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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of chromium, copper, nickel, and zinc on survival and feeding of the cladoceran Moina macrocopa (1992)
    Springer
    Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology 49 (1992), S. 593-599 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0800
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00196304
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of chromium, copper, nickel, and zinc on longevity and reproduction of the cladoceran Moina macrocopa (1993)
    Springer
    Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology 50 (1993), S. 633-639 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0800
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00194655
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Assessment of Sediment Toxicity Using Different Trophic Organisms (1997)
    Springer
    Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology 32 (1997), S. 260-267 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0703
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. The main aim of the present project is to study the feasibility of using different trophic organisms for evaluating the toxicity of dredged sediments arising in Hong Kong. A total of eight sediment samples (duplicate samples collected from four selected sites: Kowloon Bay, Tsing Yi, Chek Lap Kok, and Double Haven) of Hong Kong coastal waters were analyzed for the total concentrations of As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, and Zn, total organic carbon, acid volatile sulfides, simultaneously extracted metals, redox potential, and 12 organic micropollutants. The sediment elutriates were also analysed for the various metal concentrations, as well as contents of ammonia-N, nitrate, total sulfide, sulfate, and total organic carbon. Elutriate Sediment Toxicity Tests (ESTT) were also conducted, using two microalgae (Skeletonema costatum, a diatom and Dunaliella tertiolecta, a flagellate), juvenile shrimp (Metapenaeus ensis) and juvenile fish (Trachinotus obtaus). Two commercially available tests using bacteria (Microtox Test and Toxi-Chromotest) also were employed to test both the solid phase and elutriates of the sediments. The results of Microtox test on the solid phase, and bioassay tests using diatom on the sediment elutriate, especially the former, were correlated significantly (p 〈 0.05) with a number of physico-chemical properties of sediments and elutriates. It is recommended that a combination of a liquid-phase bioassay using diatom and a solid-phase bioassay using Microtox test should be used for screening a large number of sediment samples. However, the presence of ammonia in the sediments containing a high content of organic matter seemed to interfere the detection of contamination impacts.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002449900183
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Foreword (1999)
    Springer
    Algorithmica 23 (1999), S. 277-277 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0541
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science , Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/PL00009262
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ecotoxicological Assessment of Persistent Organic and Heavy Metal Contamination in Hong Kong Coastal Sediment (2000)
    Springer
    Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology 38 (2000), S. 486-493 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0703
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. The aim of the present project is to determine the feasibility of measuring hepatic cytochrome P4501A1 (CYP1A1) and metallothionein (MT) mRNA in fish as an integrative measurement of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and heavy metal contamination in sediment arising in Hong Kong. Sediment samples were collected from different sites, including Victoria Harbour (VS6), Yim Tin Tsai (YTT) at Tolo Harbour, Mai Po marshes (MPM) at Deep Bay, and Southern Waters (SS6) of coastal waters. The samples were analyzed for total and extractable concentrations of Cd, Cu, Ni, Zn, and Pb, as well as PCBs and PAHs. In addition, biomarker responses were studied in tilapia exposed experimentally to coastal sediment for 7 days. Using RT-PCR technique, hepatic CYP1A1 and MT mRNA were measured. Three control groups were used, including one negative control group maintained in sea water only; the second and third positive control groups were in sea water but were intraperitoneally injected with either β-naphthoflavone (40 μg/g body weight) or cadmium chloride (10 μg/g body weight), respectively. The chemical data showed that VS6, YTT, and MPM were classified as Class C sediment according to the sediment quality criteria defined by the Hong Kong Environmental Protection Department, indicating the sites were heavily polluted. The exposure of tilapia to the sediment induced hepatic CYP1A1 (VS6 〉 YTT 〉 MPM 〉 SS6) and MT (VS6 〉 MPM 〉 YTT 〉 SS6) levels. The induction patterns were comparable to the levels of POPs and metal contamination in the sediment, indicating that the biomarker responses could be used to differentiate low to high levels of contamination among sediment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002449910064
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Acute and chronic toxicity of malathion to the freshwater cladoceran Moina macrocopa (1995)
    Springer
    Water, air & soil pollution 84 (1995), S. 399-405 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2932
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract The acute and chronic effects of the organophosphate insecticide malathion on the cladoceran Moina macrocopa were studied. The 24, 48 and 72 h LC50 values for malathion were between 5.00 and 10.00 μg L−1. Survival, longevity and the number of young produced by the population were affected by exposure to 0.01 μg L−1 or higher concentrations. Exposure to malathion had no effect on the age of first reproduction.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00475351
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A new approach to chromosome doubling for haploid rice plants (1989)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 77 (1989), S. 149-151 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Oryza sativa ; Haploid ; Nodal segment ; Colchicine ; Chromosome doubling
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Rice nodal segments from three flowering haploids were excised and treated for different lengths of time with 0.3% or 0.4% colchicine (dissolved in 2% DMSO) in an attempt to induce fertile seeds. A combination of higher colchicine concentration and longer hours of treatment reduced the survival rate of treated segments, but more fertile plants were transformed. Pooled data showed that of the 842 segments used, 42.2% survived the treatment and sprouted, but only 31.9% were successfully established and grown to maturity. Among the 269 mature plants, 29,4% produced fertile seeds (panicles) with an average of 146.2 seeds per diploidized plant.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00292330
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Storage cost considerations in secondary index selection (1975)
    Springer
    International journal of parallel programming 4 (1975), S. 307-327 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7640
    Keywords: Data base ; retrieval ; secondary indices ; index selection ; query time analysis ; knapsack problem ; storage cost ; storage blocks ; constrained minimization
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Abstract This paper is concerned with the combined problem of selecting secondary indices for a large relational data base and placing data files and index files in multileveled storage. It is shown that if storage cost consideration is explicitly incorporated, then the optimization becomes nontrivial. An algorithm is presented for minimizing the expected query time under arbitrary storage cost constraints. The formulation includes the consideration that a physical storage block (rather than a single tuple) is the smallest unit of data transfer and that block size is level dependent.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00979372
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Near-optimal heuristics for an assignment problem in mass storage (1975)
    Springer
    International journal of parallel programming 4 (1975), S. 281-294 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7640
    Keywords: Mass storage ; archive organization ; quadratic assignment problem ; heuristic algorithm ; near-optimality ; tree enumeration ; lower bound ; directed graphs ; pairwise majorizing property
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Abstract This paper deals with the assignment of items to an array based on access probabilities so that the expected access time is minimized. The only necessary condition for optimality known to date is that of pairwise majorization. This condition, however, is far from being sufficient. Procedures are developed (1) to enumerate all configurations that satisfy this condition and (2) to obtain tight lower bounds for the optimal solution. An algorithm based on stepwise minimization is proposed and is demonstrated to give near-optimal performance. Numerical results are presented to show that the heuristics yield an actual cost within 0.8 % of the optimal regardless of the underlying distribution and the array size. Furthermore, this algorithm only depends on the ranking of access frequencies and not on the exact values.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00979370
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Diel vertical migration and gut pigment rhythm of Paracalanus parvus, P. crassirostris, Acartia erythraea and Eucalanus subcrassus (Copepoda, Calanoida) in Tolo Harbour, Hong Kong (1994)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 292-293 (1994), S. 389-396 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: calanoid copepods ; vertical migration ; gut fluorescence
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Diel vertical migration and gut pigment rhythm of calanoid copepods were studied in the highly eutrophic waters of Tolo Harbour, Hong Kong in summer between July 30 and August l, 1991 and in winter between January 24 and 25, 1992. Paracalanus parvus and P. crassirostris showed neither diel vertical migration nor diel gut pigment rhythm during the summer study. Acartia erythraea and Eucalanus subcrassus exhibited prominent diel vertical migration and diel gut pigment rhythm. Diel changes in gut pigment content of surface dwelling individuals and increase of gut pigment content before the onset of nocturnal upward migration suggest that gut pigment rhythm in E. subcrassus was not the result of animals moving in and out of a food-rich surface layer. During the winter study, the harbour was affected by a bloom of Noctiluca scintillans. P. parvus and P. crassirostris resided in deeper waters presumably to avoid the dense populations of N. scintillans at the surface. P. crassirostris remained non-migratory during the winter study. There was a nocturnal increase in the number of P. parvus in the surface waters, although no diel change in the mean depth of the population was observed. Both Paracalanus species showed diel gut pigment rhythm. The presence of diel gut pigment rhythm in the non-migratory P. crassirostris during the winter study suggested the presence of an independent feeding rhythm.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00229964
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