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  • Behavior  (2)
  • Asteracea  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Non-host plant odor (Tanacetum vulgare; Asteracea) affects the reproductive behavior ofLobesia botrana Den. et Schiff (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) (1994)
    Springer
    Journal of insect behavior 7 (1994), S. 149-157 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8889
    Keywords: Tanacetum vulgare ; Tansy ; Lobesia botrana ; European grapevine moth ; Asteracea ; Lepidoptera ; Tortricidae ; oviposition ; behavior ; nonhost plant ; semiochemicals ; plant odor ; olfaction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Females ofLobesia botrana Den. et Schiff. (Lepidoptera Tortricidae) are attracted in natural conditions by volatiles released by a nonhost plant: tansy (Tanacetum vulgare L.; Asteracea). We have shown that both tansy flowers and their odor inhibit oviposition behavior and mating behavior and reduce adult longevity. The mean number of eggs laid per female isolated with tansy flowers was reduced by up to 50% every 2 days during the 6 days of exposure. This reduction was maintained after the tansy was removed. In the presence of tansy essential oil, the egg-laying reduction ranged from about 30 to 80% according to the odor concentration. The number of spermatophores found in females isolated with tansy flowers was also reduced twofold compared to the control treatment, indicating that the presence of tansy reduced mating activity. This mating activity is strongly reduced, by two-thirds, when adults face the highest dose of essential oil compared to controls. The number of eggs laid by the controls cannot be explained by the number of spermatophores. Therefore, the reduction in oviposition has been attributed to the presence of tansy flowers or to the tansy odor. Tansy flowers and tansy odor increased male mortality during the exposure (10% in the control, 50% in the tansy treatment, and up to 98% in the odor treatment). The highest rates of male mortality occurred during the 4- to 6-day period of exposure to flowers or odor. Repellence resulting in sustained locomotor activity is a possible cause of such a mortality. Female mortality was increased only in response to the highest dose of odor. This increase might be due to egg retention, and not directly to a plant effect. We discuss the effects of tansy flower odor on different patterns relative to the reproductive behavior ofL. botrana and, especially, on oviposition behavior in the ecological context of plant selection and polyphagy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01990077
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Egg dispersion in codling moth: Influence of egg extract and of its fatty acid constituents (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 21 (1995), S. 2015-2026 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Behavior ; Cydia pomonella ; oviposition ; pheromone ; synomone ; insect ; offspring dispersion ; fatty acids ; egg age ; Lepidoptera ; Tortricidae
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Codling moth females (Cydia pomonella, Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) (CM) usually lay single eggs and have a tendency to disperse. In a first experiment we observed that single females exposed to 20 apples distribute their eggs regularly among apples, suggesting a dispersive oviposition behavior. In a dual-choice situation, isolated females avoided oviposition on areas of cardboard treated with a methylene dichloride egg extract at the dose of ca. 1.0 egg equivalent/cm2. A strong avoidance was obtained in response to a 20-fold dose, which was accompanied by a significant reduction of total oviposition. Seven major compounds found by GC analyses in the methylene dichloride extract of 2 to 3-day-old eggs were saturated or unsaturated C14-C18 straight-chain fatty acids: myristic acid, palmitic acid, palmitoleic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, and linolenic acid. This was confirmed by GC-MS analysis of an extract made by ethyl ether. Smaller amounts of three methyl esters were also identified as methyl myristate, methyl palmitate, and methyl stearate. A blend of the seven fatty acids (FA) mimicked rather well the avoidance provoked by the extract, and this avoidance was confirmed by choice between treated and untreated fruits by single females. The treatment of apples with the 7FA mixture induced an aggregative distribution of the eggs among apples. We also found that the amounts of fatty acids harvested in the extract depend on the egg age. Amounts of fatty acids increased until eggs were 4 days old and then decreased before hatching. In this paper we discuss the possible role of simple molecules, such as fatty acids and their esters, as semiochemicals indicative of juvenile tissues.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02033859
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oviposition response ofLobesia botrana females to long-chain free fatty acids and esters from its eggs (1996)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 22 (1996), S. 161-171 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Behavior ; Lobesia botrana ; oviposition ; insect ; Tortricid ; Lepidoptera ; fatty acids
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Avoidance of occupied ovisposition sites supposes that females perceive information related to their own progency. Fatty acids identified from egg extracts have been reevaluated using a different extraction method, and we have investigated the dose-dependent oviposition response of European grape vine moths (Lobesia botrana) to myristic acid, palmitic acid, palmitoleic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, methyl palmitate, methyl oleate, and ethyl palmitate; all except ethyl palmitate have been identified from eggs ofL. botrana. A methylene dichloride extract of eggs fromL. botrana revealed the presence of saturated free fatty acids (myristic, palmitic, and stearic) and unsaturated acids (palmitoleic, oleic, linoleic, and linolenic) in amounts ranging from 3.9 ng/egg equivalent for myristic acid to 30 ng/egg equivalent for palmitic and oleic acids. The extract also contained traces of methyl palmitate and methyl stearate. The greatest avoidance indexes were observed in response to palmitic, palmitoleic, and oleic acids. All the other compounds tested caused weaker responses. A reduction in the number of eggs laid was observed when moths were exposed to each of the esters applied at 0.3 µg per application spot. Reduction in eggs laid was also observed at a 10-fold higher dose of oleic acid. The present results confirm that general and simple molecules can be involved in the regulation of oviposition site selection and that they may participate in chemical marking of the eggs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02040207
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