ALBERT

All Library Books, journals and Electronic Records Telegrafenberg

X
feed icon rss

Your email was sent successfully. Check your inbox.

An error occurred while sending the email. Please try again.

Proceed reservation?

Export
  • 1
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Drug-based modulation of endogenous stem cells promotes functional remyelination in vivo (2015)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-04-22
    Description: Multiple sclerosis involves an aberrant autoimmune response and progressive failure of remyelination in the central nervous system. Prevention of neural degeneration and subsequent disability requires remyelination through the generation of new oligodendrocytes, but current treatments exclusively target the immune system. Oligodendrocyte progenitor cells are stem cells in the central nervous system and the principal source of myelinating oligodendrocytes. These cells are abundant in demyelinated regions of patients with multiple sclerosis, yet fail to differentiate, thereby representing a cellular target for pharmacological intervention. To discover therapeutic compounds for enhancing myelination from endogenous oligodendrocyte progenitor cells, we screened a library of bioactive small molecules on mouse pluripotent epiblast stem-cell-derived oligodendrocyte progenitor cells. Here we show seven drugs function at nanomolar doses selectively to enhance the generation of mature oligodendrocytes from progenitor cells in vitro. Two drugs, miconazole and clobetasol, are effective in promoting precocious myelination in organotypic cerebellar slice cultures, and in vivo in early postnatal mouse pups. Systemic delivery of each of the two drugs significantly increases the number of new oligodendrocytes and enhances remyelination in a lysolecithin-induced mouse model of focal demyelination. Administering each of the two drugs at the peak of disease in an experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis mouse model of chronic progressive multiple sclerosis results in striking reversal of disease severity. Immune response assays show that miconazole functions directly as a remyelinating drug with no effect on the immune system, whereas clobetasol is a potent immunosuppressant as well as a remyelinating agent. Mechanistic studies show that miconazole and clobetasol function in oligodendrocyte progenitor cells through mitogen-activated protein kinase and glucocorticoid receptor signalling, respectively. Furthermore, both drugs enhance the generation of human oligodendrocytes from human oligodendrocyte progenitor cells in vitro. Collectively, our results provide a rationale for testing miconazole and clobetasol, or structurally modified derivatives, to enhance remyelination in patients.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4528969/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4528969/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Najm, Fadi J -- Madhavan, Mayur -- Zaremba, Anita -- Shick, Elizabeth -- Karl, Robert T -- Factor, Daniel C -- Miller, Tyler E -- Nevin, Zachary S -- Kantor, Christopher -- Sargent, Alex -- Quick, Kevin L -- Schlatzer, Daniela M -- Tang, Hong -- Papoian, Ruben -- Brimacombe, Kyle R -- Shen, Min -- Boxer, Matthew B -- Jadhav, Ajit -- Robinson, Andrew P -- Podojil, Joseph R -- Miller, Stephen D -- Miller, Robert H -- Tesar, Paul J -- F30 CA183510/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- F30CA183510/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- NS026543/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- NS030800/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- NS085246/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- P30 CA043703/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- P30CA043703/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 NS026543/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R01 NS030800/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R21 NS085246/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- T32 GM007250/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- T32 GM008056/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- T32GM008056/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- UL1 TR000439/TR/NCATS NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2015 Jun 11;522(7555):216-20. doi: 10.1038/nature14335. Epub 2015 Apr 20.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA. ; Department of Neurosciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA. ; 1] Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA [2] Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA [3] Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio 44195, USA. ; PerkinElmer, 940 Winter Street, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, USA. ; Center for Proteomics and Bioinformatics, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA. ; Drug Discovery Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio 45237, USA. ; National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, 9800 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, Maryland 20850, USA. ; Department of Microbiology-Immunology and Interdepartmental Immunobiology Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 303 E. Chicago Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA. ; 1] Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA [2] Department of Neurosciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25896324" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Differentiation/drug effects ; Cerebellum/drug effects/metabolism/pathology ; Clobetasol/*pharmacology ; Demyelinating Diseases/drug therapy/metabolism/pathology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/drug therapy/metabolism/pathology ; Female ; Germ Layers/drug effects/metabolism/pathology ; Humans ; Lysophosphatidylcholines ; MAP Kinase Signaling System ; Male ; Mice ; Miconazole/*pharmacology ; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases/metabolism ; Multiple Sclerosis/*drug therapy/*metabolism/pathology ; Myelin Sheath/*drug effects/*metabolism ; Oligodendroglia/cytology/drug effects/metabolism ; Phenotype ; Pluripotent Stem Cells/cytology/*drug effects/metabolism ; Receptors, Glucocorticoid/metabolism ; Regeneration/drug effects ; Tissue Culture Techniques
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 2
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Infectious prions in the saliva and blood of deer with chronic wasting disease (2006)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-10-07
    Description: A critical concern in the transmission of prion diseases, including chronic wasting disease (CWD) of cervids, is the potential presence of prions in body fluids. To address this issue directly, we exposed cohorts of CWD-naive deer to saliva, blood, or urine and feces from CWD-positive deer. We found infectious prions capable of transmitting CWD in saliva (by the oral route) and in blood (by transfusion). The results help to explain the facile transmission of CWD among cervids and prompt caution concerning contact with body fluids in prion infections.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mathiason, Candace K -- Powers, Jenny G -- Dahmes, Sallie J -- Osborn, David A -- Miller, Karl V -- Warren, Robert J -- Mason, Gary L -- Hays, Sheila A -- Hayes-Klug, Jeanette -- Seelig, Davis M -- Wild, Margaret A -- Wolfe, Lisa L -- Spraker, Terry R -- Miller, Michael W -- Sigurdson, Christina J -- Telling, Glenn C -- Hoover, Edward A -- N01-AI-25491/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 Oct 6;314(5796):133-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biological Sciences (CVMBS), Colorado State University (CSU), Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17023660" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Brain Chemistry ; Cohort Studies ; *Deer/blood ; Feces/chemistry ; Lymphoid Tissue/chemistry ; Prions/*analysis/*blood/urine ; Saliva/*chemistry ; Wasting Disease, Chronic/blood/*metabolism/*transmission
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 3
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Cell nonautonomous activation of flavin-containing monooxygenase promotes longevity and health span (2015)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-11-21
    Description: Stabilization of the hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) increases life span and health span in nematodes through an unknown mechanism. We report that neuronal stabilization of HIF-1 mediates these effects in Caenorhabditis elegans through a cell nonautonomous signal to the intestine, which results in activation of the xenobiotic detoxification enzyme flavin-containing monooxygenase-2 (FMO-2). This prolongevity signal requires the serotonin biosynthetic enzyme TPH-1 in neurons and the serotonin receptor SER-7 in the intestine. Intestinal FMO-2 is also activated by dietary restriction (DR) and is necessary for DR-mediated life-span extension, which suggests that this enzyme represents a point of convergence for two distinct longevity pathways. FMOs are conserved in eukaryotes and induced by multiple life span-extending interventions in mice, which suggests that these enzymes may play a critical role in promoting health and longevity across phyla.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Leiser, Scott F -- Miller, Hillary -- Rossner, Ryan -- Fletcher, Marissa -- Leonard, Alison -- Primitivo, Melissa -- Rintala, Nicholas -- Ramos, Fresnida J -- Miller, Dana L -- Kaeberlein, Matt -- P30AG013280/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- R00AGA0033050/PHS HHS/ -- R01AG038518/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- T32AG000057/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Dec 11;350(6266):1375-8. doi: 10.1126/science.aac9257. Epub 2015 Nov 19.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA. ; Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA. ; Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA. kaeber@uw.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26586189" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors/metabolism ; Caenorhabditis elegans/genetics/metabolism/*physiology ; Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins/chemistry/genetics/metabolism/*physiology ; Diet ; Intestines/*enzymology ; Longevity/genetics/*physiology ; Mice ; Neurons/*metabolism ; Oxygenases/genetics/*physiology ; Protein Stability ; RNA Interference ; Receptors, Serotonin/metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Transcription Factors/chemistry/*metabolism ; Tryptophan Hydroxylase/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 4
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Temperature Structure in the Perseus Cluster Core Observed with Hitomi (2018)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: The present paper investigates the temperature structure of the X-ray emitting plasma in the core of the Perseus cluster using the 1.8-20.0 keV data obtained with the Soft X-ray Spectrometer (SXS) onboard the Hitomi Observatory. A series of four observations were carried out, with a total effective exposure time of 338 ks and covering a central region _ 7 in diameter. The SXS was operated with an energy resolution of _5 eV (full width at half maximum) at 5.9 keV. Not only fine structures of K-shell lines in He-like ions but also transitions from higher principal quantum numbers are clearly resolved from Si through Fe. This enables us to perform temperature diagnostics using the line ratios of Si, S, Ar, Ca, and Fe, and to provide the first direct measurement of the excitation temperature and ionization temperature in the Perseus cluster. The observed spectrum is roughly reproduced by a single temperature thermal plasma model in collisional ionization equilibrium, but detailed line ratio diagnostics reveal slight deviations from this approximation. In particular, the data exhibit an apparent trend of increasing ionization temperature with increasing atomic mass, as well as small differences between the ionization and excitation temperatures for Fe, the only element for which both temperatures can be measured. The best-fit two-temperature models suggest a combination of 3 and 5 keV gas, which is consistent with the idea that the observed small deviations from a single temperature approximation are due to the effects of projection of the known radial temperature gradient in the cluster core along the line of sight. Comparison with the Chandra/ACIS and the XMM-Newton/RGS results on the other hand suggests that additional lower-temperature components
    Keywords: Astrophysics
    Type: GSFC-E-DAA-TN54095 , Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan (ISSN 0004-6264) (e-ISSN 2053-051X); 70; 2
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 5
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    GRS 1739-278 Observed at Very Low Luminosity with XMM-Newton and NuSTAR (2016)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: We present a detailed spectral analysis of XMM-Newton and NuSTAR observations of the accreting transient black hole GRS1739278 during a very faint low hard state at 0.02% of the Eddington luminosity (for a distance of 8.5 kpc and a mass of 10 solar mass). The broadband X-ray spectrum between 0.5 and 60 keV can be well-described by a power-law continuum with an exponential cutoff. The continuum is unusually hard for such a low luminosity, with a photon index of =1.39+/-0.04. We find evidence for an additional reflection component from an optically thick accretion disk at the 98% likelihood level. The reflection fraction is low, with R(sub refl) = 0.043(exp + 0.033)(sub - 0.023). In combination with measurements of the spin and inclination parameters made with NuSTAR during a brighter hard state by Miller et al., we seek to constrain the accretion disk geometry. Depending on the assumed emissivity profile of the accretion disk, we find a truncation radius of 15-35 R(sub g) (5-12 R(sub ISCO)) at the 90% confidence limit. These values depend strongly on the assumptions and we discuss possible systematic uncertainties.
    Keywords: Astrophysics
    Type: GSFC-E-DAA-TN60680 , The Astrophysical Journal (ISSN 0004-637X) (e-ISSN 1538-4357); 832; 2; 115
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 6
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    The LOFT Mission Concept - A Status Update (2016)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: The Large Observatory For x-ray Timing (LOFT) is a mission concept which was proposed to ESA as M3 and M4 candidate in the framework of the Cosmic Vision 2015-2025 program. Thanks to the unprecedented combination of effective area and spectral resolution of its main instrument and the uniquely large field of view of its wide field monitor, LOFT will be able to study the behaviour of matter in extreme conditions such as the strong gravitational field in the innermost regions close to black holes and neutron stars and the supra-nuclear densities in the interiors of neutron stars. The science payload is based on a Large Area Detector (LAD, is greater than 8m2 effective area, 2-30 keV, 240 eV spectral resolution, 1 degree collimated field of view) and a Wide Field Monitor (WFM, 2-50 keV, 4 steradian field of view, 1 arcmin source location accuracy, 300 eV spectral resolution). The WFM is equipped with an on-board system for bright events (e.g., GRB) localization. The trigger time and position of these events are broadcast to the ground within 30 s from discovery. In this paper we present the current technical and programmatic status of the mission.
    Keywords: Astrophysics
    Type: GSFC-E-DAA-TN44111 , SPIE Astronomical Telescopes + Instrumentation; Jun 26, 2016 - Jul 01, 2016; Edinburgh, Scotland; United Kingdom|Space Telescopes and Instrumentation 2016: Ultraviolet to Gamma Ray; 9905; 99051R
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 7
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Arcus: The X-Ray Grating Spectrometer Explorer (2016)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Arcus will be proposed to the NASA Explorer program as a free-flying satellite mission that will enable high-resolution soft X-ray spectroscopy (8-50 Angstroms) with unprecedented sensitivity-effective areas of greater than 500 sq cm and spectral resolution greater than 2500. The Arcus key science goals are (1) to determine how baryons cycle in and out of galaxies by measuring the effects of structure formation imprinted upon the hot gas that is predicted to lie in extended halos around galaxies, groups, and clusters, (2) to determine how black holes influence their surroundings by tracing the propagation of out-flowing mass, energy and momentum from the vicinity of the black hole out to large scales and (3) to understand how accretion forms and evolves stars and circumstellar disks by observing hot infalling and outflowing gas in these systems. Arcus relies upon grazing incidence silicon pore X-ray optics with the same 12m focal length (achieved using an extendable optical bench) that will be used for the ESA Athena mission. The focused X-rays from these optics will then be diffracted by high-efficiency off-plane reflection gratings that have already been demonstrated on sub-orbital rocked flights, imaging the results with flight-proven CCD detectors and electronics. The power and telemetry requirements on the spacecraft are modest. The majority of mission operations will not be complex, as most observations will be long (~100 ksec), uninterrupted, and pre-planned, although there will be limited capabilities to observe targets of opportunity, such as tidal disruption events or supernovae with a 3-5 day turnaround. After the end of prime science, we plan to allow guest observations to maximize the science return of Arcus to the community.
    Keywords: Astrophysics
    Type: GSFC-E-DAA-TN43826 , Space Telescopes and Instrumentation 2016; Edinburgh; United Kingdom|Proceedings of SPIE (ISSN 0277-786X); 9905; 99054M
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Collapse of species boundaries in the wild potatoSolanum brevicaule complex (Solanaceae, S. sect.Petota): Molecular data (1999)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 214 (1999), S. 103-130 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Keywords: Solanaceae ; sect.Petota ; Solanum brevicaule ; Domestication ; hybridization ; potatoes ; systematics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract TheSolanum brevicaule complex is a group of morphologically very similar wild and cultivated potato taxa (Solanum sect.Petota). This study uses single to low-copy nuclear RFLPs and RAPDs to investigate their species boundaries and relationships. Cladistic analyses of both data sets are largely concordant with each other and with a recently published phenetic analyses of the same accessions using morphology. All three data sets separate members of the complex into populations from Peru and immediately adjacent northwestern Bolivia, including most cultivated species accessions, and populations from northwestern Bolivia to Argentina. The molecular results suggest that the complex is paraphyletic as currently circumscribed. Many species of theS. brevicaule complex should be relegated to synonymy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00985734
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 9
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    A cyclic antimicrobial peptide produced in primate leukocytes by the ligation of two truncated alpha-defensins (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-10-16
    Description: Analysis of rhesus macaque leukocytes disclosed the presence of an 18-residue macrocyclic, tridisulfide antibiotic peptide in granules of neutrophils and monocytes. The peptide, termed rhesus theta defensin-1 (RTD-1), is microbicidal for bacteria and fungi at low micromolar concentrations. Antibacterial activity of the cyclic peptide was threefold greater than that of an open-chain analog, and the cyclic conformation was required for antimicrobial activity in the presence of 150 millimolar sodium chloride. Biosynthesis of RTD-1 involves the head-to-tail ligation of two alpha-defensin-related nonapeptides, requiring the formation of two new peptide bonds. Thus, host defense cells possess mechanisms for synthesis and granular packaging of macrocyclic antibiotic peptides that are components of the phagocyte antimicrobial armamentarium.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Tang, Y Q -- Yuan, J -- Osapay, G -- Osapay, K -- Tran, D -- Miller, C J -- Ouellette, A J -- Selsted, M E -- AI22931/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- DK33506/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- DK44632/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Oct 15;286(5439):498-502.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10521339" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Anti-Infective Agents/chemistry/*metabolism/pharmacology ; Bacteria/drug effects ; Cloning, Molecular ; Defensins ; Disulfides/chemistry ; Fungi/drug effects ; Humans ; Leukopoiesis ; Macaca mulatta ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Monocytes/*metabolism ; Neutrophils/*metabolism ; Oligopeptides/chemistry/genetics/metabolism ; Osmolar Concentration ; Peptides, Cyclic/*biosynthesis/chemistry/genetics/pharmacology ; *Protein Biosynthesis ; Protein Conformation ; Protein Precursors/chemistry/genetics/metabolism ; Protein Processing, Post-Translational ; Proteins/chemistry/genetics/pharmacology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 10
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Language discrimination by human newborns and by cotton-top tamarin monkeys (2000)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2000-04-15
    Description: Humans, but no other animal, make meaningful use of spoken language. What is unclear, however, is whether this capacity depends on a unique constellation of perceptual and neurobiological mechanisms or whether a subset of such mechanisms is shared with other organisms. To explore this problem, parallel experiments were conducted on human newborns and cotton-top tamarin monkeys to assess their ability to discriminate unfamiliar languages. A habituation-dishabituation procedure was used to show that human newborns and tamarins can discriminate sentences from Dutch and Japanese but not if the sentences are played backward. Moreover, the cues for discrimination are not present in backward speech. This suggests that the human newborns' tuning to certain properties of speech relies on general processes of the primate auditory system.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ramus, F -- Hauser, M D -- Miller, C -- Morris, D -- Mehler, J -- P51RR00168-37/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2000 Apr 14;288(5464):349-51.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Laboratoire de Sciences Cognitives et Psycholinguistique, l'Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales/Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 54 Boulevard Raspail, 75006 Paris, France. f.ramus@ucl.ac.uk〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10764650" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cues ; Habituation, Psychophysiologic ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; *Language Development ; Saguinus ; *Speech Perception
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
Close ⊗
This website uses cookies and the analysis tool Matomo. More information can be found here...