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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bacterial deposition on and detachment from surfaces in turbulent flow (1989)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 33 (1989), S. 157-163 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A number of experimental studies on deposition and detachment of bacterial cells of Pseudomonas sp. was performed in an inclined plate apparatus 2.3 m long. In each run, ca. 108cells were introduced into a layer of flowing water at Reynolds numbers of ca. 1000 and 1300. After a preset time, the flow was stopped and the position of attached cells measured. Spatial pattern of attached cells was initially aggregative and remained so for lower flow rates. For higher flow rates the pattern tended towards randomness, perhaps as a result of cell detachment. Overall sticking efficiency of cells was very small (ca. 10-5).
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260330204
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of anions on metal adsorption by Rhizopus arrhizus biomass (1987)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 30 (1987), S. 882-886 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The presence of anions in solution was found to inhibit the uptake of La3+, Cd2+, Pb2+, UO2+2, and Ag+ by Rhizopus arrhizus biomass. The effects ranged from total inhibition of Cd2+ and Pb2+ uptake at equimolar concentrations of EDTA to no change in uptake of La3+ or UO2+2 at 12-fold molar excesses of Cl- or CO2-3. No anion was found to enhance metal uptake levels, and the degree of inhibition generally followed the series: \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$${\rm EDTA } \ge \ge {\rm SO}_{^{^{^{\rm 4} } } }^{{\rm 2} - } \ge {\rm Cl}^ - \ge {\rm PO}_{^{^{^{\rm 4} } } }^{{\rm 3} - } \ge {\rm glutamate} \ge {\rm CO}_{^{^{\rm 3} } }^{{\rm 2} - } $$\end{document} The chemical equilibrium model REDEQL2 was adapted to treat metal uptake by R. arrhizus biomass and used to predict the effects of anions in solution. Comparisons with the experimental results are made and discussed in light of the assumptions underlying the model.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260300711
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Development of computerized feedback control for the continuous phasing of Bacillus subtilis (1990)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 36 (1990), S. 539-545 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260360514
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Self-cycling fermentation in a stirred tank reactor (1993)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 42 (1993), S. 1175-1180 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: self-cycling fermentation ; secondary metabolite ; biosurfactant ; fermentation ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Self-cycling fermentations (SCFs) were conducted in a stirred tank apparatus using Bacillus subtilis and Acinetobacter calcoaceticus. The systems were very stable and the experiments lasted through many cycles. The variation of parameters such as biomass and doubling time from cycle to cycle was small. The stirred tank reactor (STR) allowed a much better control of the working volume in the fermentor from cycle to cycle, compared to the cyclone column, and it was not necessary to make periodic corrections.The production of surfactin from B. subtilis was achieved without extending the cycle time. The harvested broth at the end of each cycle was allowed to remain in a secondary vessel, at ambient temperature, before being collected. It is exhaustion of the limiting nutrient which causes an increase in dissolved oxygen (DO). At this point, the computer, which constantly monitors the DO, triggered the harvesting sequence to end the cycle. Thus, the mature culture in the secondary vessel experienced appropriate conditions for the production of the secondary metabolite. Meanwhile, the next batch of cells was being grown in the primary reactor.The response of a gas analyzer on the effluent paralleled that of the DO measurements in the fermentor. These data for oxygen and carbon dioxide exhibited less noise than the DO readings. Either would be a more reliable parameter for feedback control of the SCF because the problem of fouling of the DO probe after extended runs of many cycles would be eliminated. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260421007
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Antibiotic production by Streptomyces aureofaciens using self-cycling fermentation (1994)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 44 (1994), S. 1331-1336 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Streptomyces aureofaciens ; self cycling fermentation ; tetracycline production ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The self-cycling frementation (;rSCF) technique was applied to culture of Streptomyces aureofaciens. SCF is a method of continuous fermentation in which the metabolism of a microorganism is monitored by a measurement such as dissolved oxygen. These data are sent to a computer to allow it to control the system. Tetracycline production was observed only at exceedingly low iron concentrations in the growth medium. Repeatability of cycles was found to be dependent upon the presence of tetracycline in the fermentation broth as well as the strain of microorganism grown in the fermentor. Tetracycline was produced by an improved specific rate when compared to results in the literature for this organism grown using the batch method. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260441109
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Production of surfactant by Arthrobacter paraffineus ATCC 19558 (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 24 (1982), S. 165-175 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A. paraffineus ATCC 19558 grown in MMSM (modified mineral salts medium) containing hydrocarbon produced surfactant, with a maximum CMC-1 value obtained by using hexadecane as the carbon source. No activity of surface active agent in whole broth was observed when glucose was used in the MMSM instead of hexadecane. The biomass concentration obtained with glucose was about 40% of that obtained with hexadecane. Glucose (4%) in the medium contaning hexadecane caused a 27 and 21% decrease of biomass and surfactant concentrations, respectively. In the process of surfactant production, glucose can be used as a carbon source for growth, and hexadecane added later can serve for production of the surface active agent. The optimum temperature for production of surfactant is 27°C.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260240114
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effects of cation competition on metal adsorption by Rhizopus arrhizus biomass (1988)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 31 (1988), S. 282-286 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260310315
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of surfactants on cellulose hydrolysis (1993)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 42 (1993), S. 611-617 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: surfactant ; cellulose hydrolysis ; cellulase ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The effect of surfactants on the heterogeneous enzymatic hydrolysis of Sigmacell 100 cellulose and of steam-exploded wood was studied. Certain biosurfactants (sophorolipid, rhamnolipid, bacitracin) and Tween 80 increased the rate of hydrolysis of Sigmacell 100, as measured by the amount of reducing sugar produced, by as much as seven times. The hydrolysis of steam-exploded wood was increased by 67% in the presence of sophorolipid. At the same time, sophorolipid was found to decrease the amount of enzyme adsorbed onto the cellulose at equilibrium. Sophorolipid had the greatest effect on cellulose hydrolysis when it was present from the beginning of the experiment and when the enzyme/cellulose ratio was low. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260420509
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mathematical model of self-cycling fermentation (1995)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 46 (1995), S. 180-183 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: self-cycling fermentation ; mathematical model ; synchronous growth ; computer-controlled fermentation ; fermentation ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: This article presents a mathematical model for biomass, limiting substrate, and dissolved oxygen concentrations during stable operation of self-cycling fermentation (SCF). Laboratory experiments using the bacterium Acinetobacter calcoaceticus RAG-1 and ethanol as the limiting substrate were performed to validate the model. A computer simulation developed from the model successfully matched experimental SCF intracycle trends and end-of-cycle results and, most importantly, settled into an unimposed periodicity characteristic of stable SCF operation. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260460212
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hydrocarbon degradation by Acinetobacter calcoaceticus RAG-1 using the self-cycling fermentation technique (1992)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 40 (1992), S. 797-805 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: self-cycling fermentation ; continuous fermentation ; hydrocarbon degradation ; emulsan production ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The use of self-cycling fermentations (SCFs) as a method for dealing with insoluble carbon substrates was examined. The emulsan-producing Acinetobacter calcoaceticus RAG-1 was used as the test organism. Limiting concentrations of hexadecane, 1-hexadecene, or 1-chlorohexadecane were used as the carbon substrate. The parameters monitored were residual hydrocarbon concentration, cycle time (doubling time), biomass concentration and emulsan concentration. Cycle-to-cycle variations of the measured parameters were found to be samll. In all cases, no residual hydrocarbon was detected. The minimum dissolved oxygen concentration was found to correspond with the complete dissappearance of the carbon source. A correlation between minimum dissolved exygen concentration, biomass concentration, and emulsan concentration was noted, thus making it easy to determine when steady-state conditions had been reached with respect to biomass and emulsan concentrations. The specific emulsan and biomass yields were found to increase during early stages of the fermentation, attaining their respective maxima at steady-state. Foaming problems often associated with the complete utilization of the insoluble substrate were eliminated using SCF technology, because harvesting occurs immediately following carbon depletion. From the results, SCFs provide a convenient method by which to produce and harvest emulsan. © 1992 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260400707
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