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  • Lunar and Planetary Science and Exploration  (7)
  • Carbon Dioxide  (2)
  • Differential replication  (2)
  • 1
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    Summer evolution of the north polar cap of Mars as observed by OMEGA/Mars Express (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-02-19
    Description: The Observatoire pour la Mineralogie, l'Eau, les Glaces, et l'Activite (OMEGA) visible-infrared imaging spectrometer extensively observed regions of Mars with latitudes above 70 degrees N in late 2004 (heliocentric longitude from Ls 93 degrees to Ls 127 degrees ). The extent of water ice at the surface and the size of ice grains were monitored as a function of time. Bright, small-grained frost, which initially covered a large fraction of the polar cap, waned in favor of large-grained ice. In outlying regions, dominated by large-grained ice, the albedo increased over the period. Evaluating the dust content was model dependent. However, contamination of ice by dust was low.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Langevin, Y -- Poulet, F -- Bibring, J-P -- Schmitt, B -- Doute, S -- Gondet, B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Mar 11;307(5715):1581-4. Epub 2005 Feb 17.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institut d'Astrophysique Spatiale, CNRS-Universite Paris Sud, 91405 Orsay, France. yves.langevin@ias.u-psud.fr〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15718426" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Carbon Dioxide ; Extraterrestrial Environment ; *Ice ; *Mars ; Seasons ; Spacecraft ; Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared ; Spectrum Analysis ; Water
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    Global mineralogical and aqueous mars history derived from OMEGA/Mars Express data (2006)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-04-22
    Description: Global mineralogical mapping of Mars by the Observatoire pour la Mineralogie, l'Eau, les Glaces et l'Activite (OMEGA) instrument on the European Space Agency's Mars Express spacecraft provides new information on Mars' geological and climatic history. Phyllosilicates formed by aqueous alteration very early in the planet's history (the "phyllocian" era) are found in the oldest terrains; sulfates were formed in a second era (the "theiikian" era) in an acidic environment. Beginning about 3.5 billion years ago, the last era (the "siderikian") is dominated by the formation of anhydrous ferric oxides in a slow superficial weathering, without liquid water playing a major role across the planet.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bibring, Jean-Pierre -- Langevin, Yves -- Mustard, John F -- Poulet, Francois -- Arvidson, Raymond -- Gendrin, Aline -- Gondet, Brigitte -- Mangold, Nicolas -- Pinet, P -- Forget, F -- Berthe, Michel -- Gomez, Cecile -- Jouglet, Denis -- Soufflot, Alain -- Vincendon, Mathieu -- Combes, Michel -- Drossart, Pierre -- Encrenaz, Therese -- Fouchet, Thierry -- Merchiorri, Riccardo -- Belluci, Giancarlo -- Altieri, Francesca -- Formisano, Vittorio -- Capaccioni, Fabricio -- Cerroni, Pricilla -- Coradini, Angioletta -- Fonti, Sergio -- Korablev, Oleg -- Kottsov, Volodia -- Ignatiev, Nikolai -- Moroz, Vassili -- Titov, Dimitri -- Zasova, Ludmilla -- Loiseau, Damien -- Pinet, Patrick -- Doute, Sylvain -- Schmitt, Bernard -- Sotin, Christophe -- Hauber, Ernst -- Hoffmann, Harald -- Jaumann, Ralf -- Keller, Uwe -- Arvidson, Ray -- Duxbury, Tom -- Forget, Francois -- Neukum, G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 Apr 21;312(5772):400-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institut d'Astrophysique Spatiale (IAS), Batiment 121, 91405 Orsay Campus, France.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16627738" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aluminum Silicates ; Atmosphere ; Carbon Dioxide ; Extraterrestrial Environment ; Ferric Compounds ; *Mars ; *Minerals ; Silicates ; Sulfates ; Time ; *Water
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Variable methylation and differential replication of genomic DNA in cultured carrot root expiants during growth induction as influenced by hormonal treatments (1991)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 82 (1991), S. 283-288 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Daucus carota L. ; Tissue culture ; Hormones ; DNA methylation ; Differential replication ; Transitory genomic variation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The methylation and amplification pattern of genomic DNA of carrot root expiants (Daucus carota L.) undergoes transitory changes during the cultural cycle. A high degree of variation was observed as early as 36 h after the incubation of fresh expiants in the nutrient medium and, depending on the hormonal treatment significant modifications occurred during 14 days of culture. Proliferative tissue conditioned by kinetin showed an extensive reduction in DNA methylation. Changes in the DNA amplification pattern were not necessarily linked to methylation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02190613
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rapid changes in amplification and methylation pattern of genomic DNA in cultured carrot root explants (Daucus carota L.) (1993)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 85 (1993), S. 793-800 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Daucus carota L. ; Tissue culture ; Growth regulator ; Genomic DNA ; Methylation ; Differential replication ; Rejuvenilization
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Rapid genomic DNA variation due to methylation and copy number alteration was observed in carrot root explants 6 h after inoculation and during a 36-h period of exponential callus growth. De novo methylation and amplification of restricted BspNI fragments of low molecular weight occurred before cell cycle activation and should, therefore, be independent of progression through the S-phase of the cell cycle. Growth regulators seemed to influence the amplification pattern indirectly by regulating cell division activity. In exponentially growing callus tissue the copy number of most of the repetitive fragments was dramatically reduced. It is presumed that this reduction in the copy number of repetitive fragments is characteristic of ‘rejuvenilization’. 3-Indole-acetic-acid (IAA) and inositol in the medium increased the degree of unspecific genomic DNA methylation in growing rhizogenic carrot callus tissue in the absence of kinetin, which inhibits root induction at that stage. A possible relation to the induction of rhizogenesis is considered. The observed reduction in number of repetitive restriction fragments and the increase in DNA methylation are gross changes covering the total genome. The results are discussed in relation to the controversy concerning the general biological significance of the methylation and amplification of DNA sequences.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00225021
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  • 5
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    Mars Water Ice and Carbon Dioxide Seasonal Polar Caps: GCM Modeling and Comparison with Mars Express Omega Observations (2005)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-10-02
    Description: To better understand the behavior of the Mars CO2 ice seasonal polar caps, and in particular interpret the the Mars Express Omega observations of the recession of the northern seasonal cap, we present some simulations of the Martian Climate/CO2 cycle/ water cycle as modeled by the Laboratoire de Meteorologie Dynamique (LMD) global climate model.
    Keywords: Lunar and Planetary Science and Exploration
    Type: Lunar and Planetary Science XXXVI, Part 6; LPI-Contrib-1234-Pt-6
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  • 6
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    The SO2 Cycle on Io as Seen by the Near Infrared Mapping Spectrometer (2000)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-10-02
    Description: Based on the analysis of Near Infrared Mapping Spectrometer (NIMS) hyperspectral images of Io that leads to sulfur dioxide distribution maps, we intend to give some insights about different processes occurring throughout the SO2 cycle.
    Keywords: Lunar and Planetary Science and Exploration
    Type: Lunar and Planetary Science XXXI; LPI-Contrib-1000
    Format: text
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  • 7
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    High LMD GCM Resolution Modeling of the Seasonal Evolution of the Martian Northern Permanent Cap: Comparison with Mars Express OMEGA Observations (2005)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-10-02
    Description: Analyses of imaging data from Mariner, Viking and MGS have shown that surface properties (albedo, temperature) of the northern cap present significant differences within the summer season and between Mars years. These observations include differential brightening and/or darkening between polar areas from the end of the spring to midsummer. These differences are attributed to changes in grain size or dust content of surface ice. To better understand the summer behavior of the permanent northern polar cap, we perfomed a high resolution modeling (approximately 1 deg x 1 deg.) of northern cap in the Martian Climate/water cycle as simulated by the Laboratoire de Meteorologie Dynamique (LMD) global climate model. We compare the predicted properties of the surface ice (ice thickness, temperature) with the Mars Express Omega summer observations of the northern cap. albedo and thermal inertia svariations model. In particular, albedo variations could be constrained by OMEGA data. Meteorological predictions of the LMD GCM wil be presented at the conference to interpret the unprecedently resolved OMEGA observations. The specific evolution of regions of interest (cap center, Chasma Boreal...) and the possibility of late summer global cap brightening will be discussed.
    Keywords: Lunar and Planetary Science and Exploration
    Type: Lunar and Planetary Science XXXVI, Part 12; LPI-Contrib-1234-Pt-12
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  • 8
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    Toward an Improved Single-Particle Model for Large Irregular Grains (2002)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-10
    Description: To interpret remote spectral observations, scattering and absorption in a particulate surface are simulated via radiative transfer models. The standard model for this purpose among the planetary science community is the Hapke model. This model (like many others) uses two parameters to characterize the optical behavior of individual grains in a particulate surface, the single-scattering albedo omega and phase function p(g). These terms describe, respectively, the quantity and the angular distribution of light scattered by an individual grain. Unfortunately, these parameters are strictly optical. They can be rather difficult to interpret in terms of more interesting particle properties such as grain sizes, shapes, and compositions, that a remote sensing experiment might seek to discover. An equivalent slab approximation is typically used to relate omega to the grain size and optical constants of the material. This approach can mimic the wavelength-dependent absorption behavior of irregular grains, as long as the imaginary index kappa is much less than 1, the shape is equant, and the grain size D is much larger than the wavelength lambda. Unfortunately, the equivalent slab approach provides no information about p(g), which also has a strong dependence on optical constants and particle form.
    Keywords: Lunar and Planetary Science and Exploration
    Type: Solar System Remote Sensing; 19-20; LPI-Contrib-1129
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  • 9
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    Evidence for Methane Segregation at the Surface of Pluto (1999)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-10
    Description: In May 1995, a set of spectrophotometric curves of the system Pluto-Charon was recorded with the UKIRT telescope equipped with the spectrometer CGS4. As for the previous observations, the spectra cover a part of the near infrared range, between 1.4 and 2.55 micrometers, but with a higher resolution of approximately 700. In both the 1992 and 1995 data, the existence of solid methane is confirmed by numerous absorption bands, and the carbon monoxide and the nitrogen ices are identified by their respective signatures at 2.35 and 2.15 um. The solid nitrogen seems to be the principal icy component and forms a matrix in which the CH4 and CO molecules are diluted. However a spectroscopic analysis of the 1995 observations indicates that pure methane may coexist with its diluted phase in N2. In order to derive the horizontal and vertical distribution of these different species and to obtain some quantitative information about their characteristics, we have modeled the spectrum of May 15 that corresponds to the maximum of Pluto's visible light curve. This was achieved by means of a radiative transfer algorithm dealing with compact and stratified media. Among the various representations we have tested to describe the surface of Pluto, only a geographical mixture of three distinct units explains all the significant structures of the analyzed spectrum. The first unit is a thin granular layer of pure CH4 covering a compact polycrystalline substratum of N2-CH4-CO, which are in a molecular mixture (concentrations of and CO of the order of 0.45%, 0.1-0.2% respectively). It covers about 70% of the observed area and corresponds to volatile deposits that are sublimating under solar illumination. The second unit is either (a) a single thick layer of pure granular methane or (b) a unit similar to the first unit but with the two components inverted (i.e. with CH4 forming a substratum and the N2-CH4-CO mixture a superficial layer of fine grains). Covering 20% of the surface, it represents some old surfaces that have been sublimated for a long time, and eventually recovered later by very small amounts of fresh deposits of the molecular mixture N2-CH4-CO. Finally, the third unit may result from the condensation of very fine grains of nearly pure N2. It covers the remainder of the surface (about 10%). All these results allow a better understanding of the processes of deposition, metamorphism, sublimation and transport affecting the different ices detected on Pluto during its climatic cycles.
    Keywords: Lunar and Planetary Science and Exploration
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  • 10
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    Surface Compositions Across Pluto and Charon (2016)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: The Kuiper Belt hosts a swarm of distant, icy objects ranging in size from small, primordial planetesimals to much larger, highly evolved objects, representing a whole new class of previously unexplored cryogenic worlds. Pluto, the largest among them, along with its system of five satellites, has been revealed by NASAs New Horizons spacecraft flight through the system in July 2015, nearly a decade after its launch.
    Keywords: Lunar and Planetary Science and Exploration
    Type: GSFC-E-DAA-TN40514 , Science (ISSN 0036-8075) (e-ISSN 1095-9203); 351; 6279; aad9189
    Format: text
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