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  • 1
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    High-precision gravity measurements using absolute and relative (2012)
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    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: Accurate detection of time gravity changes attributable to the dynamics of volcanoes requires high-precision gravity measurements. With the aim of improving the quality of data from the Mount Etna gravity network, we used both absolute and relative gravimeters in a hybrid method. In this report, some of the techniques for gravity surveys are reviewed, and the results related to each method are compared. We show how the total uncertainty estimated for the gravity measurements performed with this combined use of absolute and relative gravimeters is roughly comparable to that calculated when the measurements are acquired using only relative gravimeters (the traditional method). However, the data highlight how the hybrid approach improves the measurement capabilities for surveying the Mount Etna volcanic area. This approach enhances the accuracy of the data, and then of the four-dimensional surveying, which minimizes ambiguities inherent in the gravity measurements. As a case study, we refer to two gravity datasets acquired in 2005 and 2010 from the western part of the Etna volcano, which included five absolute and 13 relative stations of the Etna gravity network.
    Description: Published
    Description: 500-509
    Description: 2.6. TTC - Laboratorio di gravimetria, magnetismo ed elettromagnetismo in aree attive
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: absolute and relative gravimeters ; uncertainty ; microgravity ; Etna volcano ; 04. Solid Earth::04.02. Exploration geophysics::04.02.02. Gravity methods
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 2
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    The HOTSAT volcano monitoring system based on combined use of SEVIRI and MODIS multispectral data (2012)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: Spaceborne remote sensing of high-temperature volcanic features offers an excellent opportunity to monitor the onset and development of new eruptive activity. To provide a basis for real-time response during eruptive events, we designed and developed the volcano monitoring system that we call HOTSAT. This multiplatform system can elaborate both Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) and Spinning Enhanced Visible and Infrared Imager (SEVIRI) data, and it is here applied to the monitoring of the Etna volcano. The main advantage of this approach is that the different features of both of these sensors can be used. It can be refreshed every 15 min due to the high frequency of the SEVIRI acquisition, and it can detect smaller and/or less intense thermal anomalies through the MODIS data. The system consists of data preprocessing, detection of volcano hotspots, and radiative power estimation. To locate thermal anomalies, a new contextual algorithm is introduced that takes advantage of both the spectral and spatial comparison methods. The derivation of the radiative power is carried out at all ‘hot’ pixels using the middle infrared radiance technique. The whole processing chain was tested during the 2008 Etna eruption. The results show the robustness of the system after it detected the lava fountain that occurred on May 10 through the SEVIRI data, and the very beginning of the eruption on May 13 through the MODIS data analysis.
    Description: Published
    Description: 544-550
    Description: 3.6. Fisica del vulcanismo
    Description: 4.3. TTC - Scenari di pericolosità vulcanica
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: Etna volcano, Infrared remote sensing, MODIS, SEVIRI ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.99. General or miscellaneous ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.06. Volcano monitoring ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.07. Instruments and techniques ; 05. General::05.01. Computational geophysics::05.01.99. General or miscellaneous ; 05. General::05.01. Computational geophysics::05.01.01. Data processing ; 05. General::05.01. Computational geophysics::05.01.05. Algorithms and implementation
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 3
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    FEM and ANN combined approach for predicting pressure source (2011)
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    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: A hybrid approach for forward and inverse geophysical modeling, based on Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) and Finite Element Method (FEM), is proposed in order to properly identify the parameters of volcanic pressure sources from geophysical observations at ground surface. The neural network is trained and tested with a set of patterns obtained by the solutions of numerical models based on FEM. The geophysical changes caused by magmatic pressure sources were computed developing a 3-D FEM model with the aim to include the effects of topography and medium heterogeneities at Etna volcano. ANNs are used to interpolate the complex non linear relation between geophysical observations and source parameters both for forward and inverse modeling. The results show that the combination of neural networks and FEM is a powerful tool for a straightforward and accurate estimation of source parameters in volcanic regions.
    Description: Published
    Description: 273-282
    Description: 3.6. Fisica del vulcanismo
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: FEM, ANN, Etna volcano ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.99. General or miscellaneous
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 4
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    Integrated inversion of numerical geophysical models using artificial neural networks (2011)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: A uni ed modelling procedure is proposed to jointly interpret the variations observed in geophysical data and to properly take into account the relation- ship between the intrusive processes and the geophysical variations expected at the ground surface. We focus on the joint inversion of geophysical data by a procedure based on Arti cial Neural Network (ANN) for the estimation of the volcanic source parameters. As forward model, we develop a 3D numerical model based on Finite Element Method (FEM) for computing ground deforma- tion, magnetic and gravity changes caused by magmatic overpressure sources, with the aim to consider a more realistic description of Etna volcano, including the e ects of topography and medium heterogeneities.
    Description: Published
    Description: 177-182
    Description: 3.6. Fisica del vulcanismo
    Description: N/A or not JCR
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: Identification, Modeling, Numerical methods. ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.99. General or miscellaneous
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 5
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    Automated detection and analysis of volcanic thermal anomalies through the combined use of SEVIRI and MODIS (2011)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: Multispectral infrared observations carried out by the spacecrafts have shown that spaceborne remote sensing of high-temperature volcanic features is feasible and robust enough to turn into volcano monitoring. Especially meteorological satellites have proven a powerful instrument to detect and monitor dynamic phenomena, such as volcanic processes, allowing very high temporal resolution despite of their low spatial resolution. An automated system that uses both EOS-MODIS and MSG-SEVIRI thermal satellite data was developed at the Istituto Nazionale di Geo sica e Vulcanologia of Catania for early hot spot detection and for estimating the temporal evolution of the average e usion rate during eruptive events. The advantage obtained by the use of both SEVIRI and MODIS data in increasing temporal coverage improving satellite monitoring of active volcanoes was also con rmed on Etna volcano during the early phase of 2008 eruption.
    Description: Published
    Description: 207-212
    Description: 3.6. Fisica del vulcanismo
    Description: open
    Keywords: remote sensing; Etna volcano; multi-platform ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.99. General or miscellaneous
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: book chapter
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