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  • 1
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    Fear of predation slows plant-litter decomposition (2012)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-06-16
    Description: Aboveground consumers are believed to affect ecosystem functioning by regulating the quantity and quality of plant litter entering the soil. We uncovered a pathway whereby terrestrial predators regulate ecosystem processes via indirect control over soil community function. Grasshopper herbivores stressed by spider predators have a higher body carbon-to-nitrogen ratio than do grasshoppers raised without spiders. This change in elemental content does not slow grasshopper decomposition but perturbs belowground community function, decelerating the subsequent decomposition of plant litter. This legacy effect of predation on soil community function appears to be regulated by the amount of herbivore protein entering the soil.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hawlena, Dror -- Strickland, Michael S -- Bradford, Mark A -- Schmitz, Oswald J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2012 Jun 15;336(6087):1434-8. doi: 10.1126/science.1220097.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉School of Forestry and Environmental Studies, Yale University, 370 Prospect Street, New Haven, CT 06511, USA. dror.hawlena@mail.huji.ac.il〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22700928" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Bacteria/metabolism ; Biomass ; Carbon/analysis/metabolism ; Ecosystem ; Energy Metabolism ; Fear ; *Food Chain ; Grasshoppers/chemistry/*physiology ; Herbivory/physiology ; Insect Proteins/analysis/metabolism ; Nitrogen/analysis/metabolism ; *Plants ; *Predatory Behavior ; Soil/chemistry ; *Soil Microbiology ; Spiders/*physiology ; *Stress, Physiological
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    Transgenerational epigenetic instability is a source of novel methylation variants (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-09-17
    Description: Epigenetic information, which may affect an organism's phenotype, can be stored and stably inherited in the form of cytosine DNA methylation. Changes in DNA methylation can produce meiotically stable epialleles that affect transcription and morphology, but the rates of spontaneous gain or loss of DNA methylation are unknown. We examined spontaneously occurring variation in DNA methylation in Arabidopsis thaliana plants propagated by single-seed descent for 30 generations. We identified 114,287 CG single methylation polymorphisms and 2485 CG differentially methylated regions (DMRs), both of which show patterns of divergence compared with the ancestral state. Thus, transgenerational epigenetic variation in DNA methylation may generate new allelic states that alter transcription, providing a mechanism for phenotypic diversity in the absence of genetic mutation.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3210014/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3210014/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Schmitz, Robert J -- Schultz, Matthew D -- Lewsey, Mathew G -- O'Malley, Ronan C -- Urich, Mark A -- Libiger, Ondrej -- Schork, Nicholas J -- Ecker, Joseph R -- F32 HG004830/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- F32 HG004830-01/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- F32 HG004830-02/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- F32 HG004830-03/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- F32-HG004830/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HG003523/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HG003523-01/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HG003523-02/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HG003523-03/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- UL1 RR025774/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Oct 21;334(6054):369-73. doi: 10.1126/science.1212959. Epub 2011 Sep 15.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Plant Biology Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21921155" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alleles ; Arabidopsis/*genetics/metabolism ; *DNA Methylation ; DNA Transposable Elements ; DNA, Intergenic ; DNA, Plant/genetics/metabolism ; Dinucleoside Phosphates/metabolism ; *Epigenesis, Genetic ; Genes, Plant ; Genetic Variation ; Genome, Plant ; Linear Models ; Mutation ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; Transcription, Genetic
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 3
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    Processing and subcellular trafficking of ER-tethered EIN2 control response to ethylene gas (2012)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-09-01
    Description: Ethylene gas is essential for many developmental processes and stress responses in plants. ETHYLENE INSENSITIVE2 (EIN2), an NRAMP-like integral membrane protein, plays an essential role in ethylene signaling, but its function remains enigmatic. Here we report that phosphorylation-regulated proteolytic processing of EIN2 triggers its endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-to-nucleus translocation. ER-tethered EIN2 shows CONSTITUTIVE TRIPLE RESPONSE1 (CTR1) kinase-dependent phosphorylation. Ethylene triggers dephosphorylation at several sites and proteolytic cleavage at one of these sites, resulting in nuclear translocation of a carboxyl-terminal EIN2 fragment (EIN2-C'). Mutations that mimic EIN2 dephosphorylation, or inactivate CTR1, show constitutive cleavage and nuclear localization of EIN2-C' and EIN3 and EIN3-LIKE1-dependent activation of ethylene responses. These findings uncover a mechanism of subcellular communication whereby ethylene stimulates phosphorylation-dependent cleavage and nuclear movement of the EIN2-C' peptide, linking hormone perception and signaling components in the ER with nuclear-localized transcriptional regulators.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3523706/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3523706/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Qiao, Hong -- Shen, Zhouxin -- Huang, Shao-shan Carol -- Schmitz, Robert J -- Urich, Mark A -- Briggs, Steven P -- Ecker, Joseph R -- F32 HG004830/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- F32-HG004830/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2012 Oct 19;338(6105):390-3. doi: 10.1126/science.1225974. Epub 2012 Aug 30.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Plant Biology Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22936567" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Active Transport, Cell Nucleus ; Arabidopsis/drug effects/*metabolism ; Arabidopsis Proteins/genetics/*metabolism ; Cell Nucleus/*metabolism ; Endoplasmic Reticulum/*metabolism ; Ethylenes/*metabolism/pharmacology ; Gases/metabolism/pharmacology ; Mutation ; Nuclear Localization Signals/genetics/metabolism ; Phosphorylation ; Protein Kinases/metabolism ; Proteolysis ; Receptors, Cell Surface/genetics/*metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 4
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    Genetics. The secret garden--epigenetic alleles underlie complex traits (2014)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-03-08
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Schmitz, Robert J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 Mar 7;343(6175):1082-3. doi: 10.1126/science.1251864.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Genetics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24604184" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Arabidopsis/*genetics ; DNA Methylation/*genetics ; *Epigenesis, Genetic ; *Gene Expression Regulation, Plant ; *Quantitative Trait Loci
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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