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  • Chemistry  (20)
  • high pressure  (6)
  • Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics  (4)
  • Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling  (4)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International journal of thermophysics 15 (1994), S. 513-524 
    ISSN: 1572-9567
    Keywords: high pressure ; phase behavior ; thermal conductivity urea
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The thermal conductivity of the solid phases I and III of urea was measured at temperatures in the range 50–370 K for pressures up to 1 GPa. Phase III, previously detected only at pressures above 0.5 GPa, was observed here at low pressures ( 〈0.07 GPa) below about 230 K. Extrapolation of the I–III phase line indicates that phase III might be obtained at 218 K at atmospheric pressure and, consequently, that urea might exhibit two solid phases at atmospheric pressure. The temperature dependence of the thermal conductivity of both phase I and phase III could be described by the Debye model for thermal conductivity assuming phonon scattering by three phonon umklapp processes only. Despite a volume decrease at the I → III transition, the thermal conductivity decreased by about 20%. Normally, thermal conductivity increases at a phase transition at which volume decreases. This rather unusual behavior of urea might be due to an increase in the nearest-neighbor distance at the I → III transition.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International journal of thermophysics 15 (1994), S. 165-176 
    ISSN: 1572-9567
    Keywords: bulk modulus ; crude oil ; glass transition ; heat capacity ; high pressure ; thermal conductivity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The transitions to the glassy state in viscous crude oils have been investigated at high pressures by the transient hot-wire method, by differential scanning calorimetry, and by equation-of-state measurements. The range of pressures investigated was up to 1.2 GPa in the temperature interval 150–370 K. The glass transition in crude oils is a common phenomenon and occurs due to the viscosity increase on decreasing the temperature or increasing thepressure. The actual transition coordinates depend not only on physical properties but also on the characteristic experimental time.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International journal of thermophysics 6 (1985), S. 101-105 
    ISSN: 1572-9567
    Keywords: adiabatic compression ; calculational procedure ; high pressure ; specific heat capacity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract A procedure is described for calculating specific heat capacity under pressure, c p (T, P), from data for c p (T, 0) and adiabatic (∂T/∂P) s. The main advantage is that (∂T/∂P)s can be readily measured under high-pressure conditions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International journal of thermophysics 6 (1985), S. 353-365 
    ISSN: 1572-9567
    Keywords: high pressure ; sodium fluoride (NaF) ; thermal conductivity ; transient hot-wire method
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The thermal conductivity (λ) of solid NaF has been measured over the temperature (T) range 100–350 K and at pressures (P) up to 2.5 GPa, using the transient hot-wire method. Results for λ(T,P) could be described to a good approximation by the Leibfried-Schlömann formula. It was found that the isochoric temperature derivative of the thermal resistivity W (= λ−1) increased systematically with the mass ratio for the B1-type phases of the sodium and potassium halides.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International journal of thermophysics 2 (1981), S. 289-300 
    ISSN: 1572-9567
    Keywords: heat capacity ; high pressure ; silver chloride (AgCl) ; thermalconductivity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Using the transient hot-wire method, measurements were made for solid AgCl of both the thermal conductivity, λ, and the heat capacity per unit volume, ρc p, where ρ is the mass density. Measurements were made in the temperature range 100 to 400 K, and at pressures up to 2 GPa. c p(P, T) could be adequately described if the acoustic modes were represented by a Debye model and the optic modes by an Einstein model. Analysis of λ(T) showed that only the acoustic modes needed to be taken into account up to 300 K, but that the optic modes were increasingly effective in carrying heat at higher temperatures. λ(P) was adequately described by the Lawson formula, but not by the Leibfried-Schlömann formula, to which it is formally equivalent. Agreement with experiment could be achieved by two different modifications of the Leibfried-Schlömann formula, although neither has a firm theoretical basis.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International journal of thermophysics 2 (1981), S. 331-340 
    ISSN: 1572-9567
    Keywords: heat capacity ; high pressure ; silver bromide (AgBr) ; silver chloride (AgCl) ; thermal conductivity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The thermal conductivity, λ, and the heat capacity per unit volume, ρc p , have been measured for solid silver bromide (AgBr) using the transient hot-wire method. Measurements were made at temperatures in the range 100–400 K and at pressures up to 2 GPa. ρc p was found to be independent of temperature and pressure over these ranges. λ of AgBr was found to be similar to that of AgCl, which was measured previously. For AgBr, only acoustic phonons needed to be taken into account up to 340 K, but optic phonons probably carried some heat at higher temperatures. The Leibfried-Schlömann (LS) formula could describe the ratio λ(AgCl)/λ(AgBr), but not the ratio λ(1 GPa)/λ(0) for either substance. An empirical modification of the LS formula could describe the latter ratios but not the former. Further theoretical developments are required for understanding of λ(P) for even such relatively simple substances as AgCl and AgBr.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 3 (1957), S. 395-404 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 15 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 22 (1978), S. 497-510 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The thermal decomposition of fibrous cellulose powder from 275° to 340°C has been studied by thermogravimetry, scanning electron microscopy, krypton adsorption, and gas-chromatographic analysis of the gaseous products arising from pyrolysis in various oxidizing and inert atmospheres. The reaction kinetics fit a phase boundary model where the rate is controlled by the movement of an interface through a cylindrical particle and the principal kinetic parameters fit a compensation curve described previously for the decomposition of wood products. An explanation of the physical mechanism of pyrolysis is proposed which is consistent with the observed rate data and the structural changes observed by scanning electron microscopy.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 325 (1963), S. 191-195 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Using a dropping Bi electrode, the polarographic behaviour of heavy-metal ions in the molten LiCl—KCl eutectic has been investigated at 450°C. The half-wave potentials are communicated. An estimation of the Nernst factors shows that the Heyrovsky-Ilkovič equation is valid.
    Notes: Unter Verwendung einer tropfenden Wismutelektrode wird das polarographische Verhalten von Schwermetallionen im geschmolzenen LiCl—KCl-Eutektikum bei 450°C untersucht. Es werden die Halbstufenpotentiale ermittelt und an Hand der Nernst-Faktoren gezeigt, daß auch hier die Heyrovsky-Ilkovičsche Gleichung gilt.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 409 (1974), S. 106-114 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Katalytische Oxydation von Wasserstoff an NickeloxidenDie katalytische Oxydation von Wasserstoff an hochdispersen sowie gesinterten Nickeloxiden wurde mit einer statischen Methode untersucht und das Vorhandensein zweier verschiedener kinetischer Bereiche festgestellt. Zwischen 0 und 100°C war die anfängliche katalytische Aktivität nicht stationär, und eine stark vergiftende Wirkung des Reaktionsproduktes wurde bei allen Temperaturen bis zu 250°C beobachtet. Die Aktivierungsenergie der Reaktion, die auf den anfänglichen Reaktionsgeschwindigkeiten auf frisch entgasten Oxidoberflächen basiert, wies den kleinen Wert von 1-2 kcal . mol-1 bei beiden Präparaten auf. Im Temperaturbereich zwischen 250 und 350°C wurde eine stationär katalytische Aktivität beobachtet, und die Aktivierungsenergie der Reaktion lag bedeutend höher bei 12-15 kcal . mol-1.Der Wechsel in der Aktivierungsenergie wird mit der Wirkung von unterschiedlichen Sauerstoffarten der Katalysatoroberfläche, die in beiden Temperaturbereichen verschiedene Aktivitäten bei der Reaktion aufweisen, diskutiert. Eine Analogie zwischen der Kohlen- oxid- nnd Wasserstoffoxydation an Nickeloxid wird festgestellt sowie ein Kompensationseffekt für eine Reihe von Oxydationsreaktionen gezeigt.
    Notes: The catalytic oxidation of hydrogen on highly-dispersed and sintered nickel oxides has been studied by a static method and the existence of two different kinetic rcgions established. Between 0 and 100°C the initial catalytic activity was not ionary and a strong poisoning effect of the reaction product was observed at all temperatnres up to 250°C. The activation energy of the reaction based on the initial reaction rates on freshly- outgassed oxide surfaces had a low value of 1-2 kcal. mole-1 with both preparations. Between 250 and 350°C stationary catalytic activity was observed and the activation energy of the reaction was significantly higher, 12-14 kcal . mole-1.The change of the activation energy is discussed in terms of the participation in the reaction of oxygen species in the catalyst surface layer which have different reactivities in the two temperature regions. A close analogy is noted between the carbon monoxide and hydrogen oxidation reactions on nickel oxide and a compensation effect is illustrated for a series of oxidation reactions on the oxide.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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