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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genotoxicity studies with chloroethane
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology 322 (1994), S. 33-44 
    Details
    ISSN: 0165-1218
    Keywords: B6C3F1 mouse ; CHO cells ; Chloroethane ; HPRT ; In vivo/in vitro UDS ; Micronucleus test ; [abr] CHO, Chinese hamster ovary ; [abr] CPA, cyclophosphamide ; [abr] DMN, dimethyl nitrosamine ; [abr] DMSO, dimethyl sulfoxide ; [abr] EC1, chloroethane ; [abr] EMS, ethyl methanesulfonate ; [abr] FCS, fetal calf serum ; [abr] FG-GBC, fast garnet GBC ; [abr] GSH, glutathione ; [abr] HPRT, hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase ; [abr] MCA, 3-methylcholanthrene ; [abr] NCE, normochromatic erythrocyte ; [abr] NG, net grain ; [abr] PCE, polychromatic erythrocyte ; [abr] PE, plating efficiency ; [abr] SD, standard deviation ; [abr] UDS, unscheduled DNA synthesis
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0165-1218(94)90030-2
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Magneto-Raman scattering inp-type indium antimonide (1977)
    Springer
    Applied physics 14 (1977), S. 155-159 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.65 ; 71.20
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract We report for the first time stimulated magneto-Raman scattering inp-type InSb. Two different Raman scattering processes were observed. The first one has a Raman shift of about 2cm−1/kG and is observed at magnetic fields up to 30kG. The other one is observable only at high magnetic fields above 30kG and shows Raman shifts between 1.2cm−1 and 3.0cm−1 with a tuning rate of about 0.2cm−1/kG. The first process can be interpreted either as spin-flip Raman scattering by photo-excited electrons in the conduction band or as Raman scattering by holes in the valence band involving transitions from heavy to light hole states. The other Raman shift observed seems to occur on account of transitions between the heavy hole ladders.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00883083
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Raman-gain, linewidth, and effectiveg-value with spin-flip-Raman scattering in inSb (1978)
    Springer
    Applied physics 15 (1978), S. 53-57 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 71.20 ; 42.65
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract In this paper we report on measurements of spin-flip-Raman gain inn-InSb as a function of the magnetic field. The measurements were carried out at temperatures of 1.8 K and 4.2 K and at a carrier concentration of 1.35×1015 cm−3. The Raman cross sections obtained from these results, e.g. 1.25×10−20 cm2/sr at a magnetic field of 10 kG and a pump frequency of 1884.35 cm−1, agree very well with those theoretically predicted by Wherrett and Wolland. Furthermore, these measurements yield line shapes and linewidths of the spontaneous scattering (100–1500 MHz) and allow the determination of the effectiveg-value with an accuracy known from ESR-investigations. These results are discussed in terms of already published theoretical investigations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00896890
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Über die Silicatanionenkonstitution in Tetraethylammoniumsilicaten und ihren wäßrigen Lösungen (1980)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 465 (1980), S. 15-33 
    Details
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: On the Constitution of Silicate Anions in Tetraethylammonium Silicates and their Aqueous SolutionsInvestigations by paperchromatography, 29Si-NMR spectroscopy and trimethylsilylation method show that concentrated solutions of tetraethylammonium (TEA) silicates with molar TEA:Si ratios from 2.8 to 1 contain mainly double three-ring silicate anions. Besides of these small amount of mono-, di-, tri-, tetra-, cyclotri-, cyclotetra-, double four-ring- and other polycyclic silicate anions are present. From these solutions a crystalline double three-ring silicate of the formula [N(C2H5)4]6[Si6O15] · 57 H2O could be obtained by crystallization at low temperature. Concentrated solutions with TEA:Si ratios of 0.8 to 0.6 contain mainly double three-, double four-, double five- an probably double six-ring silicate anions. From such solutions always the solid TEA-double four-ring silicate is obtained by crystallization. The reasons for the prefered formation of double ring silicate anions in TEA-silicate solutions and their crystallization are discussed.
    Notes: Untersuchungen mit Hilfe der Papierchromatographie, 29Si-NMR und Trimethylsilylierungsmethode ergaben, daß in konzentrierten Tetraethylammoniumsilicatlösungen mit molaren TEA:Si-Verhältnissen von 2,8 bis 1 neben geringen Konzentrationen an Mono-, Di-, Tri-, Tetra-, Cyclotri-, Cyclotetra-, Doppelvierring- und weiteren polycyclischen Silicatanionen, vorwiegend Doppeldreiringsilicatanionen vorliegen. Bei tieferen Temperaturen kristallisiert aus diesen Lösungen ein Doppeldreiringsilicat der Formel [N(C2H5)4]6[Si6O15] · 57 H2O aus. Konzentrierte Lösungen mit TEA:Si = 0,8 bis 0,6 enthalten hauptsächlich Doppeldrei-, Doppelvier-, Doppelfünf und wahrscheinlich auch Doppelsechsringsilicatanionen. Aus diesen Lösungen kristallisiert stets das TEA-Doppelvierringsilicat aus. Die möglichen Ursachen für die bevorzugte Bildung von Doppelringsilicatanionen in TEA-Silicatlösungen und deren Kristallisation werden diskutiert.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/zaac.19804650103
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Über den Einfluß von Temperatur und Fremdionen auf Eigenschaften und Bau der Natriumwasserglaslösungen (1992)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 614 (1992), S. 95-101 
    Details
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: silicate solution ; water glass ; NMR spectroscopy ; dre adsorption ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: The Influence of Temperature and Impurities Addition on the Properties and the Constitution of Sodium Water Glass SolutionsSodium water glass (NaWG-)solutions of constant composition (SiO2/Na2O = 3,3; CSiO2 = 6,2 M) and different concentration of impurities (Fe, Al, Ti, Cu, chloride, sulfate) were investigated in dependence on temperature by means of the dye absorption method, 1H- and 23Na-NMR spectroscopy. It is shown, that the differences in the dye absorption spectra of normalized technical NaWG-solutions, mainly depend on the Fe-concentration in the solutions and their thermal history. From the results follow a crosslinking of polymeric silicate species by Fe—O—Si bonds and/or hydrogen bridges and a fully or partially degradation of these bonds at higher temperatures (150°C).
    Notes: Natriumwasserglas-(NaWG-)lösungen konstanter Zusammensetzung (SiO2/Na2O = 3,3; CSio2 = 6,2 M) und mit unterschiedlichen Fremdatomgehalten (Fe, Al, Ti, Cu, Chlorid, Sulfat) wurden in Abhängigkeit ihrer thermischen Vorbehandlung mit Hilfe der Farbstoffadsorptionsmethode sowie der 1H- und 23Na-NMR-Spektroskopie untersucht. Es zeigt sich, daß die Unterschiede in den Farbstoffspektren normierter technischer NaWG-Lösungen im wesentlichen von dem Fe-Gehalt der Lösungen und ihrer „thermischen Vergangenheit“ abhängen. Die Ergebnisse der Farbstoffmethode und NMR deuten darauf hin, daß in Fe-haltigen NaWG-Lösungen bei 80°C Vernetzungen der polymeren Silicatteilchen über Fe—O—Si-Bindungen und/oder Wasserstoffbrückenbindungen erfolgen, die bei höheren Temperaturen (150°C) wieder ganz oder teilweise gelöst werden.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/zaac.19926140817
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Zur Chemie des Kanemits [NaHSi2O5 · 3 H2O]x (1995)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 621 (1995), S. 1779-1784 
    Details
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Protonated sodium layer silicate hydrate ; 29Si-, 23Na- and 1H-MAS-NMR ; dehydration ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: On the Chemistry of Kanemite [NaHSi2O5 · 3 H2O]xStarting from δ-Na2Si2O5 Kanemit was prepared by a direct exchange of Na+ by H+ in water containing reaction mixtures. By 29Si-, 23Na- and 1H-MAS-NMR investigations Kanemit was characterized as a layersilicate [NaHSi2O5 · 3 H2O]. By thermal treatment as well as by dehydration at room temperature under vacuum conditions a monohydrate is formed in which the layerstructure remains nearly unchanged. At temperatures between 100 and 110°C under normal conditions a hydrate phase of the composition [NaHSi2O5 · 0.25 H2O]x is prepared in which a changed silicate-layerstructure exists.
    Notes: Kanemit wurde aus δ-Na2Si2O5 durch einen direkten Austausch von Na+ gegen H+ in wasserhaltigem Reaktionsmedium hergestellt. Mit Hilfe von 29Si-, 23Na- und 1H-MAS-NMR-Untersuchungen wurde nachgewiesen, daß der Kanemit ein Schichtsilicat der Zusammensetzung [NaHSi2O5 · 3 H2O]x ist. Bei der thermischen, wie auch bei der Entwässerung im Vakuum bei Raumtemperatur entsteht ein Monohydrat, in dem die Schichtstruktur weitgehend erhalten bleibt. Bei Temperaturen zwischen 100 und 110°C läßt sich auch eine Hydratphase der Zusammensetzung [NaHSi2O5 · 0,25 H2O]x nachweisen, in der aber eine veränderte Schichtsilicatstruktur vorliegt.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/zaac.19956211029
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Über die Anwendung der Farbstoffadsorptionsmethode zur Charakterisierung von Natriumsilicat-(Wasserglas-)lösungen (1988)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 558 (1988), S. 171-188 
    Details
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: On the Application of the Dye Adsorption Method to the Identification of Sodium Silicate (Water Glass) SolutionsInvestigations of the influence of sodium silicate solutions on the dye spectrum of pinacyanol chloride showed a depending of the spectrum on the average condensation degree of the silicate anions, the concentration of impurities and the thermal treatment of silicate solutions. Water glass solutions characterized by similar molar Na:Si ratio (0.59-0.61), SiO2 concentration (5.9-6.3 M), and average condensation degree show in dependence on impurities, temperature, and time of thermal treatment of the solutions different dye spectra, which hint at different structures and properties, respectively, of the water glass solutions. Solutions with a low content of impurities attain an equilibrium state even after a short thermal treatment (0.75 h; 160°C). Those of a larger content of impurities need for an eqilibrium, different from the former one, a thermal treatment of several hours. The pinacyanol chloride adsorption method renders a distinction of sodium water glass solution considered for as long as identical.
    Notes: Untersuchungen zur Wirkung von Natriumsilicatlösungen auf das Farbstoffspektrum des Pinacyanolchlorids (PC) ergaben, daß das Spektrum von dem mittleren Kondensationsgrad der Silicatanionen, dem Fremdionengehalt und der thermischen Vergangenheit der Silicatlösungen beeinflußt wird. Natriumsilicat-(Wasserglas-)lösungen mit vergleichbaren molaren Na/Si-Verhältnissen (0,59-0,61), SiO2-Konzentrationen (5,9-6,3 M) sowie vergleichbaren mittleren Kondensationsgraden ergeben in Abhängigkeit vom Fremdionengehalt, der Temperatur und der Zeit der hydrothermalen Behandlung unterschiedliche PC Farbstoffspektren, die auf einen nicht identischen Bau bzw. Eigenschaften der Lösungen hinweisen. In fremdionenarmen Silicatlösungen läßt sich bereits nach kurzer hydrothermaler Behandlung (0,75 h; 160°C) ein Gleichgewichtszustand nachweisen. Fremdionenreiche Lösungen erreichen einen Gleichgewichtszustand, der sich von dem vorher genannten unterscheidet, erst nach mehreren Stunden. Die PC-Farbstoff-adsorptionsmethode ermöglicht eine Unterscheidung von Natriumwasserglaslösungen, die bisher als identisch angesehen wurden.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/zaac.19885580117
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Max Planck: Physikalische Abhandlungen und Vorträge, herausgeg. vom Verband Deutscher Physikalischer Gesellschaften und der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Wissenschaften e.V. Verlag Friedrich Vieweg & Sohn, Braunschweig 1958. 1. Aufl., Bd. I: XV, 776 S., Bd. II: XI, 716 S., Bd. III: XII, 426 S., Preis des Gesamtwerkes DM 150.- (1963)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für die chemische Industrie 75 (1963), S. 112-112 
    Details
    ISSN: 0044-8249
    Keywords: Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ange.19630750162
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Über Azido- sowie stereoisomere Azo- und Hydrazoderivate des Anthrachinons (1916)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 49 (1916), S. 2117-2120 
    Details
    ISSN: 0365-9496
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19160490271
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Vorläufige Mittheilung (1875)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 8 (1875), S. 917-917 
    Details
    ISSN: 0365-9496
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.18750080204
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