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  • 1
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    Central hypotensive effects of the alpha2a-adrenergic receptor subtype (1996)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1996-08-09
    Description: alpha2-Adrenergic receptors (alpha2ARs) present in the brainstem decrease blood pressure and are targets for clinically effective antihypertensive drugs. The existence of three alpha2AR subtypes, the lack of subtype-specific ligands, and the cross-reactivity of alpha2AR agonists with imidazoline receptors has precluded an understanding of the role of individual alpha2AR subtypes in the hypotensive response. Gene targeting was used to introduce a point mutation into the alpha2aAR subtype in the mouse genome. The hypotensive response to alpha2AR agonists was lost in the mutant mice, demonstrating that the alpha2aAR subtype plays a principal role in this response.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉MacMillan, L B -- Hein, L -- Smith, M S -- Piascik, M T -- Limbird, L E -- HL38120/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- HL43671/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- HL48638/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1996 Aug 9;273(5276):801-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8670421" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Agonists ; Adrenergic alpha-Agonists/pharmacology ; Animals ; Antihypertensive Agents/pharmacology ; Base Sequence ; Blood Pressure/drug effects/*physiology ; Brain Stem/physiology ; Brimonidine Tartrate ; Gene Targeting ; Heart Rate/drug effects/physiology ; Imidazoles/pharmacology ; Medetomidine ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Point Mutation ; Quinoxalines/pharmacology ; Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha-2/genetics/metabolism/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    Cardiovascular regulation in mice lacking alpha2-adrenergic receptor subtypes b and c (1996)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1996-08-09
    Description: alpha2-Adrenergic receptors (alpha2ARs) are essential components of the neural circuitry regulating cardiovascular function. The role of specific alpha2AR subtypes (alpha2a, alpha2b, and alpha2c) was characterized with hemodynamic measurements obtained from strains of genetically engineered mice deficient in either alpha2b or alpha2c receptors. Stimulation of alpha2b receptors in vascular smooth muscle produced hypertension and counteracted the clinically beneficial hypotensive effect of stimulating alpha2a receptors in the central nervous system. There were no hemodynamic effects produced by disruption of the alpha2c subtype. These results provide evidence for the clinical efficacy of more subtype-selective alpha2AR drugs.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Link, R E -- Desai, K -- Hein, L -- Stevens, M E -- Chruscinski, A -- Bernstein, D -- Barsh, G S -- Kobilka, B K -- GM07365/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- HL48638/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1996 Aug 9;273(5276):803-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8670422" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists/pharmacology ; Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists/metabolism/pharmacology ; Animals ; Blood Pressure/drug effects/*physiology ; Gene Targeting ; Heart Rate/drug effects/*physiology ; Imidazoles/pharmacology ; Kidney/metabolism ; Medetomidine ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Inbred Strains ; Mice, Knockout ; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism ; Phenylephrine/pharmacology ; Prazosin/pharmacology ; Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha-2/genetics/*physiology ; Yohimbine/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 3
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    Sensitivity of depth of maximum and absorption depth of EAS to hadron production mechanism (1985)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-11
    Description: Comparison of experimental data on depth of extensive air showers (EAS) development maximum in the atmosphere, T sub M and path of absorption, lambda, in the lower atmosphere of EAS with fixed particle number in the energy region eV with the results of calculation show that these parameters are sensitive mainly to the inelastic interaction cross section and scaling violation in the fragmentation and pionization region. The data are explained in a unified manner within the framework of a model in which scaling is violated slightly in the fragmentation region and strongly in the pionization region at primary cosmic rays composition close to the normal one and a permanent increase of inelastic interaction cross section. It is shown that, while interpreting the experimental data, disregard of two methodical points causes a systematic shift in T sub M: (1) shower selection system; and (2) EAS electron lateral distribution when performing the calculations on basis of which the transfer is made from the Cerenkov pulse FWHM to the depth of shower maximum, T sub M.
    Keywords: SPACE RADIATION
    Type: 19th Intern. Cosmic Ray Conf - Vol. 7; p 52-55; NASA-CP-2376-VOL-7
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 4
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    The electromagnetic component of albedo from superhigh energy cascades in dense media (1985)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Albedo from cascades induced in iron by high energy gamma quanta were Monte Carlo simulated. Thereafter the albedo electromagnetic component from proton induced cascades were calculated analytically. The calculations showed that the albedo electromagnetic component increases more rapidly than the nuclear active component and will dominate at sufficiently high energies.
    Keywords: SPACE RADIATION
    Type: HE-3.5-11 , 19th Intern. Cosmic Ray Conf - Vol. 6; p 380-383; NASA-CP-2376-VOL-6
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
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