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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Meccanica 27 (1992), S. 233-250 
    ISSN: 1572-9648
    Keywords: Stone ; Metals ; Weathering ; Corrosion ; Rusting ; Mechanics of masonry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Sommario Scopo del presente articolo e'presentare una rassegna dei fattori intrinseci ed estrinseci che influenzano la durabilita' della muratura. All'interno di tale rassegna si sviluppano altri temi, ed in particolare uno studio sui danni provocati dai cambiamenti di volume che accompagnano le modificatzioni biologiche, fisiche, chimiche. Nella prima parte dell'articolo ci si sofferma sulle modificazioni degli ammassi rocciosi durante le ere geologiche, e sul nesso tra i dati desunti da tale analisi e il problema della corroasione della pietra. La parte finale dell'articolo e'invece dedicata ad uno studio degli stati tensionali e fessurativi risultanti dall'espansione legata alla corrosione di elementi metallici di rinforzo posti all'interno della muratura. Benche' il danno strutturale sia l'argomento centrale della discussione, vengono anche presi in considerazione i problemi conness alla dissoluzione e alla comparsa di macchie, e si illustrano alcuni.
    Notes: Abstract The central purpose of this paper is to present a survey of the extrinsic and intrinsic factors which influence the durability of masonry. In approaching this subject other themes are developed; in particular a study is made of the damage due to the volume changes which accompany all biological, physical and chemical changes. Light can be thrown on the corrosion of stone from a knowledge of the weathering of rocks throughout geological time, and this aspect is explored in the opening section of the paper. The final part of the paper consists of a study of the stresses and cracking of stone which can result from the expansive rusting of iron or steel reinforcements. Although mechanical damage dominates the discussion, some comments are made on the staining and dissolution of stone and examples are illustrated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
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    Unknown
    In:  Other Sources
    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: Although significant advances have been made in the simulation of two-dimensional compressible laminar viscous flows by numerically solving the compressible Navier-Stokes (N.S.) equations, problem areas still remain to be solved before viscous flows requiring solution of the compressible N.S. equations can be efficiently and accurately simulated for flows of aerodynamic interest. These problem areas include turbulence (three-dimensional character), complex geometry, flow unsteadiness, placement of artificial boundaries relative to solid boundaries, specification of boundary conditions, and large flow gradients near surfaces and in the vicinity of shock waves for supersonic flows.
    Keywords: FLUID MECHANICS AND HEAT TRANSFER
    Type: NASA. Ames Res. Center Future Computer Requirements for Computational Aerodynamics; p 176-208
    Format: text
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2019-07-27
    Description: Several two- and three-dimensional external and internal flow problems solved on the STAR-100 and CYBER-203 vector processing computers are described. The flow field was described by the full Navier-Stokes equations which were then solved by explicit finite-difference algorithms. Problem results and computer system requirements are presented. Program organization and data base structure for three-dimensional computer codes which will eliminate or improve on page faulting, are discussed. Storage requirements for three-dimensional codes are reduced by calculating transformation metric data in each step. As a result, in-core grid points were increased in number by 50% to 150,000, with a 10% execution time increase. An assessment of current and future machine requirements shows that even on the CYBER-205 computer only a few problems can be solved realistically. Estimates reveal that the present situation is more storage limited than compute rate limited, but advancements in both storage and speed are essential to realistically calculate three-dimensional flow.
    Keywords: FLUID MECHANICS AND HEAT TRANSFER
    Type: CYBER-205 Applications Symposium; Aug. 12, 13, 1982; Fort Collins, CO
    Format: text
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: A numerical algorithm and computer program are presented for solving the laminar, transitional, or turbulent two dimensional or axisymmetric compressible boundary-layer equations for perfect-gas flows. The governing equations are solved by an iterative three-point implicit finite-difference procedure. The software, program VGBLP, is a modification of the approach presented in NASA TR R-368 and NASA TM X-2458, respectively. The major modifications are: (1) replacement of the fourth-order Runge-Kutta integration technique with a finite-difference procedure for numerically solving the equations required to initiate the parabolic marching procedure; (2) introduction of the Blottner variable-grid scheme; (3) implementation of an iteration scheme allowing the coupled system of equations to be converged to a specified accuracy level; and (4) inclusion of an iteration scheme for variable-entropy calculations. These modifications to the approach presented in NASA TR R-368 and NASA TM X-2458 yield a software package with high computational efficiency and flexibility. Turbulence-closure options include either two-layer eddy-viscosity or mixing-length models. Eddy conductivity is modeled as a function of eddy viscosity through a static turbulent Prandtl number formulation. Several options are provided for specifying the static turbulent Prandtl number. The transitional boundary layer is treated through a streamwise intermittency function which modifies the turbulence-closure model. This model is based on the probability distribution of turbulent spots and ranges from zero to unity for laminar and turbulent flow, respectively. Several test cases are presented as guides for potential users of the software.
    Keywords: FLUID MECHANICS AND HEAT TRANSFER
    Type: NASA-TM-83207 , NAS 1.15:83207
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: The ongoing effort at NASA Langley Research Center aimed at developing transitional zone models for Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes calculations is described. Results from three models that we have examined - two zero-equation models and a two-equation model of the k-omega type - are presented for high-speed flows. The use of analytical and computational tools to provide guidance and to provide the transitional flow-field data bases necessary to develop such models is discussed. Some results from validation of these tools are given; qualitative comparisons between modeled and theoretical/computational representations of the transitional zone are provided.
    Keywords: FLUID MECHANICS AND HEAT TRANSFER
    Type: AIAA PAPER 92-5066 , AIAA, International Aerospace Planes Conference; Dec 01, 1992 - Dec 04, 1992; Orlando, FL; United States|; 18 p.
    Format: text
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Equations and closure methods for compressible turbulent boundary layers are discussed. Flow phenomena peculiar to calculation of these boundary layers were considered, along with calculations of three dimensional compressible turbulent boundary layers. Procedures for ascertaining nonsimilar two and three dimensional compressible turbulent boundary layers were appended, including finite difference, finite element, and mass-weighted residual methods.
    Keywords: FLUID MECHANICS AND HEAT TRANSFER
    Type: NASA-SP-422 , 1976 Von Karman Inst. for Fluid Dyn. Lecture Ser. Compressible Turbulent Boundary Layers; Mar 01, 1976 - Mar 05, 1976; Rhode-St.-Genese; Belgium
    Format: application/pdf
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