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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Quantum cyclotron resonance of two-dimensional holes in the Ge layers of Ge-Ge1−x Six heterostructures (1997)
    Springer
    Physics of the solid state 39 (1997), S. 1875-1879 
    Details
    ISSN: 1063-7834
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Quantum cyclotron resonance of two-dimensional holes in strained germanium layers of the periodic heterostructure Ge-Ge1−x Six has been observed and investigated for the first time. The results are compared with the data of electrophysical measurements in strong magnetic fields. A clear dependence of the magnitude of the longitudinal effective mass of the holes on the absolute magnitude of the elastic deformation of the germanium layers (splitting energy of the hole subbands) is observed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/1.1130191
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chromosomal evolution of the Chinese muntjac (Muntiacus reevesi) (1997)
    Springer
    Chromosoma 106 (1997), S. 37-43 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0886
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. The aim of this study was to test the validity of the hypothesis that the 2n=46 karyotype of the Chinese muntjac (Muntiacus reevesi) could have evolved through 12 tandem fusions from a 2n=70 hypothetical ancestral karyotype, which is still retained in Chinese water deer (Hydropotes inermis) and brown-brocket deer (Mazama gouazoubira). Combining fluorescence-activated chromosomal sorting and degenerate oligonucleotide-primed polymerase chain reaction, we generated chromosome-specific DNA paint probes for 13 M. gouazoubira chromosomes and most of the M. reevesi chromosomes with the exception of 18, 19 and X. These paint probes were used for fluorescence in situ hybridisation to chromosomal preparations of M. reevesi, H. inermis and M. gouazoubira. Chromosome-specific paint probes from M. reevesi chromosomes 1–5 and 11 each delineated more than one homologous pair (18 pairs in total) on the metaphases of H. inermis and M. gouazoubira. All the other probes from M. reevesi and probes from M. gouazoubira each hybridised to one pair of homologous chromosomes or regions. The C5 probe, derived from centromeric satellite sequences of M. reevesi, hybridised to the centromeric regions of all chromosomes of these three species. Most interestingly, several non-random interstitial signals, which are apparently localised to the putative fusion points, were found on chromosomes 1–5 and 11 of M. reevesi. Both the reciprocal painting patterns and localisation of the C5 probe demonstrate that M. reevesi chromosomes 1–5 and 11 could have evolved from 18 different ancestral chromosomes through 12 tandem fusions, thus providing direct molecular cytogenetic support for the tandem fusion hypothesis of karyotype evolution in M. reevesi.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004120050222
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A comparative study of karyotypes of muntjacs by chromosome painting (1995)
    Springer
    Chromosoma 103 (1995), S. 642-652 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0886
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. We have used a combination of chromosome sorting, degenerate oligonucleotide-primed polymerase chain reaction (DOP-PCR), chromosome painting and digital image capturing and processing techniques for comparative chromosome analysis of members of the genus Muntiacus. Chromosome-specific ”paints” from a female Indian muntjac were hybridised to the metaphase chromosomes of the Gongshan, Black, and Chinese muntjac by both single and three colour chromosome painting. Karyotypes and idiograms for the Indian, Gongshan, Black and Chinese muntjac were constructed, based on enhanced 4´, 6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) banding patterns. The hybridisation signal for each paint was assigned to specific bands or chromosomes for all of the above muntjac species. The interspecific chromosomal homology was demonstrated by the use of both enhanced DAPI banding and comparative chromosome painting. These results provide direct molecular cytogenetic evidence for the tandem fusion theory of the chromosome evolution of muntjac species.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00357691
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Defining the anatomy of the Rangifer tarandus sex chromosomes (1998)
    Springer
    Chromosoma 107 (1998), S. 61-69 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0886
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. A comprehensive cytogenetic characterization of the unusually large reindeer (Rangifer tarandus) sex chromosomes is presented for the purpose of studying the evolution of these atypical gonosomes. Sex chromosome idiograms were constructed from G-banded and C-banded chromosomes to illustrate the relative amounts and locations of euchromatin and heterochromatin. Hybridization with a Mazama gouazoubira X whole-chromosome paint revealed that essentially all reindeer X-linked euchromatin and most reindeer Y-linked euchromatin is conserved interspecifically. Subsequently, painting probes were generated from flow-sorted reindeer X chromosomes, flow-sorted reindeer Y chromosomes, and from microdissections of specific gonosomal regions to establish specific segment-to-segment homologies between these gonosomes. In particular, one microdissection-generated paint demonstrated that certain constituent repetitive DNAs, found in C-band region Xq31, were also present in essentially all heterochromatin blocks of the Y chromosome. Microdissection-generated paints from other X-linked heterochromatin blocks revealed the presence of DNA sequences that lacked homologous sequences on the Y chromosomes and were more specific for their region of origin. These characteristics of the reindeer sex chromosomes are consistent with the notion that mammalian sex chromosomes were derived from homologous progenitor chromosome pairs and provide insights into the evolution of these atypical mammalian gonosomes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004120050281
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A comparative study of karyotypes of muntjacs by chromosome painting (1995)
    Springer
    Chromosoma 103 (1995), S. 642-652 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0886
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We have used a combination of chromosome sorting, degenerate oligonucleotide-primed polymerase chain reaction (DOP-PCR), chromosome painting and digital image capturing and processing techniques for comparative chromosome analysis of members of the genus Muntiacus. Chromosome-specific “paints” from a female Indian muntjac were hybridised to the metaphase chromosomes of the Gongshan, Black, and Chinese muntjac by both single and three colour chromosome painting. Karyotypes and idiograms for the Indian, Gongshan, Black and Chinese muntjac were constructed, based on enhanced 4′, 6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) banding patterns. The hybridisation signal for each paint was assigned to specific bands or chromosomes for all of the above muntjac species. The interspecific chromosomal homology was demonstrated by the use of both enhanced DAPI banding and comparative chromosome painting. These results provide direct molecular cytogenetic evidence for the tandem fusion theory of the chromosome evolution of muntjac species.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00357691
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Removal of low molecular weight components during thermal debinding of powder compacts (1992)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 27 (1992), S. 2534-2538 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract This paper discusses the thermal removal of a low molecular weight component in a stainless steel powder-binder compact. A two-component binder composed of stearic acid (SA) and polypropylene (PP) with widely different debinding temperatures was chosen as a model system. Thermogravimetric analysis was used to determine separately the debinding kinetics of SA. Strong evidence was found that the mechanism which determines the debinding rate is the diffusion of stearic acid in the polymer. The diffusion length is half the distance between neighbouring pores which allow the evaporation products of stearic acid to move out of the compact. The differences with debinding mechanisms in ceramic powder compacts are discussed. Upper thresholds of the activation energy of diffusion of SA in liquid and solid PP are calculated to be 70 and 122 kJ mol−1, respectively. The diffusivity atT= 167 °C was estimated as 8×10−9 cm2 s−1.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01105066
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Formation and properties of copper film on Tl-(Pb, Bi)-Sr-Ca-Cu-O superconductor by electrodeposition from aqueous solution (1992)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 27 (1992), S. 5739-5744 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract A new process of electrodeposition in saturated cupric sulphate aqueous solution was successfully developed for the formation of copper film on a high-Tc, three Cu-O layered Tl-(Bi, Pb)-Sr-Ca-Cu-O superconductor substrate surface for the first time. Scanning electron microscopy and electron micro-probe analysis were used to investigate the morphology of the substrate surface and the composition of the copper superconductor interface. After the electrodeposition process, no evident changes in the temperature dependence of electrical resistivity were found by four-point probe measurement. The difference of magnetic properties before and after electrodeposition was investigated from magnetization measurements. Almost no degradation of the bulk properties was observed from the susceptibility data. The copper-superconductor contact was confirmed to show Ohmic behaviour by two-pointI–V characterization at liquid nitrogen boiling temperature.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01119731
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fluorescence study on transmembrane Ca2+ gradient-mediated conformation changes of sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase (1994)
    Springer
    Bioscience reports 14 (1994), S. 309-317 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4935
    Keywords: Sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase ; fluorescence study ; conformational changes ; transmembrane Ca2+ gradient
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The conformational states of Ca2+-ATPase in sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) vesicles with or without a thousand-fold transmembrane Ca2+ gradient have been studied by fluorescence spectroscopy and fluorescence quenching. In consequence of the establishment of the transmembrane Ca2+ gradient, the steady-state fluorescence results revealed a reproducible 8% decrease in the intrinsic fluorescence while time-resolved fluorescence measurements showed that 13 tryptophan residues in SR · Ca2+-ATPase could be divided into three groups. The fluorescence lifetime of one of these groups increased from 5.5 ns to 5.95 ns in the presence of a Ca2+ gradient. Using KI and hypocrellin B (a photosensitive pigment obtained from a parasitic fungus, growing in Yunnan, China), the fluorescence quenching further indicated that the dynamic change of this tryptophan group, located at the protein-lipid interface, is a characteristic of transmembrane Ca2+ gradient-mediated conformational changes in SR · Ca2+-ATPase.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01199055
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transmembrane Ca2+ gradient and function of membrane proteins (1995)
    Springer
    Bioscience reports 15 (1995), S. 351-364 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4935
    Keywords: Ca2+-ATPase ; cAMP signal transduction ; transmembrane Ca2+ gradient ; lipid fluidity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract This review will focus on the recent advance in the study of effect of transmembrane Ca2+ gradient on the function of membrane proteins. It consits of two parts: 1. Transmembrane Ca2+ gradient and sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase; 2. Effect of transmembrane Ca2+ gradient on the components and coupling of cAMP signal transduction pathway. The results obtained indicate that a proper transmembrane Ca2+ gradient may play an important role in modulating the conformation and activity of SR Ca2+-ATPase and the function of membrane proteins involved in the cAMP signal transduction by mediating the physical state change of the membrane phospholipids.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01788367
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transmembrane Ca2+ gradient is essential for high anion transport activity of human erythrocytes (1996)
    Springer
    Bioscience reports 16 (1996), S. 299-311 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4935
    Keywords: Transmembrane Ca2+ gradient ; anion transport activity ; Band 3 ; freeze-fracture ; resealed erythrocyte ghosts
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The role of a transmembrane Ca2+ gradient in anion transport by Band 3 of human resealed erythrocyte ghosts has been studied. The results show that a transmembrane Ca2+ gradient is essential for the conformation of erythrocyte Band 3 with higher anion transport activity. The dissipation of the transmembrane Ca2+ gradient by the ionophore A23187 inhibits the anion transport activity. The extent of this inhibition approaches 90% as the Ca2+ concentration on both sides of the ghost membrane is increased to 1.0 mM and half-maximum inhibition is observed at 0.25 mM Ca2+. Addition of ATP (0.4 mM) to the resealing medium can partly reestablish the transmembrane Ca2+ gradient by activation of Ca2+-ATPase and alleviate the inhibition to some extent. N-ethylmaleimide, an inhibitor of erythrocyte Ca2+-ATPase, prevents such restoration. Electron micrographs reveal that numerous larger intramembranous particles can be observed on the P-faces of freeze-fractured resealed ghosts in the absence of a transmembrane Ca2+ gradient.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01855014
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