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  • Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/*microbiology  (11)
  • STRUCTURAL MECHANICS  (10)
  • *Genes, Viral  (7)
  • 1
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    Homology of genome of AIDS-associated virus with genomes of human T-cell leukemia viruses (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-08-31
    Description: A T lymphotropic virus found in patients with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) or lymphadenopathy syndrome has been postulated to be the cause of AIDS. Immunological analysis of this retrovirus and its biological properties suggest that it is a member of the family of human T-lymphotropic retroviruses known as HTLV. Accordingly, it has been named HTLV-III. In the present report it is shown by nucleic acid hybridization that sequences of the genome of HTLV-III are homologous to the structural genes (gag, pol, and env) of both HTLV-I and HTLV-II and to a potential coding region called pX located between the env gene and the long terminal repeating sequence that is unique to the HTLV family of retroviruses.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Arya, S K -- Gallo, R C -- Hahn, B H -- Shaw, G M -- Popovic, M -- Salahuddin, S Z -- Wong-Staal, F -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Aug 31;225(4665):927-30.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6089333" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/*microbiology ; Base Sequence ; Cloning, Molecular ; Dna ; DNA, Viral ; Deltaretrovirus/classification/*genetics ; Genes ; *Genes, Viral ; Humans ; *Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; RNA, Viral ; Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 2
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    HTLV-III in saliva of people with AIDS-related complex and healthy homosexual men at risk for AIDS (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-10-26
    Description: Peripheral blood leukocytes and saliva from 20 individuals, including four with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), ten with AIDS-related complex (ARC), and six healthy homosexual males at risk for AIDS, were compared as sources of transmissible human T-cell leukemia (lymphotropic) virus type III (HTLV-III), the virus found to be the etiologic agent of AIDS. All of the AIDS and ARC patients and four of the six healthy homosexuals had evidence of prior exposure to HTLV-III as indicated by seropositivity for antibody to HTLV-III structural proteins. Infectious virus was isolated from the peripheral blood of one of the AIDS patients, four of the ARC patients, and two of the healthy homosexual males, consistent with previous reports. HTLV-III was also isolated from the saliva of four of the ARC patients and four of the healthy homosexuals. Virus was also observed by electron microscopy in material prepared by centrifugation of the saliva of one AIDS patient. Although AIDS does not appear to be transmitted by casual contact, the possibility that HTLV-III can be transmitted by saliva should be considered.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Groopman, J E -- Salahuddin, S Z -- Sarngadharan, M G -- Markham, P D -- Gonda, M -- Sliski, A -- Gallo, R C -- N0I-CO-23910/CO/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Oct 26;226(4673):447-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6093247" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/*microbiology ; Deltaretrovirus/*isolation & purification ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Homosexuality ; Humans ; Male ; Microscopy, Electron ; Monocytes/microbiology ; Saliva/*microbiology ; Viral Proteins/analysis
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
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    Antigens encoded by the 3'-terminal region of human T-cell leukemia virus: evidence for a functional gene (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-10-05
    Description: Antibodies in sera from patients with adult T-cell leukemia-lymphoma or from healthy carriers of type I human T-cell leukemia virus (HTLV) recognize an antigen of approximately 42 kilodaltons (p42) in cell lines infected with HTLV-I. Radiolabel sequence analysis of cyanogen bromide fragments of p42 led to the conclusion that this antigen is encoded in part by LOR, a conserved portion of the "X" region that is flanked by the envelope gene and the 3' long terminal repeat of HTLV-I. It is possible that this novel product mediates the unique transformation properties of the HTLV family.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lee, T H -- Coligan, J E -- Sodroski, J G -- Haseltine, W A -- Salahuddin, S Z -- Wong-Staal, F -- Gallo, R C -- Essex, M -- 2-T32-CA0903/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA07094/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA13885/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Oct 5;226(4670):57-61.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6089350" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Antigens, Viral/*genetics ; Base Sequence ; Cell Line ; Cyanogen Bromide ; Deltaretrovirus/*genetics/immunology ; *Genes, Viral ; Humans ; Peptide Fragments ; Trans-Activators ; Viral Proteins/*genetics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
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    Molecular characterization of human T-cell leukemia (lymphotropic) virus type III in the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-12-07
    Description: The human T-cell leukemia (lymphotropic) virus type III (HTLV-III) appears to be central to the causation of the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). Two full-length integrated proviral DNA forms of HTLV-III have now been cloned and analyzed, and DNA sequences of the virus in cell lines and fresh tissues from patients with AIDS or AIDS-related complex (ARC) have been characterized. The results revealed that (i) HTLV-III is an exogenous human retrovirus, approximately 10 kilobases in length, that lacks nucleic acid sequences derived from normal human DNA; (ii) HTLV-III, unlike HTLV types I and II, shows substantial diversity in its genomic restriction enzyme cleavage pattern; (iii) HTLV-III persists in substantial amounts in cells as unintegrated linear DNA, an uncommon property that has been linked to the cytopathic effects of certain animal retroviruses; and (iv) HTLV-III viral DNA can be detected in low levels in fresh (primary) lymphoid tissue of a minority of patients with AIDS or ARC but appears not to be present in Kaposi's sarcoma tissue. These findings have important implications concerning the biological properties of HTLV-III and the pathophysiology of AIDS and Kaposi's sarcoma.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Shaw, G M -- Hahn, B H -- Arya, S K -- Groopman, J E -- Gallo, R C -- Wong-Staal, F -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Dec 7;226(4679):1165-71.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6095449" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/*microbiology ; Base Sequence ; Cell Line ; Child ; Cloning, Molecular ; Cytopathogenic Effect, Viral ; DNA Restriction Enzymes/metabolism ; DNA, Viral/*analysis ; Deltaretrovirus/*genetics ; Humans ; Male ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 5
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    Novel viral sequences related to human T-cell leukemia virus in T cells of a seropositive baboon (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-03-16
    Description: Antibodies reactive with proteins of human T-cell leukemia virus (HTLV) can be found in Old World monkeys. A T-lymphocyte cell line established from a seropositive baboon (Papio cynocephalus) was analyzed for the presence of viral DNA sequences. The provirus found in these cells was related to but distinct from HTLV subgroup I. These results add to recent evidence from human studies that HTLV represents a spectrum of infectious T-lymphotropic retroviruses that includes closely and distantly related members.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Guo, H G -- Wong-Stall, F -- Gallo, R C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Mar 16;223(4641):1195-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6322297" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antibodies, Viral/analysis ; Antigens, Viral/immunology ; Base Sequence ; Cell Line ; DNA Restriction Enzymes ; DNA, Viral/*analysis ; Deltaretrovirus/*genetics/immunology ; *Genes, Viral ; Humans ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Papio/immunology/*microbiology ; Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid ; T-Lymphocytes/*analysis/microbiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 6
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    Detection, isolation, and continuous production of cytopathic retroviruses (HTLV-III) from patients with AIDS and pre-AIDS (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-05-04
    Description: A cell system was developed for the reproducible detection of human T-lymphotropic retroviruses (HTLV family) from patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) or with signs or symptoms that frequently precede AIDS (pre-AIDS). The cells are specific clones from a permissive human neoplastic T-cell line. Some of the clones permanently grow and continuously produce large amounts of virus after infection with cytopathic (HTLV-III) variants of these viruses. One cytopathic effect of HTLV-III in this system is the arrangement of multiple nuclei in a characteristic ring formation in giant cells of the infected T-cell population. These structures can be used as an indicator to detect HTLV-III in clinical specimens. This system opens the way to the routine detection of HTLV-III and related cytopathic variants of HTLV in patients with AIDS or pre-AIDS and in healthy carriers, and it provides large amounts of virus for detailed molecular and immunological analyses.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Popovic, M -- Sarngadharan, M G -- Read, E -- Gallo, R C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 May 4;224(4648):497-500.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6200935" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/*microbiology ; Cell Division ; Cell Line ; Cell Nucleus/ultrastructure ; Cell Survival ; Clone Cells/microbiology ; Cytopathogenic Effect, Viral ; Deltaretrovirus/growth & development/*isolation & purification ; Genetic Variation ; Humans ; RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase/metabolism ; T-Lymphocytes/microbiology ; Virus Cultivation
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 7
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    5' viral and human cellular sequences corresponding to the transforming gene of simian sarcoma virus (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-02-04
    Description: The 5' nucleotide sequences of the transforming gene of simian sarcoma virus (v-sis) and its human cellular homolog (c-sis) were compared. A short homology was found between helper virus and cellular DNA sequences at the junction of v-sis and c-sis, which may have had a role in the original recombination event leading to the generation of simian sarcoma virus.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Josephs, S F -- Dalla-Favera, R -- Gelmann, E P -- Gallo, R C -- Wong-Staal, F -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Feb 4;219(4584):503-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6297002" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Base Sequence ; *Genes, Viral ; Helper Viruses/genetics ; Humans ; *Oncogenes ; Recombination, Genetic ; Retroviridae/*genetics ; Sarcoma Virus, Woolly Monkey/*genetics
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  • 8
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    Characterization of long terminal repeat sequences of HTLV-III (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-02-01
    Description: The nucleotide sequence of the long terminal repeat sequence (LTR) of the human T-cell leukemia (lymphotropic) virus type III (HTLV-III) was determined. This virus is associated etiologically with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome. The LTR was found to be 634 base pairs in length with U3, R, and U5 regions of 453, 98, and 83 bp, respectively. The proviral DNA is flanked by a 7-base-pair direct repeat. The promoter and polyadenylation signals are situated 27 and 24 base pairs upstream from the respective transcriptional initiation and polyadenylation sites. The primer binding site is complementary to transfer RNA-lysine. The LTR of HTLV-III, like that of HTLV-I, showed a limited homology to enhancer-like sequences within two genes expressed specifically in T lymphocytes, T-cell growth factor, and gamma-interferon. Structural comparisons revealed that the LTR of HTLV-III is distantly related to those of HTLV-I, HTLV-II, and bovine leukemia virus.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Starcich, B -- Ratner, L -- Josephs, S F -- Okamoto, T -- Gallo, R C -- Wong-Staal, F -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Feb 1;227(4686):538-40.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2981438" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Biological Evolution ; Dna ; DNA, Viral ; Deltaretrovirus/*genetics ; *Genes, Viral ; Humans ; Interferon-gamma/genetics ; Interleukin-2/genetics ; Leukemia Virus, Bovine/genetics ; Operon ; RNA, Viral ; *Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid ; Retroviridae/genetics ; Transcription, Genetic
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 9
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    Genomic diversity of human T-lymphotropic virus type III (HTLV-III) (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-08-23
    Description: The DNA genomes of human T-lymphotropic virus type III (HTLV-III) isolated from 18 individuals with AIDS or who were at risk for AIDS were evaluated for evidence of variation. Although all of the 18 viral DNA's hybridized throughout their entire genomes to a full-length cloned probe of the original HTLV-III isolate, each of the 18 isolates showed a different restriction enzyme pattern. The number of restriction site differences between isolates ranged from only 1 site in 23 to at least 16 sites in 31. No particular viral genotype was associated with a particular disease state and 2 of the 18 patients had evidence of concurrent infection by more than one viral genotype. Propagation of three different viral isolates in vitro for up to 9 months did not lead to detectable changes in their restriction patterns. These findings indicate that different isolates of HTLV-III comprise a spectrum of highly related but distinguishable viruses and have important implications regarding the pathogenicity of HTLV-III and attempts to develop effective diagnostic, therapeutic, and preventive measures for this virus.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wong-Staal, F -- Shaw, G M -- Hahn, B H -- Salahuddin, S Z -- Popovic, M -- Markham, P -- Redfield, R -- Gallo, R C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Aug 23;229(4715):759-62.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2992084" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/*microbiology ; Carrier State ; Cells, Cultured ; DNA Restriction Enzymes ; Deltaretrovirus/*genetics ; Humans ; Polymorphism, Genetic
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  • 10
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    Sequence of the envelope glycoprotein gene of type II human T lymphotropic virus (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-07-27
    Description: The sequence of the envelope glycoprotein gene of type II human T lymphotropic virus (HTLV) is presented. The predicted amino acid sequence is similar to that of the corresponding protein of HTLV type I, in that the proteins share the same amino acids at 336 of 488 residues, and 68 of the 152 differences are of a conservative nature. The overall structural similarity of these proteins provides an explanation for the antigenic cross-reactivity observed among diverse members of the HTLV retrovirus family by procedures that assay for the viral envelope glycoprotein, for example, membrane immunofluorescence.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sodroski, J -- Patarca, R -- Perkins, D -- Briggs, D -- Lee, T H -- Essex, M -- Coligan, J -- Wong-Staal, F -- Gallo, R C -- Haseltine, W A -- CA-18216/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Jul 27;225(4660):421-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6204380" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/microbiology ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Base Sequence ; Cross Reactions ; Cysteine/metabolism ; Deltaretrovirus/*genetics ; Epitopes/immunology ; *Genes, Viral ; Glycoproteins/*genetics ; Humans ; Viral Envelope Proteins/*genetics/immunology
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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