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  • ASTRONOMY  (12)
  • Life Sciences (General)  (11)
  • AEROSPACE MEDICINE  (10)
  • 1
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    Initial clinical experience of real-time three-dimensional echocardiography in patients with ischemic and idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (1999)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Description: The geometry of the left ventricle in patients with cardiomyopathy is often sub-optimal for 2-dimensional ultrasound when assessing left ventricular (LV) function and localized abnormalities such as a ventricular aneurysm. The aim of this study was to report the initial experience of real-time 3-D echocardiography for evaluating patients with cardiomyopathy. A total of 34 patients were evaluated with the real-time 3D method in the operating room (n = 15) and in the echocardiographic laboratory (n = 19). Thirteen of 28 patients with cardiomyopathy and 6 other subjects with normal LV function were evaluated by both real-time 3-D echocardiography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for obtaining LV volumes and ejection fractions for comparison. There were close relations and agreements for LV volumes (r = 0.98, p 〈0.0001, mean difference = -15 +/- 81 ml) and ejection fractions (r = 0.97, p 〈0.0001, mean difference = 0.001 +/- 0.04) between the real-time 3D method and MRI when 3 cardiomyopathy cases with marked LV dilatation (LV end-diastolic volume 〉450 ml by MRI) were excluded. In these 3 patients, 3D echocardiography significantly underestimated the LV volumes due to difficulties with imaging the entire LV in a 60 degrees x 60 degrees pyramidal volume. The new real-time 3D echocardiography is feasible in patients with cardiomyopathy and may provide a faster and lower cost alternative to MRI for evaluating cardiac function in patients.
    Keywords: Life Sciences (General)
    Type: The American journal of cardiology (ISSN 0002-9149); Volume 84; 9; 1068-73
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  • 2
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    [Measurement of left atrial and ventricular volumes in real-time 3D echocardiography. Validation by nuclear magnetic resonance] (2001)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Description: The measurement of the left ventricular ejection fraction is important for the evaluation of cardiomyopathy and depends on the measurement of left ventricular volumes. There are no existing conventional echocardiographic means of measuring the true left atrial and ventricular volumes without mathematical approximations. The aim of this study was to test anew real time 3-dimensional echocardiographic system of calculating left atrial and ventricular volumes in 40 patients after in vitro validation. The volumes of the left atrium and ventricle acquired from real time 3-D echocardiography in the apical view, were calculated in 7 sections parallel to the surface of the probe and compared with atrial (10 patients) and ventricular (30 patients) volumes calculated by nuclear magnetic resonance with the simpson method and with volumes of water in balloons placed in a cistern. Linear regression analysis showed an excellent correlation between the real volume of water in the balloons and volumes given in real time 3-dimensional echocardiography (y = 0.94x + 5.5, r = 0.99, p 〈 0.001, D = -10 +/- 4.5 ml). A good correlation was observed between real time 3-dimensional echocardiography and nuclear magnetic resonance for the measurement of left atrial and ventricular volumes (y = 0.95x - 10, r = 0.91, p 〈 0.001, D = -14.8 +/- 19.5 ml and y = 0.87x + 10, r = 0.98, P 〈 0.001, D = -8.3 +/- 18.7 ml, respectively. The authors conclude that real time three-dimensional echocardiography allows accurate measurement of left heart volumes underlying the clinical potential of this new 3-D method.
    Keywords: Life Sciences (General)
    Type: Archives des maladies du coeur et des vaisseaux (ISSN 0003-9683); Volume 94; 1; 31-8
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  • 3
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    The Neurolab mission and biomedical engineering: a partnership for the future (1996)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Description: Over the last five years, with the advent of flights of U.S. Shuttle/Spacelab missions dedicated entirely to life sciences research, the opportunities for conducting serious studies that use a fully outfitted space laboratory to better understand basic biological processes have increased. The last of this series of Shuttle/Spacelab missions, currently scheduled for 1998, is dedicated entirely to neuroscience and behavioral research. The mission, named Neurolab, includes a broad range of experiments that build on previous research efforts, as well as studies related to less mature areas of space neuroscience. The Neurolab mission provides the global scientific community with the opportunity to use the space environment for investigations that exploit microgravity to increase our understanding of basic processes in neuroscience. The results from this premier mission should lead to a significant advancement in the field as a whole and to the opening of new lines of investigation for future research. Experiments under development for this mission will utilize human subjects as well as a variety of other species. The capacity to carry out detailed experiments on both human and animal subjects in space allows a diverse complement of studies that investigate functional changes and their underlying molecular, cellular, and physiological mechanisms. In order to conduct these experiments, a wide array of biomedical instrumentation will be used, including some instruments and devices being developed especially for the mission.
    Keywords: Life Sciences (General)
    Type: BME = Bio medical engineering / henshu, Nihon ME Gakkai (ISSN 0913-7556); Volume 10; 1; 11-25
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  • 4
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    A partial list of southern clusters of galaxies (1990)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: An inspection of 34 SRC/ESO J southern sky fields is the basis of the present list of clusters of galaxies and their approximate classifications in terms of cluster concentration, defined independently of richness and shape-symmetry. Where possible, an estimate of the cluster morphological population is provided. The Bautz-Morgan classification was applied using a strict comparison with clusters on the Palomar Sky Survey. Magnitudes were estimated on the basis of galaxies with photoelectric or photographic magnitudes.
    Keywords: ASTRONOMY
    Type: Astrophysics and Space Science (ISSN 0004-640X); 173; 2, No; 265-292
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  • 5
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    Medium energy gamma ray astronomy with transpacific balloon flights (1981)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: Transpacific balloon flights with the University of California, Riverside (UCR) double scatter telescope are discussed. With flight durations from 5 days up to perhaps 15 days the long observation times necessary for medium energy (1-30 MeV) gamma ray astronomy can be obtained. These flights would be made under the auspices of the Joint U.S.-Japan Balloon Flight Program at NASA. It is proposed that flights can provide at least 30 hours of observation time per flight for many discrete source candidates and 120 hours for detecting low intensity cosmic gamma ray bursts.
    Keywords: ASTRONOMY
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  • 6
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    A 1400-MHz survey of 1478 Abell clusters of galaxies (1982)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: Observations of 1478 Abell clusters of galaxies with the NRAO 91-m telescope at 1400 MHz are reported. The measured beam shape was deconvolved from the measured source Gaussian fits in order to estimate the source size and position angle. All detected sources within 0.5 corrected Abell cluster radii are listed, including the cluster number, richness class, distance class, magnitude of the tenth brightest galaxy, redshift estimate, corrected cluster radius in arcmin, right ascension and error, declination and error, total flux density and error, and angular structure for each source.
    Keywords: ASTRONOMY
    Type: Astronomical Journal; 87; Aug. 198
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  • 7
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    Cryogenic telescope on the Infrared Astronomical Satellite (IRAS) (1984)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: The Infrared Astronomical Satellite (IRAS) has completed an unbiased all-sky survey at wavelengths from 10 to 100 microns. The design and performance of the focal plane array is described with emphasis on in-orbit measurements of the sensitivity and stability. In the four broad spectral bands centered at 12, 25, 60, and 100 microns, the system noise equivalent flux density (NEFD) values are in Jy/(Square root of Hz), 0.03, 0.025, 0.046, and 0.21, respectively (Jansky = 10 to the -26th W/sq m/Hz). For point sources, a single scan at the survey rate of 3.8 arcmin/s yields limiting flux densities at the 3-sigma confidence level of 0.36, 0.30, 0.39, and 1.2 Jy. The dc stability of the junction field effect transistor (JFET) amplifiers and the excellent off-axis rejection of the telescope permit total flux measurements of extended infrared emission at levels below 6,000,000 Jy/sr. Response of the extrinsic silicon and germanium photo-detectors to ionizing radiation is described.
    Keywords: ASTRONOMY
    Type: Optical Engineering (ISSN 0091-3286); 23; 122-127
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  • 8
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    The Hubble Space Telescope high speed photometer (1988)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-08-31
    Description: The Hubble Space Telescope will provide the opportunity to perform precise astronomical photometry above the disturbing effects of the atmosphere. The High Speed Photometer is designed to provide the observatory with a stable, precise photometer with wide dynamic range, broad wavelenth coverage, time resolution in the microsecond region, and polarimetric capability. Here, the scientific requirements for the instrument are examined, the unique design features of the photometer are explored, and the improvements to be expected over the performance of ground-based instruments are projected.
    Keywords: ASTRONOMY
    Type: NASA, Ames Research Center, Second Workshop on Improvements to Photometry; p 1-15
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 9
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    Evaluation of a 256 x 256 Si:As IBC detector array for astronomy (1994)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-04-02
    Description: 256 x 256-element IBC Si:As arrays have been evaluated for applications in IR astronomy from space-borne platforms. Basic figures of merit were measured at IR flux levels simulating those expected in space-based astronomical observations. Results include dark current less than 20 e(-)/s, G-eta as high as 3.8, eta/beta of 20%, and read noise below 100 rms(e(-)).
    Keywords: ASTRONOMY
    Type: Experimental Astronomy (ISSN 0922-6435); 3; 1-4; p. 167-168
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  • 10
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    SC 2059-247 - An unusual radio/X-ray source in a distant cluster of galaxies (1981)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The X-ray, optical and radio properties of a high redshift, Bautz-Morgan type I cluster of galaxies, namely SC 2059-247, are examined. This cluster is optically dominated by a cD galaxy with a powerful flat-spectrum radio source coincident with the possibly stellar nucleus. Two possible interpretations are suggested for the apparently soft X-ray spectrum of the extremely luminous cluster. Either the intracluster gas is much cooler in high-redshift clusters because they are less relaxed, or the X-ray and radio emissions from SC 2059-247 are the result of a nonthermal QSO/BL Lac type object in the nucleus of the cD. If the latter, it would be the first time that an X-ray source similar to a quasar or BL Lac object has been discovered in a previously identified galaxy.
    Keywords: ASTRONOMY
    Type: Astrophysical Journal; vol. 245
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