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  • Hypothalamus  (2)
  • Formaldehyde-induced fluorescence  (1)
  • Karyometry  (1)
  • Lacerta vivipara  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 143 (1973), S. 143-147 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Rat ; Suprachiasmatic nucleus ; Blinding ; Retinohypothalamic connections ; Karyometry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Radioaktiv markierte Aminosäuren werden bei Säugetieren nach intraokulärer Injektion nicht nur zu den primären optischen Kerngebieten, sondern auch in den Nucleus suprachiasmaticus des Hypothalamus transportiert (Moore und Lenn, 1972; Hendrickson, Wagoner und Cowan, 1972; Moore, 1973). Dieser Befund macht eine direkte Verknüpfung zwischen der Netzhaut und dem sekretorisch aktiven Nucleus suprachiasmaticus wahrscheinlich, obwohl mit Silbertechniken eine solche Verbindung nicht sicher nachgewiesen werden konnte. Karyometrische Studien am Nucleus suprachiasmaticus männlicher Wistar-Ratten zeigen 6 Tage nach beidseitiger Blendung eine signifikante Abnahme der Zellkerndurchmesser. Dieses Ergebnis spricht für eine Aktivitätsänderung der Neurone im Nucleus suprachiasmaticus geblendeter Ratten.
    Notes: Summary Intraocular injection of labeled amino acids results, in different mammals, in an accumulation of radioactive material not only in the primary optic centers but also within the hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nucleus (Moore et al., 1972; Hendrickson et al., 1972; Moore, 1973). This finding argues in favour of a direct connection between the retina and the secretory suprachiasmatic nucleus although silver techniques do not show such a pathway. In male Wistar rats the nuclear diameter of the suprachiasmatic neurons decreases significantly 6 days after bilateral experimental ablation of the retina. These results indicate an alteration in activity of the suprachiasmatic neurons in blinded rats.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 144 (1973), S. 89-115 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Pineal and parietal organs ; Lacerta vivipara ; Pre- and postnatal life ; Serotonin ; Noradrenaline
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Par la technique de Falck et Hillarp, nous avons étudié la localisation des monoamines indoliques et catéchniques épiphysaires durant la vie pré- et postnatale, chez Lacerta vivipara. A partir du stade 36 de l'embryogenèse, le traitement par les vapeurs de paraformaldéhyde induit en U.V. une fluorescence jaune, labile, dans l'épithélium épiphysaire dont la localisation est étudiée en fonction de la différenciation épiphysaire. L'analyse microspectrofluorimétrique des fluorophores jaunes permet de garantir, à tous les stades de la vie, un stockage de 5-HT et peut-être de 5-HTP, dans les cellules de type photorécepteur rudimentaire sécrétoire. Chez l'embryon, la confrontation des recherches histochimiques et ultrastructurale montre que les cellules «interstitielles» de type épendymaire (= «cellules de soutien») jouent un rôle dans le captage des acides aminés, dont les précurseurs de la sérotonine. Grâce à la technique de culture des embryons, en chambre noire, l'application de traitements pharmacologiques renseigne sur les modalités d'incorporation, et de stockage des dérivés indoliques. Le problème des systèmes enzymatiques impliqués dans la biosynthèse et le catabolisme de la sérotonine est discuté chez l'embryon. La fluorescence verte des fibres nerveuses pinéalopètes n'apparaît qu'au stade 39. L'analyse microspectrofluorimétrique des fluorophores verts, chez l'adulte, montre que le neurotransmetteur de ces fibres est la noradrénaline. L'apparition de la sérotonine et de ses rythmes éventuels ne dépendent donc pas de l'innervation adrénergique, aux jeunes stades de la vie embryonnaire. Dans les conditions normales et expérimentales, les monoamines (5-HTP, 5-HT et catécholamines) ne peuvent pas être mises en évidence dans l'oeil pariétal embryonnaire.
    Notes: Summary The distribution of monoamines (indole- and catecholamines) was studied in the pre- and postnatal pineal organ of the lizard Lacerta vivipara (J.) using fluorescence histochemistry. After formaldehyde treatment, a yellow (U.V.-labile) fluorescence first appears at stage 36 in the parenchyma. The distribution of this fluorescence is considered with regard to cellular differentiation. Microspectrofluorometric analysis of the yellow fluorophores shows a storage of 5-HT, and possibly 5-HTP, in secretory rudimentary photoreceptors throughout life. The fluorescence histochemistry and electron microscopy of the embryonic pineal organ indicates that the “interstitial” cells of the ependymal type play a role in the uptake of tryptophan and 5-HTP (precursors of serotonin). Dark chamber culture of embryos was used to clarify the incorporation and storage of indole compounds. The presence of enzymatic systems, involved in the metabolism of indoleamines is discussed. From stage 39 onwards a green fluorescence can be demonstrated in sympathetic nerve fibres running in the pineal capsule. Microspectrofluorometric analysis of the green fluorophores in the adult showed noradrénaline to be the normal neurotransmitter. Evidently the appearance of 5-HT during embryonic life does not depend on the adrenergic innervation of the pineal organ. In normal and experimental series, monoamines could not be demonstrated in the embryonic pariétal eye.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 176 (1977), S. 1-22 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Hypothalamus ; Pituitary ; Formaldehyde-induced fluorescence ; Microspectrofluorometry ; Anguilla anguilla L
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary In the telencephalon and diencephalon of the eel (Anguilla anguilla L.) formaldehyde-induced fluorescence was studied microscopically and microfluorometrically with special emphasis on the innervation of the pituitary. In the telencephalon fluorescent fibers contained predominantly noradrenaline fluorophores. Fluorescent nuclei could not be established. In the diencephalon fluorescent perikarya were found in: (1) the paraventricular organ (PVO), possessing either dopamine or, to a lesser extent, serotonin fluorophores; (2) the PVO-accompanying group, exhibiting spectral data resembling those of noradrenaline fluorophores; (3) the nucleus hypothalami anterior (NHA), a small paired group of catecholamine-containing cells posterior to the commissura transversa. — The nucleus lobi inferioris exhibited a high density of delicate, most probably dopamine-containing terminals, while fibers surrounding this nucleus contained noradrenaline fluorophores. A high density of fluorescent terminals containing dopamine and/or noradrenaline was also found in the habenular complex. Fluorescent terminals in the pituitary contained fluorophores resembling either dopamine or noradrenaline. Fluorescent tracts entered the pituitary from different directions. A rostral, unpaired tract enters the neurointermediate lobe, as also verified experimentally. The rostral pars distalis receives two paired tracts, one from a rostral and one from a dorsal direction. The proximal pars distalis also receives two paired tracts, one from a dorsal and one from a posterior direction.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 201 (1979), S. 499-502 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Monoamine fluorescence ; Microfluorometry ; Computer-assisted correction ; Hypothalamus ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary In a circumscribed area of the preoptic periventricular nucleus of a male rat, formaldehyde-induced monoamine fluorophores modified by treatment with HCl vapors were investigated microfluorometrically (measurement of excitation peak ratio 370∶320 nm) in all fluorescent terminals and preterminals. Microfluorometric recordings of an individual fluorescent structure were performed without UV irradiation of neighboring fluorophores. Recorded data were sampled and corrected by a microcomputer (WangPCS II). 19 neuronal processes (axons) contained noradrenaline fluorophores; 11 contained dopamine fluorophores; 6 exhibited uncharacteristic excitation peak ratios; and in 9 recordings technical problems did not allow identification of the fluorophore content.
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