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  • 1
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    Thermoregulation and heat exchange in a nonuniform thermal environment during simulated extended EVA. Extravehicular activities (2000)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Description: BACKGROUND: Nonuniform heating and cooling of the body, a possibility during extended duration extravehicular activities (EVA), was studied by means of a specially designed water circulating garment that independently heated or cooled the right and left sides of the body. The purpose was to assess whether there was a generalized reaction on the finger in extreme contradictory temperatures on the body surface, as a potential heat status controller. METHOD: Eight subjects, six men and two women, were studied while wearing a sagittally divided experimental garment with hands exposed in the following conditions: Stage 1 baseline--total body garment inlet water temperature at 33 degrees C; Stage 2--left side inlet water temperature heated to 45 degrees C; right side cooled to 8 degrees C; Stage 3--left side inlet water temperature cooled to 8 degrees C, right side heated to 45 degrees C. RESULTS: Temperatures on each side of the body surface as well as ear canal temperature (Tec) showed statistically significant Stage x Side interactions, demonstrating responsiveness to the thermal manipulations. Right and left finger temperatures (Tfing) were not significantly different across stages; their dynamic across time was similar. Rectal temperature (Tre) was not reactive to prevailing cold on the body surface, and therefore not informative. Subjective perception of heat and cold on the left and right sides of the body was consistent with actual temperature manipulations. CONCLUSIONS: Tec and Tre estimates of internal temperature do not provide accurate data for evaluating overall thermal status in nonuniform thermal conditions on the body surface. The use of Tfing has significant potential in providing more accurate information on thermal status and as a feedback method for more precise thermal regulation of the astronaut within the EVA space suit.
    Keywords: Man/System Technology and Life Support
    Type: Aviation, space, and environmental medicine (ISSN 0095-6562); Volume 71; 6; 579-85
    Format: text
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  • 2
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    Ridge-trench collision in Archean and Post-Archean crustal growth: Evidence from southern Chile (1988)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-08-29
    Description: The growth of continental crust at convergent plate margins involves both continuous and episodic processes. Ridge-trench collision is one episodic process that can cause significant magmatic and tectonic effects on convergent plate margins. Because the sites of ridge collision (ridge-trench triple junctions) generally migrate along convergent plate boundaries, the effects of ridge collision will be highly diachronous in Andean-type orogenic belts and may not be adequately recognized in the geologic record. The Chile margin triple junction (CMTJ, 46 deg S), where the actively spreading Chile rise is colliding with the sediment-filled Peru-Chile trench, is geometrically and kinematically the simplest modern example of ridge collision. The south Chile margin illustrates the importance of the ridge-collision tectonic setting in crustal evolution at convergent margins. Similarities between ridge-collision features in southern Chile and features of Archean greenstone belts raise the question of the importance of ridge collision in Archean crustal growth. Archean plate tectonic processes were probably different than today; these differences may have affected the nature and importance of ridge collision during Archean crustal growth. In conclusion, it is suggested that smaller plates, greater ridge length, and/or faster spreading all point to the likelihood that ridge collision played a greater role in crustal growth and development of the greenstone-granite terranes during the Archean. However, the effects of modern ridge collision, and the processes involved, are not well enough known to develop specific models for the Archean ridge collison.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Lunar and Planetary Inst., Workshop on the Growth of Continental Crust; p 110-111
    Format: text
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  • 3
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    Fall Freeze-up of Sea Ice in the Beaufort-Chukchi Seas Using ERS-1 SAR and Buoy Data (1993)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-06-08
    Description: The lowering of air temperatures below freezing in the fall indicates the end of summer melt and the onset of steady sea ice growth. The thickness and condition of ice that remains at the end of summer has ramifications for the thickness that that ice will attain at the end of the following winter. This period also designates a shifting of key fluxes from upper ocean freshening from ice melt to increased salinity from brine extraction during ice growth. This transitional period has been examined in the Beaufort and Chukchi Seas using ERS-1 SAR imagery and air temperatures from drifting buoys during 1991 and 1992. The SAR imagery is used to examine the condition and types of ice present in this period. Much of the surface melt water has drained off at this time. Air temperatures from drifting buoys coincident in time and within 100 km radius of the SAR imagery have been obtained...
    Keywords: Geophysics
    Type: EOS American Geophysical Union
    Format: text
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  • 4
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    Corrosion problems associated with the use of titanium fasteners to connect aluminum components (1963)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-05-21
    Description: Corrosion problems associated with use of titanium fasteners to connect aluminum components
    Keywords: COMMUNICATIONS
    Type: NASA-TM-X-51167 , MTP-P&VE-M-63-13
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 5
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    Electrical Breakdown in a Martian Gas Mixture (2003)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-10-02
    Description: The high probability for dust interactions during Martian dust storms and dust devils combined with the cold, dry climate of Mars most likely result in airborne dust that is highly charged. On Earth, potential gradients up to 5 kV/m have been recorded and in some cases resulted in lightning. Although the Martian atmosphere is not conducive to lightning generation, it is widely believed that electrical discharge in the form of a corona occurs. In order to understand the breakdown of gases, Paschen measurements are taken which relate the minimum potential required to spark across a gap between two electrodes. The minimum potential is plotted versus the pressure-distance value for electrodes of a given geometry. For most gases, the potential decreases as the pressure decreases. For CO2, the minimum in the curve happens to be at Mars atmospheric pressures (5-7 mm Hg) for many distances and geometries. However, a very small amount (〈0.1%) of mixing gases radically changes the curve, as noted by Leach. Here, we present the first experimental results of a Paschen curve for a Mars gas mixture compared with 100% pure CO2.
    Keywords: Lunar and Planetary Science and Exploration
    Type: Lunar and Planetary Science XXXIV; LPI-Contrib-1156
    Format: text
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  • 6
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    Galvanic corrosion of aluminum assemblies by stainless steel wire inserts (1966)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-05-29
    Description: Galvanic corrosion of aluminum assemblies by stainless steel wire inserts
    Keywords: MATERIALS, METALLIC
    Type: NASA-TM-X-53404
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 7
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    Analysis of an F.M. Discriminator with Fading Signal plus Additive Gaussian Noise (1965)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-05-29
    Description: Fading signal plus additive Gaussian noise applied to frequency modulation discriminator for determining fading effects on threshold
    Keywords: COMMUNICATIONS
    Type: NASA-CR-75544
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 8
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    Two-dimensional viscous flow computations of hypersonic scramjet nozzle flowfields at design and off-design conditions (1988)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The PARC2D code has been selected to analyze the flowfields of a representative hypersonic scramjet nozzle over a range of flight conditions from Mach 3 to 20. The flowfields, wall pressures, wall skin friction values, heat transfer values and overall nozzle performance are presented.
    Keywords: AIRCRAFT PROPULSION AND POWER
    Type: AIAA PAPER 88-3280
    Format: text
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  • 9
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    Two-dimensional viscous flow computations of hypersonic scramjet nozzle flowfields at design and off-design conditions (1988)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The PARC2D code has been selected to analyze the flowfields of a representative hypersonic scramjet nozzle over a range of flight conditions from Mach 3 to 20. The flowfields, wall pressures, wall skin friction values, heat transfer values and overall nozzle performance are presented.
    Keywords: AIRCRAFT PROPULSION AND POWER
    Type: NASA-CR-182150 , E-4190 , NAS 1.26:182150
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 10
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    X-ray emission possibly coincident with the radio tail of PKS 0301 - 123 (1985)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: X-ray, radio, and optical observations are reported for a very poor cluster of galaxies containing the radio source PKS 0301 - 123. A long, 100,000 second X-ray observation using the Einstein Observatory's IPC resulted in the serendipitous discovery of a peculiar extended X-ray morphology associated with the poor cluster. The X-ray emission is extended in the same direction and is approximately the same length as the radio-tailed source, PKS 0301 - 123, which was mapped at 6 and 20 cm with the VLA. Optical redshift observations with the KPNO IIDS on the 2.1 m telescope confirm the identification of the X-ray and radio emission with the poor cluster at z = 0.1. It is argued that the X-ray extension is unlikely to be a chance coincidence of a background source projected onto the foreground cluster. Therefore, four possible mechanisms which might physically link the X-ray and radio emission are considered: thermal bremsstrahlung from a cluster with a flattened potential well; inverse Compton scattering of the relativistic electrons in the radio source, X-ray synchrotron radiation; and heating the cluster gas by the turbulent wake of the radio galaxy. The prospects for future observations of such X-ray/radio coincidences are briefly discussed.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: Astrophysical Journal, Part 1 (ISSN 0004-637X); 291; 611-620
    Format: text
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