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  • Aphids  (1)
  • Climate change  (1)
  • Thermal budget  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Temperature change and complex dynamics (1997)
    Springer
    Oecologia 112 (1997), S. 543-550 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Keywords: Key words Nonlinear dynamics ; Time series analysis ; Models ; Aphids
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Density-dependent factors, such as population growth rate and migration, influence dynamic behaviour in ecological models. Temperature, an abiotic and density-independent factor, is also an important determinant of insect population growth. We investigated the endogenous dynamics of a density-dependent response-surface model that included temperature, based on time series for two aphid species. We investigated the effects of temperature and random noise on the model dynamics. In most cases, an increase in temperature resulted in a higher predicted equilibrium density; it could induce complex dynamics. Noise at the level of the natural variation in temperature resulted in extinctions in some models. Our results from these models indicate that aphid populations might become more abundant, and less stable in some circumstances, if there is climate warming.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004420050343
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of temperature elevation on a field population of Acyrthosiphon svalbardicum (Hemiptera: Aphididae) on Spitsbergen (1993)
    Springer
    Oecologia 96 (1993), S. 457-465 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Keywords: Aphid ; Arctic ; Climate change ; Life-cycle ; Thermal budget
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A manipulation experiment was carried out on a field population of the aphid Acyrthosiphon svalbardicum near Ny Ålesund, on the high arctic island of Spitsbergen, using cloches to raise temperature. An average rise in temperature of 2.8 deg. C over the summer season markedly advanced the phenology of both the host plant Dryas octopetala and the aphid. Advanced aphid phenology, with concomitant increases in reproductive output and survival, and successful completion of the life-cycle led to an eleven-fold increase in the number of overwintering eggs. Thermal budget requirements in day degrees above 0°C were calculated for key life-cycle stages of the aphid. Temperature data from Ny Ålesund over the past 23 years were used to calculate thermal budgets for the field site over the same period and these were compared with the requirements of the aphid. Each estimated thermal budget was then adjusted to simulate the effect of a +2, +4, and −2deg. C change in average temperature on aphid performance. This retrospective analysis (i) confirms that the life-cycle of A. svalbardicum is well suited to exploit higher summer temperatures, (ii) indicates that the annual success of local populations are sensitive to small changes in temperature and (iii) suggests that the aphid is living at the limits of its thermal range at Ny Ålesund based on its summer thermal budget requirements.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00320502
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