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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Biodegradability of photooxidized polyalkylenes (1984)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 29 (1984), S. 2581-2597 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Representative polyolefin films were exposed to UV radiation from light sources having different intensities and spectral distribution including the quartz mercury arc fluorescent lamps, xenon arc, and sunlight. Films exposed were polyethylene, polypropylene, and sensitized polyethylene. The oligomer fractions supported microbial growth, but the high polymers gave minimal or no growth. It was concluded that photooxidative degradation of polyolefins does not per se induce progressive attack by microorganisms. Oligomers present originally in the polymer are augmented by those produced by photooxidation. These oligomers support growth if separated from the polymer matrix. These observations explain some of the contradictory reports in the literature concerning the microbial degradation of sensitized polyolefins.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1984.070290814
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    X-ray fluorescence investigation of the shroud of turin (1980)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 9 (1980), S. 40-47 
    Details
    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We present results of X-ray fluorescence measurements on the Shroud of Turin. Quantitative estimates are given for the observed trace quantities of calcium, iron and strontium, and detection limits are established for other elements of potential interest. The calcium and strontium appear as uniform background distributions. Iron traces are observed in all of the data spectra but their local concentrations vary. Comparisons between image and off-image areas reveal no differences, within the precision limits of the data, that would indicate the presence of pigments or dyes containing high-C elements. In ‘blood’ stain regions the measurements show significantly higher concentrations of iron. However, the data do not allow a unique identification of the stain's origin. Quantitative comparisons are made between the shroud results and similar measurements on whole blood and Fe2O3 stains.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/xrs.1300090203
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Molecular weight distribution in polypropylene glycol 2025 (1963)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: General Papers 1 (1963), S. 1041-1048 
    Details
    ISSN: 0449-2951
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The new applications of polypropylene glycols as chemical intermediates, particularly in the polyurethane field, have shifted emphasis from purely physical properties, such as density, viscosity, and volatility, to chemical properties, such as hydroxyl content, unsaturation, and molecular weight: Because much interest is also being shown in the uniformity of chain length, i.e., the “molecular purity” of the polypropylene glycol, methods were investigated for measuring this property. A liquid chromatographic procedure has been developed which will yield molecular weight distributions for polypropylene glycols in the 2025 number-average molecular weight range. The results approximate, but do not match, the values obtained by theoretical calculations. Details of the method and a typical distribution curve are presented.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1963.100010317
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  • 4
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    Confidence Hills Mineralogy and Chemin Results from Base of Mt. Sharp, Pahrump Hills, Gale Crater, Mars (2015)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-19
    Description: The Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) rover Curiosity recently completed its fourth drill sampling of sediments on Mars. The Confidence Hills (CH) sample was drilled from a rock located in the Pahrump Hills region at the base of Mt. Sharp in Gale Crater. The CheMin X-ray diffractometer completed five nights of analysis on the sample, more than previously executed for a drill sample, and the data have been analyzed using Rietveld refinement and full-pattern fitting to determine quantitative mineralogy. Confidence Hills mineralogy has several important characteristics: 1) abundant hematite and lesser magnetite; 2) a 10 angstrom phyllosilicate; 3) multiple feldspars including plagioclase and alkali feldspar; 4) mafic silicates including forsterite, orthopyroxene, and two types of clinopyroxene (Ca-rich and Ca-poor), consistent with a basaltic source; and 5) minor contributions from sulfur-bearing species including jarosite.
    Keywords: Chemistry and Materials (General); Lunar and Planetary Science and Exploration
    Type: JSC-CN-32870 , Lunar and Planetary Science Conference; Mar 16, 2015 - Mar 20, 2015; The Woodlands, TX; United States
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 5
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    Oxidation Of Manganese At Kimberley, Gale Crater: More Free Oxygen In Mars' Past? (2015)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-19
    Description: High Mn concentrations provide unique indicators of water-rich environments and their redox state. Very high-potential oxidants are required to oxidize Mn to insoluble, high-valence oxides that can precipitate and concentrate Mn in rocks and sediments; these redox potentials are much higher than those needed to oxidize Fe or S. Consequently, Mn-rich rocks on Earth closely track the rise of atmospheric oxygen. Given the association between Mn-rich rocks and the redox state of surface environments, observations of anomalous Mn enrichments on Mars raise similar questions about redox history, solubility and aqueous transport, and availability as a metabolic substrate. Our observations suggest that at least some of the high Mn present in Gale crater occurs in the form of Mn-oxides filling veins that crosscut sand-stones, requiring post-depositional precipitation as highly oxidizing fluids moved through the fractured strata after their deposition and lithification.
    Keywords: Chemistry and Materials (General); Lunar and Planetary Science and Exploration
    Type: JSC-CN-32872 , Lunar and Planetary Science Conference; Mar 16, 2015 - Mar 20, 2015; The Woodlands, TX; United States
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  • 6
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    Iron-Manganese Redox Reactions in Endeavour Crater Rim Apron Rocks (2015)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: The Mars Exploration Rover Opportunity has been exploring Noachian age rocks and outcrops on the rim of the 22 km diameter Endeavour crater since August 2011. The Cape York area is a low-lying rim of Endeavour that contains 3 distinct lithologies: 1) the stratigraphically lowest Matijevic fm of pre-impact lithology, 2) Shoemaker fm of impact breccias, and 3) the stratigraphically highest rim lithology Grasberg fm of post-impact sediments that drape the lower slopes of the rim. The sulfate-rich sediment of the Burns fm lies unconformably over the Grasberg fm. Ca-sulfate veins were discovered in Grasberg fm sediments; the sulfates precipitated from aqueous fluids flowing upward through these materials. Opportunity investigated the chemistry and morphology of outcrops in the Matijevic fm that have Fe(sup 3+)-rich smectite detected by orbital signatures returned by CRISM on MRO. Matijevic fm also contains "boxwork" fractures with chemistry consistent with an Al-rich smectite and veins that appear to be rich in Ca-sulfate. More recently on Cape Tribulation, Opportunity has characterized two S-, Mg- and Mn-rich rich rocks overturned and fractured by the rover's wheels on Cook Haven. Those rocks have been dubbed "Pinnacle Island" and "Stuart Island" and will be referred to as the "Island" rocks. The objectives of this study are to characterize the Fe and Mn contents in the Cape York materials, including the two Island rocks, and to provide a model for Mn mobilization and precipitation. Detailed geochemistry of Endeavour rim rocks is presented in a companion paper. Geochemical trends and elemental associations were obtained from data returned by the Alpha Particle X-ray Spectrometer (APXS) on Opportunity.
    Keywords: Chemistry and Materials (General); Lunar and Planetary Science and Exploration
    Type: JSC-CN-32742 , Lunar and Planetary Science Conference; Mar 16, 2015 - Mar 20, 2015; The Woodlands, TX; United States
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  • 7
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    Silica Retention and Enrichment in Open-System Chemical Weathering on Mars (2015)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Chemical signatures of weathering are evident in the Alpha Particle X-ray Spectrometer (APXS) datasets from Gusev Crater, Meridiani Planum, and Gale Crater. Comparisons across the landing sites show consistent patterns indicating silica retention and/or enrichment in open-system aqueous alteration.
    Keywords: Chemistry and Materials (General); Lunar and Planetary Science and Exploration
    Type: JSC-CN-32739 , Lunar and Planetary Science Conference; Mar 16, 2015 - Mar 20, 2015; The Woodlands, TX; United States
    Format: application/pdf
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