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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immunochemical studies of the cellulose synthase complex inAcetobacter xylinum (1996)
    Springer
    Cellulose 3 (1996), S. 63-75 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-882X
    Keywords: antibodies ; cellulose synthase ; Acetobacter xylinum
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract An immunochemical method was used to analyse the 83 and 93 Kd polypeptides of cellulose synthase from Acetobacter xylinum.Polyclonal antibodies were raised against the LDS-PAGE-fractionated 83 and 93 Kd polypeptides isolated from A. xylinum.Using these antibodies, the 83 and 93 Kd polypeptides were localized in the different fractions during purification of cellulose synthase, and the ratio of these two polypeptides was determined to be 1∶1. A differential solubilization of the 83 and 93 Kd polypeptides from the cell strongly suggested that the mechanism by which these two polypeptides originate from a single acsAB gene product (Saxena et al.,1994) must be via a post-translational cleavage. The results of trypsin treatment of the membrane fraction used in the purification of cellulose synthase were analysed to determine the fate of these two polypeptides and their relationship to the enzyme activity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02228791
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Division polarity, development and configuration of microtubule arrays in Bryophyte meiosis (1987)
    Springer
    Protoplasma 137 (1987), S. 84-99 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Keywords: Meiosis ; Microtubules ; Mitotic apparatus ; Immunofluorescence ; Spindle ; Bryophytes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Immunofluorescence and TEM studies of meiosis in two mosses (Bryophyta) provide evidence that the prophasic tetrahedral system of microtubules contributes directly to the metaphase I spindle. Intense staining of tubulin, conspicuously absent around the nuclear envelope, is first seen associated with plastids. By mid-prophase, microtubules radiate from the plastids to the nuclear envelope and become organized into six bands that interconnect the four plastids, forming a tetrahedral cytoskeleton surrounding the nucleus. During transition of prophase to metaphase, the four poles of the tetrahedral microtubule system converge in pairs toward opposite cleavage furrows. Opposite furrows occupy mutually perpendicular planes and the pair of microtubule focal points straddling one furrow lies at right angles to the pair straddling the opposite furrow. Additional microtubules terminate in numerous small clusters in the concave polar regions arching over the cleavage furrows. By early anaphase, the microtubule focal points lie very close to the division axis. We conclude that microtubules recruited from the prophasic quadripolar system are incorporated into the mature metaphase I spindle and the two principal focal points at each pole are those derived from poles of the prophasic quadripolar system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01281144
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Preprophasic microtubule systems and development of the mitotic spindle in hornworts (Bryophyta) (1988)
    Springer
    Protoplasma 143 (1988), S. 11-21 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Keywords: Bryophytes ; Immunofluorescence ; Microtubules ; Mitotic apparatus ; Monoplastidy ; Preprophase band
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Studies of monoplastidic mitosis in hornworts (Bryophyta) using transmission electron microscopy and indirect immunofluorescence staining of microtubules have revealed that two mutually perpendicular microtubule systems predict division polarity in preprophase. Events of cytoplasmic reorganization in preparation for division occur in the following order: migration of the single plastid to a position perpendicular to the division site, constriction of the plastid where its midpoint intersects the division site, development of an axial system of microtubules parallel to the elongating plastid isthmus, and appearance of an atypical preprophase band of microtubules (PPB). The PPB is asymmetrical with a tight band of microtubules on the side over the plastid isthmus and a broad band of widely spaced microtubules over the nucleus. The axial system contributes directly to development of the spindle. In prometaphase, the axial system separates at the equator and additional microtubule bundles project from polar regions, creating two opposing halfspindles. The PPB is still present during asymmetrical organization of the spindle and microtubules extending from the broad portion of the PPB to poles appear to be incorporated into the developing spindle. Dynamic changes in the microtubular cytoskeleton demonstrate (1) intimate relationship of plastid and nuclear division, (2) contribution of preprophase/prophase microtubule systems to spindle development in monoplastidic cells, and (3) dynamic reorientation of microtubules from one system to another.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01282954
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polar organizers mark division axis prior to preprophase band formation in mitosis of the hepaticReboulia hemisphaerica (Bryophyta) (1990)
    Springer
    Protoplasma 156 (1990), S. 74-81 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Keywords: Bryophytes ; Preprophase band ; Microtubules ; Mitotic apparatus ; Microtubule organizing center
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Changes in the pattern of microtubules during the cell cycle of the hepaticReboulia hemisphaerica (Bryophyta) were studied by indirect immunofluorescence using conventional and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). The first indication that a cell is preparing for division is fusiform shaping of the nucleus accompanied by the appearance of well-defined polar organizers (POs) at the future spindle poles. Microtubules emanating from the POs ensheath the nucleus and eventually develop into the half-spindles of mitosis. Some of the microtubules from each PO pass tangential to the nucleus and interact in the region of the future mitotic equator. A preprophase band (PPB) forms in this region later in prophase and coexists with the prophase spindle. Thus, the plane of division appears to be determined by interaction of opposing arrays of microtubules emanating from POs. Prometaphase is marked by disappearance of the POs, loss of astral microtubules, and conversion of the fusiform spindle of prophase to a truncated, barrel-shaped spindle more typical of higher plants. Restoration of cortical microtubules in daughter cell occurs on the cell side distal to the new cell plate, but nucleation of microtubules is associated with the nuclear envelope and not with organized POs. At the next division POs appear at opposite poles of preprophase nuclei with no evidence of division and migration that is characteristic of cells with centriolar centrosomes. These data lend additional support for the view that mitosis in hepatics is transitional between green algae and higher plants.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01666508
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Division polarity, development and configuration of microtubule arrays in bryophyte meiosis (1987)
    Springer
    Protoplasma 138 (1987), S. 1-10 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Keywords: Meiosis ; Microtubules ; Cytokinesis ; Immunofluorescence ; Bryophytes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary First and second division spindles and the three cell plates of moss meiosis are oriented in accordance with polarity established during meiotic prophase. Plastids are located at the second division poles and cytoplasmic infurrowing marks the planes along which the cytoplasm will cleave into four spores. Anaphase I spindles that terminate in two focal points of microtubules straddling opposite cleavage furrows reflect the unusual tetrahedral origin of the functionally bipolar spindle. The organelles (except for the plastids which remain in the four cytoplasmic lobes) are polarized in the first division equatorial region at the time of phragmoplast microtubule assembly and remain in a distinct band after microtubule disassembly. Prophasic spindles appear to be directly transformed into metaphase II spindles in the predetermined axes between mutually perpendicular pairs of plastids. Cell plates form by vesicle coalescence in the equatorial regions of the two sets of second division phragmoplasts at approximately the same time as a cell plate belatedly forms in the organelle band. The cytoplasmic markers (plastid migration, cytoplasmic lobing and infurrowing) that predict poles and cleavage planes in free cells lacking a preprophase band strongly strengthens the concept that division sites are capable of preserving preprogrammed signals that can be triggered later in the process of cell division.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01281179
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterizing the product crystals from a mixing tee process (1988)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 34 (1988), S. 2063-2068 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690341216
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Axial dispersion coefficient measurement in two-phase flow (1968)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 14 (1968), S. 657-658 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690140422
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Practical principles of die design - a simplified procedure, in table form, for rigid PVC (1981)
    Brookfield, Conn. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Vinyl and Additive Technology 3 (1981), S. 215-218 
    Details
    ISSN: 0193-7197
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: An approach to simplifying die design for rigid PVC is proposed. Previous work, in this area, has been considered too complicated to be of use to the average die designer. It is hoped that the provided information, simplified equations and tabular format can make it easier to achieve good dies for this important processing technique.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/vnl.730030404
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