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  • 1
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    Critical ionization velocity interaction in the CRIT I rocket experiment (1990)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: In the rocket experiment CRIT I, launched from Wallops Island on May 13, 1986, two identical Barium-shaped charges were fired from distances of 1.3 km and 3.6 km towards the main experiment payload, which was separated from a sub-payload by a couple of km along the magnetic field. The relevance of earlier proposed mechanisms for electron heating in ionospheric critical velocity experiments is investigated in the light of the CRIT I results. It is concluded that both the 'homogeneous' and the 'ionizing front' models can be applied, in different parts of the stream. It is also possible that a third, entirely different, mechanism may contribute to the electron heating. This mechanism involves direct energization of electrons in the magnetic-field-aligned component of the dc electric field.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Advances in Space Research (ISSN 0273-1177); 10; 7, 19; 63-66
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  • 2
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    Structure of the low-latitude boundary layer (1981)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: High temporal resolution observations of the frontside magnetopause and plasma boundary layer made with the fast plasma analyzer aboard the ISEE 1 and 2 spacecraft are reported. The data are found to be compatible with a boundary layer that is always attached to the magnetopause but where the layer thickness has a large-scale spatial modulation pattern which travels tailward past the spacecraft. Periods are included when the thickness is essentially zero and others when it is of the order of 1 earth radius. The duration of these periods is highly variable but is typically in the range of 2-5 min corresponding to a distance along the magnetopuase of approximately 3-8 earth radii. The observed boundary layer features include a steep density gradient at the magnetopause with an approximately constant boundary layer plasma density amounting to about 25% of the magnetosheath density, and a second abrupt density decrease at the inner edge of the layer.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research; 86; Apr. 1
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  • 3
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    Structure of the low latitude boundary layer (1980)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Observations at high temporal resolution of the frontside magnetopause and plasma boundary layer, made with the LASL/MPE fast plasma analyzer onboard the ISEE 1 and 2 spacecraft, revealed a complex quasiperiodic structure of some of the observed boundary layers. A cool tailward streaming boundary layer plasma was seen intermittently, with intervening periods of hot tenuous plasma which has properties similar to the magnetospheric population. While individual encounters with the boundary layer plasma last only a few minutes, the total observation time may extend over one hour or more.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: NASA-CR-164056
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 4
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    Evidence for magnetic field reconnection at the Earth's magnetopause (1981)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Eleven passes of the ISEE satellites through the frontside terrestrial magnetopause were identified, where the plasma velocity in the magnetopause and boundary layer was substantially larger than in the magnetosheath. The nature of the plasma flow, magnetic field, and energetic particle fluxes in these regions were examined, with a view to determining whether the velocity enhancements can be explained by magnetic field reconnection.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: NASA-CR-164066
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 5
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    Electric fields in the dayside auroral oval (1980)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: The results from four independent electric field experiments flown on three Black Brant 4 rockets in the forenoon dayside auroral oval in December 1974 and January 1975 are correlated with ground-based observations and rocket particle data. The electric field varied from zero to 150 mV/m. The predominant plasma convection was toward noon along the auroral oval with a smaller component directed toward the polar cap. In one case, however, a reversal occurred within the oval with plasma convection away from noon. Comparisons with magnetometer data indicate that in the dayside auroral oval, Hall currents sometimes are responsible for magnetic fluctuations observed on the ground. Comparisons with particle data show that the magnitude of the electric fields is inversely correlated with the electron energy flux.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research; 85; June 1
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  • 6
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    Plasma wave turbulence at the magnetopause - Observations from ISEE 1 and 2 (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: An investigation of plasma wave electric and magnetic fields in the vicinity of the magnetopause using measurements from the ISEE 1 and 2 spacecraft is presented. Strong electric and magnetic field turbulence is often observed at the magnetopause; the electric field spectrum of this turbulence extends from less than a few hertz to over 100 kHz, and the magnetic field from a few hertz to about 1 kHz. Similar turbulence spectra are observed in association with flux transfer events and possible 'inclusions' of boundary layer plasma in the magnetosphere. Two possible plasma instabilities, the electrostatic ion-cyclotron and the lower-hybrid-drift instability, should explain the broad-band electric field turbulence; the narrow-band electrostatic emissions near the local electron plasma frequency are believed to be plasma oscillations or electrostatic waves near the upper-hybrid-resonance frequency.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research; 84; Dec. 1
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  • 7
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    Energetic ion composition in the subsolar magnetopause and boundary layer (1982)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Energetic ion mass spectrometer data obtained on ISEE 1 are analyzed to show that the plasma in the subsolar magnetospheric boundary layer, magnetopause, and adjacent magnetosheath has an ionospheric component, He(+) and O(+), and a solar wind component, H(+) and He(++). Nine intervals when the ISEE 1 and 2 fast plasma and magnetometer data clearly define the magnetopause are examined, and observations indicate that He(+) is more predominant than O(+), in the subsolar boundary layer and the magnetosheath. In five of the boundary layer intervals, keV He(+) ions are observed, and energetic O(+) ions are seen above background in two of the boundary layers where He(+) is observed
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
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  • 8
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    Evidence for magnetic field reconnection at the earth's magnetopause (1981)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Eleven Northern Hemisphere crossings of the dayside magnetopause by the ISEE spacecraft are examined to test the hypothesis that the large plasma flow speeds observed in the magnetopause and boundary layer are the result of the plasma acceleration intrinsic to the magnetic field reconnection process. In several cases energetic magnetospheric particles with the proper flow anisotropy, and in one case, reflected magnetosheath particles, were observed outside the magnetopause but adjacent to it. All results support the reconnection hypothesis. The energetic particles were also used to identify the outer separatrix surface, in one case of which is was possible to conclude from its location relative to the magnetopause that the reconnection site was in the vicinity of the equatorial plane rather than in the cusp. The electric field tangential to the magnetopause is inferred to be in the 0.4-2.8 mV/m range.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research; 86; Nov. 1
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  • 9
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    Further determination of the characteristics of magnetospheric plasma vortices with Isee 1 and 2 (1981)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Further studies of the vortices in magnetospheric plasma flow with the Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory/Max-Planck-Institut (LASL/MPI) fast plasma experiment on Isee 1 and 2 have revealed that the pattern of vortical flow has a wavelength of approximately 20-40 earth radii and moves tailward through the magnetosphere at speeds of several hundred kilometers per second. The tendency toward vorticity pervades the total breadth of the plasma sheet tailward of the dawn-dusk meridian. The sense of rotation of the plasma flow (as viewed from above the ecliptic plane) is clockwise in the morning side of the plasma sheet and counterclockwise in the evening side. The sense of rotation in the morning and evening boundary layers is reversed from that in the contiguous regions of the plasma sheet. The occurrence of vortical flow is independent of the level of geomagnetic activity but is associated with long-period geomagnetic pulsations.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research; 86; Feb. 1
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  • 10
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    The Active Magnetospheric Particle Tracer Explorers program (1983)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: In order to study the access of solar wind ions to the magnetosphere, together with the processes that transport and accelerate magnetospheric particles, the Active Magnetospheric Particle Tracer Explorers (AMPTE) mission will release and monitor lithium and barium tracer ions in both the solar wind and the magnetosphere. A single, massive release of barium in the dawn magnetosheath will in addition create a visible artificial comet in the flowing solar wind plasma, within which studies of a range of different plasma effects will be undertaken. The AMPTE will obtain comprehensive measurements of natural magnetospheric particle populations' elemental composition and dynamics. AMPTE comprises three spacecraft: the Ion Release Module, the Charge Composition Explorer, and the United Kingdom Subsatellite.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Johns Hopkins APL Technical Digest (ISSN 0270-5214); 4; Jan
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