicroscopic gold particles combined with video contrast enhancement as a simple molecular probe for the living cell (1986)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Motility and the Cytoskeleton 6 (1986), S. 105-113 
    Details
    ISSN: 0886-1544
    Keywords: video-microscopy ; colloidal gold ; immunocytochemistry ; microtubules ; receptors ; saltatory motion ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: We describe a new approach to probe the molecular biology of the living cell that uses small colloidal gold particles coupled to specific ligands. They are visualized in cells by bright-field, video enhanced contrast microscopy. We describe the basic aspects of the technique and provide examples of applications to intracellular motility, cell membrane dynamics, receptor translocation, internalization, and intracellular routing. We also provide examples of the use of this approach in immunospecific labelling of cells and tissue sections.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cm.970060207
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