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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Labdane diterpenes from Brickellia glomerata
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Phytochemistry 26 (1987), S. 2639-2641 
    Details
    ISSN: 0031-9422
    Keywords: 12-oxolambertianic acid ; Brickellia glomerata ; Compositae ; Eupatoricae ; demethyl pinusolide ; enantio-oliveric acid ; labdane type diterpenes ; lambertianic acid.
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0031-9422(00)83897-2
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 2
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    Mapping surface energy balance components by combining Landsat Thematic Mapper and ground-based meteorological data (1989)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: Surface energy balance components were evaluated by combining satellite-based spectral data with on-site measurements of solar irradiance, air temperature, wind speed, and vapor pressure. Maps of latent heat flux density and net radiant flux density were produced using Landsat TM data for three dates. The TM-based estimates differed from Bowen-ratio and aircraft-based estimates by less than 12 percent over mature fields of cotton, wheat, and alfalfa.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: Remote Sensing of Environment (ISSN 0034-4257); 30; 77-87
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  • 3
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    Ground and aircraft infrared observations over a partially-vegetated area (1990)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: Consideration is given to the feasibility of estimated a reliable composite surface temperature over a partially-vegetated and furrowed cotton field with an intensive ground sampling routing using hand-held radiometers. The ground-based data are compared with surface temperatures taken from an aircraft at an altitude of about 150 m. A simple model is presented for computing the composite surface temperature using component temperatures of the soil and vegetation and row crop dimensions and orientations. The results of the modeling are compared with the ground-based and airborne radiometric measurements. It is found that estimates of the composite surface temperature comparable to low-flying aircraft observations over row crops with sparse cover may be obtained using ground-based estimates of average canopy temperature.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: International Journal of Remote Sensing (ISSN 0143-1161); 11; 409-427
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  • 4
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    Using optical-microwave synergy for estimating surface energy fluxes over semi-arid rangeland (1994)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: First results of the Walnut Gulch '92 (Arizona, U.S.) experiment concerning the combined use of radar backscattering (ERS-1) and thermal infrared (LANDSAT TM (Thematic Mapper)) data to estimate surface sensible heat flux are reported. The first step investigates the potential use of ERS-1 SAR (Synthetic Aperture Radar) images for surface soil moisture monitoring of the watershed using five calibrated images acquired during the year 1992 (dry to wet conditions). Results show that despite the typical low level of biomass of semi arid rangeland, an attenuation of the soil backscatter (up to 2 dB) can occur during the rainy season mainly due to the vegetation characteristics. A statistical relationship is then used to retrieve the volumetric surface soil moisture from ERS-1 backscattering (sensitivity of 0.23 dB/% moisture) with a resulting root mean square error of 1.3% of soil moisture. In a second step a semi empirical approach based on energy balance relates soil temperatures to this estimated surface soil moisture. Vegetation temperature is then deduced from soil temperatures and LANDSAT TM composite temperature in order to estimate sensible heat flux according to a two layer type model providing an RMSE of 29 W/sq m.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: CNES, Proceedings of 6th International Symposium on Physical Measurements and Signatures in Remote Sensing; p 1167-1174
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  • 5
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    Integration of remote sensing and hydrologic modeling through multi-disciplinary semiarid field campaigns: Moonsoon 1990, Walnut Gulch 1992, and SALSA-MEX (1994)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: A research and modeling strategy is presented for development of distributed hydrologic models given by a combination of remotely sensed and ground based data. In support of this strategy, two experiments Moonsoon'90 and Walnut Gulch'92 were conducted in a semiarid rangeland southeast of Tucson, Arizona, (U.S.) and a third experiment, the SALSA-MEX (Semi Arid Land Surface Atmospheric Mountain Experiment) was proposed. Results from the Moonsoon'90 experiment substantially advanced the understanding of the hydrologic and atmospheric fluxes in an arid environment and provided insight into the use of remote sensing data for hydrologic modeling. The Walnut Gulch'92 experiment addressed the seasonal hydrologic dynamics of the region and the potential of combined optical microwave remote sensing for hydrologic applications. SALSA-MEX will combine measurements and modeling to study hydrologic processes influenced by surrounding mountains, such as enhanced precipitation, snowmelt and recharge to ground water aquifers. The results from these experiments, along with the extensive experimental data bases, should aid the research community in large scale modeling of mass and energy exchanges across the soil-plant-atmosphere interface.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: CNES, Proceedings of 6th International Symposium on Physical Measurements and Signatures in Remote Sensing; p 981-991
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  • 6
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    Atmospheric correction of LANDSAT TM thermal band using surface energy balance (1994)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Thermal infrared data of LANDSAT Thematic Mapper (TM) are hardly used, probably due to the difficulties met when trying to correct them for atmospheric effects. A method for correcting these data was designed, based on surface energy balance estimation of known wet and dry targets included in the TM image to be corrected. This method, only using the image itself and local meteorological data was tested and validated on various surfaces: agricultural, forest and rangeland. The root mean square error on corrected temperatures is on the order of 1C.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: CNES, Proceedings of 6th International Symposium on Physical Measurements and Signatures in Remote Sensing; p 159-166
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  • 7
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    Sensible heat flux - Radiometric surface temperature relationship for eight semiarid areas (1994)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-28
    Description: Measurements of sensible heat flux, radiometric surface temperature, air temperature, and wind speed made at eight semiarid rangeland sites were used to investigate the sensible heat flux-aerodynamic resistance relationship. The individual sites covered a wide range of vegetation (0.1-4 m tall) and cover (3%-95% bare soil) conditions. Mean values of k/B, a quantity related to the resistance of heat versus momentum transfer at the surface, for the individual sites varied between 3.5 and 12.5. A preliminary test of the utility of an excess resistance based on the mean value of k/B showed that the difference between the mean estimated and measured sensible heat fluxes varied +/- 60 W/sq m for the eight semiarid sites. For the eight sites the values of k/B were plotted against the roughness Reynolds number. The plot showed considerable scatter with values ranging between and beyond the theoretical curves for bluff rough and permeable rough surfaces.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: Journal of Applied Meteorology (ISSN 0894-8763); 33; 9; p. 1110-1117
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  • 8
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    Surface reflectance factor retrieval from Thematic Mapper data (1989)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-12
    Description: Based on the absolute radiometric calibration of the TM and the use of a radiative transfer program for atmospheric correction, ground reflectances were retrieved for several fields of crops and bare soil in TM bands 1-4 for six TM scenes acquired over a 12-month period. These reflectances were compared to those measured using ground-based and low-altitude, aircraft-mounted radiometers. When, for four TM acquisitions, the comparison was made between areas that had been carefully selected for their high uniformity, the reflectance factors agreed to + or - 0.01 over the reflectance range 0.02-0.55. When the comparison was made for two of the above acquisitions and two others on different dates, for larger areas not carefully selected to be of uniform reflectance, the reflectance factors agreed to + or - 0.02 (1 sigma RMS), over same reflectance range.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: Remote Sensing of Environment (ISSN 0034-4257); 27; 47-57
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  • 9
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    Field calibration of reference reflectance panels (1987)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-12
    Description: A procedure for calibrating reference reflectance panels using the sun as the radiation source and a pressed-polytetrafluoroethylene powder standard is described. The directional/directional reflectance factor and the directional/hemispheric reflectance factor are examined. Directional/directional voltage responses for pressed-halon are analyzed. Three painted BaSO4 and one painted halon were calibrated using the proposed procedure. The effects of diffuse irradiance on reflectance-factor measurements are investigated. It is determined that the method has an accuracy on the order of 1 percent. The advantages and disadvantages of this method are discussed.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: Remote Sensing of Environment (ISSN 0034-4257); 22; 145-158
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  • 10
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    Use of ground-based remotely sensed data for surface energy balance calculations during Monsoon '90 (1991)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-27
    Description: Surface energy balance was evaluated at a semiarid watershed using direct and indirect measurements of the turbulent fluxes, a remote technique based on measurements of surface reflectance and temperature, and conventional meteorological information. Comparison of remote estimates of net radiant flux and soil heat flux densities with measured values showed errors on the order of +/-40 W/sq m. To account for the effects of sparse vegetation, semi-empirical adjustments to aerodynamic resistance were required for evaluation of sensible heat flux density (H). However, a significant scatter in estimated versus measured latent heat flux density (LE) was still observed, +/-75 W/sq m over a range from 100-400 W/sq m. The errors of H and LE estimates were reduced to +/-50 W/sq m when observations were restricted to clear sky conditions.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: IGARSS ''91: Annual International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium; Jun 03, 1991 - Jun 06, 1991; Espoo; Finland
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