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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reproductive success, relative abundance and population structure of two species of Nephtys in an estuarine beach (1981)
    Springer
    Marine biology 63 (1981), S. 189-196 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract During 1978 and 1979 specimens of Nephtys hombergii in the River Tyne estuary (North East England) became gravid during the winter but did not spawn in the spring breeding season; instead their gametes were resorbed. The drastic effects of these spawning failures were apparent in the population structure in 1980, when the 1978 and 1979 year-classes were shown to be virtually absent, by the size of the individuals in the population and the numbers of growth lines in their jaws. The population structure in 1975, by contrast, indicated that recruitment during the preceding 4 to 5 yr had been good. Spawning was also effective in 1980, and an 0 group was detected in August 1980. Comparable data has been obtained for N. caeca, which occurs in the same beach. It shows that recruitment of this species during 1976–1980 was consistently good, whereas analysis of the age-class frequencies suggests that recruitment of N. caeca was poor in 1973 and 1975. The dominance relationship of the two species in the beach has been reversed during the period 1975–1980. It is suggested that the sympatric distribution of the two species is maintained in part by periodic reproductive failure. The causes of this are not yet known; possible reasons, including the extremely cold conditions experienced in 1978–1979 are discussed. The difference in frequency of the 1978, 1979 and 1980 year classes will now permit a rigorous evaluation of the relationship between the number of growth lines in the jaws and age in N. hombergii.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00406827
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reproductive energetics, endocrinology and population dynamics of Nephtys caeca and N. hombergi (1985)
    Springer
    Marine biology 88 (1985), S. 235-246 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract An investigation of gametogenetic cycles and spawning success in populations of Nephtys caeca and N. hombergi from the River Tyne estuary, North Shields, England, in relation to production of gonadotrophic (GH) and spawning hormones (SH) has been made, based on data collected from 1978–1984. The data show that a consistent pattern of gametogenesis and efficient spawning occurs in populations of N. caeca in north-east England, but that the reproductive cycle of N. hombergi is erratic. Premature oosorption and gametogenic failure in this latter species is associated with a low level of GH production. Following high levels of GH production, gravid females sometimes fail to spawn owing to the non-release of SH. The reproductive energetics and reproductive success of N. caeca and N. hombergi are described in relation to the observed patterns of endocrine activity and the consequent changes in population structure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00392586
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Increased Serum 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D after Growth Hormone Administration is not Parathyroid Hormone-Mediated (1997)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 61 (1997), S. 101 -103 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Key words: Growth hormone — 1,25(OH)2D — Calcium — Phosphorus — PTH — IGF-I — IGFBP3 — TRP — TMP/GFR.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Abstract. To assess the effects of growth hormone (GH) on serum 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D [1,25(OH)2D], we performed the following prospective crossover study in six healthy, young, adult, white men. During each of two admissions for 2½ days to a general clinical research center, subjects were placed on a daily dietary calcium intake of 400 mg. Serum calcium, phosphorus, 1,25(OH)2D, immunoreactive intact parathyroid hormone (PTH), insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I), IGF binding protein 3 (IGFBP3), tubular reabsorption of phosphate (TRP), and maximum tubular reabsorption of phosphate (TMP/GFR) were measured. Recombinant human GH (rhGH, Humatrope) (25 μg/kg/day subcutaneously for 1 week) was administered prior to and during one of the admissions. Results are expressed as mean ± SEM. Whereas serum 1,25(OH)2D (58.9 ± 7.7 versus 51.6 ± 7.4 pg/ml, P 〈 0.01), serum phosphorus (4.5 ± 0.1 versus 3.7 ± 0.1 mg/dl, P 〈 0.01), TRP (92.0 ± 0.5 versus 87.8 ± 0.7 mg/dl, P 〈 0.005), TMP/GFR (4.6 ± 0.1 versus 3.5 ± 0.2, P 〈 0.005), and urinary calcium (602 ± 49 versus 346 ± 25 mg/day, P 〈 0.001) increased significantly, serum PTH decreased significantly (19.9 ± 1.9 versus 26.8 ± 4.0 pg/ml, P 〈 0.05) and serum calcium did not change when subjects received rhGH. These findings indicate that in humans, GH affects serum 1,25(OH)2D independently of circulating PTH and that this effect is mediated by IGF-I. We propose, therefore, that one potential mechanism by which GH stimulates increases in bone mass is via modest increases in serum 1,25(OH)2D.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002239900303
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Induction of Bone Formation Using a Recombinant Adenoviral Vector Carrying the Human BMP-2 Gene in a Rabbit Spinal Fusion Model (1998)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 63 (1998), S. 357-360 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Key words: Spinal fusion — Stem cells — Bone morphogenetic protein — Bone induction — Gene therapy.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Abstract. Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells are pluripotential cells that have the capacity to differentiate into an osteoprogenitor line. It has been demonstrated that BMP-2 can enhance this differentiation process. In an attempt to prolong the transforming effect of BMP-2, we used an adenoviral vector carrying the human BMP-2 gene to transduce marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells of New Zealand white rabbits. Assays on tissue culture demonstrated that these cells indeed produced the BMP-2 protein. These transduced stem cells were then autologously reimplanted into the donor rabbits. The cells were placed in the intertransverse process area of five rabbits. In one out of the five rabbits, this resulted in the production of new bone which was demonstrable on both radiographic and histologic examination. We conclude that it is possible to successfully transduce mesenchymal stem cells with the gene for BMP-2 such that these cells will produce the BMP-2 protein in vitro. Further, the transduction results in transformation of these cells into an osteoprogenitor line capable of producing bone in vivo. These data suggest the feasibility of employing gene therapy using recombinant adenoviral vectors as a tool for enhancing spine fusion. Further work to improve the fidelity and longevity of the gene transfer is warranted.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002239900540
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Plasma enteroglucagon, peptide YY and gastrin in rats deprived of luminal nutrition, and after urogastrone-EGF administration. A proliferative role for PYY in the intestinal epithelium? (1989)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 45 (1989), S. 168-169 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Intravenous (parenteral) nutrition ; gastrointestinal tract ; epithelium ; hormones ; glucagon ; enteroglucagon ; gastrin ; PYY ; Cell division ; cell proliferation ; growth control
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Intestinal tissue mass was significantly reduced throughout the gastrointestinal tract (p〈0.001) of intravenously fed (TPN) rats. Urogastrone-epidermal growth factor, (URO-EGF), reversed these changes. Although plasma enteroglucagon and gastrin levels showed a small increase with URO-EGF, this was far less than the gut tissue weight change, suggesting that it was unlikely that they were involved in modulating the proliferative response of the intestine to URO-EGF. Peptide tyrosine tyrosine (PYY) levels were however significantly increased by URO-EGF, indicating that PYY may possibly have a role in the modulation of intestinal cell proliferation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01954862
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Peptides and epithelial growth regulation (1987)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 43 (1987), S. 780-784 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Peptides ; gastrointestinal tract ; epithelial cell proliferation ; gastrin ; enteroglucagon ; peptide YY ; bombesin ; epidermal growth factor ; cholecystokinin ; somatostatin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary There is now considerable evidence implicating several peptides in the control of gastrointestinal epithelial cell proliferation and cell renewal. While some of these may act directly, many may be involved in regulating the powerful trophic effects of the intake and digestion of foold on the gut epithelium.—Several peptides have been associated with the regulation of intestinal cell proliferation. There is little doubt that gastrin is trophic to the stomach, but, its role in the rest of the gastrointestinal tract is debatable. Enteroglucagon has often been associated with increased intestinal epithelial proliferation, but at the moment all the evidence for this is circumstantial. The effects of peptide YY and bombesin warrant further study. The availability of recombinant epidermal growth factor (EGF) has recently enabled us to demonstrate a powerful trophic response to infused EGF throughout the gastrointestinal tract. The increasing availability of peptides will eventually allow the rigorous in vivo evaluation of the trophic role of these potentially very important peptides.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01945355
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Urogastrone-epidermal growth factor is trophic to the intestinal epithelium of parenterally fed rats (1985)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 41 (1985), S. 1161-1163 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Urogastrone ; epidermal growth factor ; gastrointestinal tract ; trophic ; total parenteral nutrition
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The weight of the stomach, small intestine and colon and the mucosal crypt cell production rate of these tissues were significantly decreased after 10 days on an isocaloric TPN diet when compared to orally fed controls. Continuous infusion of recombinant beta urogastrone, at a dose below that needed to inhibit gastric acid secretion, largely prevented this decrease in crypt cell production rate and gastrointestinal tissue weights.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01951708
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Letter to the editor: Absorption and excretion of cephalexin in health and acute illness (1979)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 16 (1979), S. 73-74 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: cephalexin ; absorption ; elimination ; acutely ill patients
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00644970
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Central effects of repeated administration of atenolol and captopril in healthy volunteers (1994)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 46 (1994), S. 23-28 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Atenolol ; Captopril ; Central effects ; short term administration ; healthy volunteers
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The central effects of atenolol (50 mg tds) and captopril (50 mg tds) ingested for a period of seven days were studied in ten healthy volunteers. A placebo and two active control drugs, methyldopa (250 mg tds) and oxazepam (10 mg), were included in the design. Oxazepam was ingested on the seventh day only, with a placebo being taken on the preceding six days. On the seventh day, central effects of the drugs were tested at 10.00–11.00 h (session 1), immediately before the subjects' last dose of each drug and at 2.5–3.5 h after the final dose of each drug (1330–1430 h, session 2). Performance was assessed using digit symbol substitution, continuous attention, letter cancellation, choice reaction time, finger tapping, immediate and short-term memory, critical flicker fusion and two flash fusion. Subjects assessed their mood and well-being on a series of 12 visual analogue scales. Recordings of the EEG and body sway were carried out. Neither atenolol nor captopril altered performance at any of the skills tested. There were no effects on subjectively assessed alertness or mood with captopril, while atenolol significantly increased wakefulness in session 2 and when the two sessions were meaned. Similarly, captopril did not modify body sway, while with atenolol there was a significant decrease in activity in the frequency range 1.0–2.75 Hz from session 1 to session 2. Both captopril and atenolol modified the electrical activity of the brain, with captopril increasing delta and theta activity and atenolol reducing delta, alpha and beta activity. Methyldopa significantly increased the number of involuntary rest pauses in the finger tapping task, and the choice reaction time from session 1 to session 2. There was a decrease in passivity during the first session and an increase in wakefulness in session 2 with methyldopa. This drug also decreased body sway in the frequency range 1.0–2.75 Hz activity in session 2, while oxazepam decreased bodys was at 1.0 to 2.75 Hz and increased activity at 2.5–3.0 Hz in session 2. Oxazepam reduced delta, theta and alpha content of the EEG. The present study has been unable to demonstrate any development of adverse central effects with captopril over a period of 7 days of drug ingestion. With atenolol adverse effects were present following short term dosing but were not more pronounced than with acute ingestion seen in previous studies. However effects on the electrical activity of the brain with atenolol remained after 7 days suggesting that the changes reported previously with single ingestions do not disappear.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00195911
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Variation in tritiated thymidine uptake during DNA synthesis in the adrenal cortex (1971)
    Springer
    Histochemistry and cell biology 28 (1971), S. 99-102 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-119X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The interphase grain counts of adrenocortical cells labelled with tritiated thymidine (3H) Tdr,do not conform to a Poisson distribution, and therefore are not the result of a random disintegration process. The rate of (3H) Tdr incorporation during interphase DNA synthesis (the S phase) was studied by metaphase grain count analysis. Maximum rates of incorporation were found towards the middle of the S phase. The interphase grain count of adrenocortical cells is considered to be largely dependent on the position of the cell in the S phase.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00279854
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