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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Keywords: Key words Pax-6 ; Coral ; Acropora ; Homeobox ; Paired box
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  Vertebrate Pax-6 and its Drosophila homolog eyeless play central roles in eye specification, although it is not clear if this represents the ancestral role of this gene class. As the most ”primitive” animals with true nervous systems, the Cnidaria may be informative in terms of the evolution of the Pax gene family. For this reason we surveyed the Pax gene complement of a representative of the basal cnidarian class (the Anthozoa), the coral Acropora millepora. cDNAs encoding two coral Pax proteins were isolated. Pax-Aam encoded a protein containing only a paired domain, whereas Pax-Cam also contained a homeodomain clearly related to those in the Pax-6 family. The paired domains in both proteins most resembled the vertebrate Pax-2/5/8 class, but shared several distinctive substitutions. As in most Pax-6 homologs and orthologs, an intron was present in the Pax-Cam locus at a position corresponding to residues 46/47 in the homeodomain. We propose a model for evolution of the Pax family, in which the ancestor of all of the vertebrate Pax genes most resembled Pax-6, and arose via fusion of a Pax-Aam-like gene (encoding only a paired domain) with an anteriorly-expressed homeobox gene resembling the paired -like class.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Medical & biological engineering & computing 29 (1991), S. 565-570 
    ISSN: 1741-0444
    Keywords: Computer control ; Doppler ultrasound ; Flow simulation ; Magnetic resonance ; Physiological flow ; Pulsatile pump
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A computer-controlled pump for use both in the study of vascular haemodynamics and in the calibration of clinical devices which measure blood flow is designed. The novel design of this pump incorporates two rack-mounted pistons, driven into opposing cylinders by a micro-stepping motor. This approach allows the production of nearly uninterrupted steady flow, as well as a variety of pulsatile wave-forms, including waveforms with reverse flow. The capabilities of this pump to produce steady flow from 0·1 to 60 mls−1, as well as sinusoidal flow and physiological flow, such as that found in the common femoral and common carotid arteries are demonstrated. Cycle-to-cycle reproducibility is very good, with an average variation of 0·1 mls−1 over thousands of cycles.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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