ALBERT

All Library Books, journals and Electronic Records Telegrafenberg

X
feed icon rss

Your email was sent successfully. Check your inbox.

An error occurred while sending the email. Please try again.

Proceed reservation?

Export
Filter
  • Articles  (35)
  • Springer  (35)
Collection
  • Articles  (35)
Source
Keywords
Publisher
Years
Journal
Topic
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lipids and trophic interactions of ice fauna and pelagic zooplankton in the marginal ice zone of the Barents Sea (1999)
    Springer
    Polar biology 21 (1999), S. 65-70 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2056
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Gammarus wilkitzkii, Apherusa glacialis, Onismus nanseni, Onismus glacialis, Boreogadus saida, Parathemisto libellula and Calanus hyperboreus, collected in late June in the Barents Sea marginal ice zone, contained substantial levels (28–51% of the dry mass) of total lipid, the highest levels (51% and 41% respectively) being in  A. glacialis and  C. hyperboreus. Neutral lipids were present in greater amounts than polar lipids in all species. Triacylglycerols were major neutral lipids in A. glacialis, G. wilkitzkii and O. nanseni; triacylglycerols and wax esters were present in similar amounts in O. glacialis; higher levels of wax esters than triacylglycerols occurred in P. libellula; wax esters greatly exceeded triacylglycerols in C. hyperboreus, the opposite being true for B. saida. Diatom fatty acid markers were prominent in the triacylglycerols of G. wilkitzkii, O. nanseni, O. glacialis and, particularly, of  A. glacialis; 20:1(n-9) and 22:1(n-11) moieties were abundant in wax esters of G. wilkitzkii, O. nanseni, O. glacialis, P. libellula and  C. hyperboreus, and in triacylglycerols of B. saida. We deduce that  A. glacialis feeds mainly on ice algae and phytodetritus, G. wilkitzkii and the Onismus spp. feed on calanoid copepods as well as ice algae, whereas P. libellula and especially B. saida feed extensively on calanoid copepods.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003000050335
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lipid composition of zooplankton in relation to the sub-arctic food web (1987)
    Springer
    Polar biology 8 (1987), S. 115-120 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2056
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Seasonal changes in the lipid class composition and fatty acid and fatty alcohol composition of neutral lipids were determined for Calanus finmarchicus, Metridia longa and Sagitta sp. in Balsfjord, northern Norway. Similar analyses were obtained for C. hyperboreus and Parathemisto abyssorum in an adjacent fjord, Ullsfjord, in spring. C. finmarchicus, C. hyperboreus, M. longa, and Parathemisto abyssorum all contained large amounts of wax esters whereas Sagitta sp. contained small amounts of triacylglycerols and traces of wax esters. the levels of wax ester in C. finmarchicus and M. longa were highest in late autumn (respectively 88% and 84% of total lipid) and lowest in early spring (respectively 85% and 27% of total lipid). The accumulation of these neutral lipids in spring and summer is related to the feeding activity during the primary production period, while their decline in late winter is associated with the mobilisation of metabolic energy for production of gonads. The major fatty alcohols in the wax esters of C. finmarchicus and C. hyperboreus and Parathemisto abyssorum were 20:1 and 22:1 while those in the wax esters of M. longa were 14:0 and 16:0. The traces of wax esters in Saqitta were rich in 20:1 and 22:1 fatty alcohols. These analyses are consistent with C. finmarchicus and C. hyperboreus being strictly herbivorous, M. longa being more carnivorous and both Sagitta sp. and Parathemisto being highly carnivorous, probably ingesting substantial amounts of calanoid copepods.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00297065
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nature, origin and possible roles of lipid deposits in Maurolicus muelleri (Gmelin) and Benthosema glaciale (Reinhart) from Ullsfjorden, northern Norway (1986)
    Springer
    Polar biology 5 (1986), S. 235-240 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2056
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The lipid-rich pelagic teleost Maurolicus muelleri has large lipid depots located subcutaneously, intramuscularly and around the digestive tract. The lipid is contained within conventional adipocytes and is composed largely of triacylglycerols rich in 20:1 (n-9) and lipid-rich mesopelagic teleost Benthosema glaciale, except that the lipid is predominantly wax esters whose fatty alcohols and fatty acids are both rich in 20:1 (n-9) and 22:1 (n-11) moieties. An origin for the lipids of both species in the wax esters of calanoid copepods is indicated. The anatomical distribution of the lipids in these teleosts and their intracellular location point to their being fundamentally an energy store. The twin roles of neutral lipids in providing metabolic energy and buoyancy are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00446091
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lipids and life strategies of Calanus finmarchicus, Calanus glacialis and Calanus hyperboreus in late autumn, Kongsfjorden, Svalbard (2000)
    Springer
    Polar biology 23 (2000), S. 510-516 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2056
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Stage IV and V copepodites were the dominant forms of Calanus finmarchicus, C. glacialis and C. hyperboreus in Kongsfjorden in late September 1997. Stage IV and V copepodites of C. glacialis and C. hyperboreus were rich in lipid, largely wax esters, and were well fitted to overwinter. Stage IV copepodites of C. finmarchicus were also rich in wax esters, but stage V copepodites of C. finmarchicus were less wax ester-rich. Large size increments between stage IV and V copepodites and between stage V copepodites and females were noted in C. finmarchicus. A very large increment between stage IV and V copepodites was noted for C. glacialis but the size difference between stage V copepodites and females was very small in this species. Particularly large increments were noted between stage IV and V copepodites of C. hyperboreus and also between stage V copepodites and females of this species. The very large, wax ester-rich C. hyperboreus is well adapted to survive the most extreme variations in the Arctic, in Arctic basin waters, whereas the smaller, wax ester-rich C. glacialis is adapted to survive less extreme Arctic variations, as in Arctic shelf waters. The smallest of the three, C. finmarchicus, is best adapted to survive the more predictable waters of the North Atlantic and the Barents Sea.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003000000114
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Functional biodiversity of lipids in Antarctic zooplankton: Calanoides acutus, Calanus propinquus, Thysanoessa macrura and Euphausia crystallorophias (1999)
    Springer
    Polar biology 21 (1999), S. 37-47 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2056
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Zooplankton samples were collected in January 1993 off Dronning Maud Land along a transect from open waters to the marginal ice zone close to the Antarctic ice shelf. Thysanoessa macrura was caught in open waters while Calanoides acutus and Calanus propinquus were mainly sampled between ice floes in the marginal ice zone. The “ice-krill”Euphausia crystallorophias was found over the shelf directly associated with ice floes. T. macrura had a lipid content up to 36% of its dry weight with the dominant lipid class, wax ester, accounting for 45–50% of the total lipid. The predominance of 18:1 fatty alcohols is the striking characteristic of the wax esters. Small specimens of E. crystallorophias had lipid levels up to 26% of their dry weight with, unexpectedly, triacylglycerols being the dominant lipid (up to 41% of total lipid). The small levels of wax esters in these animals (3–6% of total lipid) had phytol as a major constituent. Large specimens of E. crystallorophias had up to 34% of their dry weight as lipid, with wax esters (47% of total lipid) dominated by 16:0 and 14:0 fatty alcohols as the major lipid. Calanus propinquus had lipid levels of up to 34% of their dry weight, with triacylglycerols (up to 63% of total lipid) being the dominant lipid. High levels of 22:1 (n-9) fatty acid were present in the triacylglycerols. Calanoides acutus had lipid levels up to 35% of the dry weight with wax esters accounting for up to 83% of total lipid. High levels of (n-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids were recorded with 20:5(n-3), 22:6(n-3) and 18:4(n-3) being the dominant moieties. On the basis of their lipid compositions we deduce that: (1) Calanoides acutus is the strictest herbivore among the four species studied, heavily utilizing the typical spring bloom; (2) T. macrura is essentially omnivorous, probably utilizing the less defined bloom situations found in oceanic waters; (3) E. crystallorophias is an omnivore well adapted to utilize both a bloom situation and to feed on ice algae and micro-zooplankton associated with the ice; (4) Calanus propinquus seems to be the most opportunistic feeder of the four species studied, probably grazing heavily on phytoplankton during a bloom and, during the rest of the year, feeding on whatever material is available, including particulates, flagellates and other ice-associated algae. We conclude that the different biochemical pathways generating large oil reserves of different compositions, enabling species to utilize different ecological niches, are major determinants of biodiversity in polar zooplankton.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003000050330
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An electron microscopic study of lipid absorption in the pyloric caeca of rainbow trout (Salmo gairdnerii) fed wax ester — rich zooplankton (1979)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 200 (1979), S. 475-486 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Lipid absorption ; Pyloric caeca ; Electron microscopy ; Feeding experiment ; Rainbow trout
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Rainbow trout were killed 4 and 18 h after being fed wax ester-rich marine Zooplankton and the absorptive epithelium of the pyloric caeca examined by electron microscopy. Numerous osmiophilic drops were seen in the lamina propria underlying the epithelium of fish killed at both times, but these drops were only abundant within columnar epithelial cells of fish killed 4 h after feeding. Pinocytotic profiles were not common at the luminal plasma membranes, nor were osmiophilic droplets seen in the terminal web area between the luminal plasma membrane and the extensive smooth endoplasmic reticulum. Numerous osmiophilic droplets, 30–100 nm in diameter, were present in the cisternae of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum with up to five separate droplets per individual cisterna. Columnar epithelial cells also contained up to 100 large osmiophilic drops (“conglomerates”) which tended to be concentrated in the supranuclear (Golgi) regions. The conglomerates were 250–1200 nm in diameter and were themselves made up of smaller droplets 30–400 nm in diameter. Conglomerates were present both within intracellular membranes and free in the cytoplasm. Osmiophilic droplets in the intercellular spaces and lamina propria were similar in size to individual droplets within conglomerates. We conclude that triacylglycerols are elaborated in the smooth endoplasmic reticulum, transferred to and processed in the Golgi region and finally discharged serosally as chylomicron-like particles of not greater than 400 nm diameter.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00234857
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Patterns of variation in the lipid class and fatty acid composition of Nannochloropsis oculata (Eustigmatophyceae) during batch culture (1991)
    Springer
    Journal of applied phycology 3 (1991), S. 169-181 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5176
    Keywords: environmental variables ; growth phase ; lipid biosynthesis ; polyunsaturated fatty acids ; Nannochloropsis oculata
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Changes in the lipid and fatty acyl compositions of the marine microalga Nannochloropsis oculata Droop were examined during a batch culture growth cycle. During the early phase of batch culture the cellular proportion of triacylglycerols (TAG) increased. This was in addition to the increases in TAG observed in many microalgal species in the stationary-phase. Concomitant increases in the relative proportions of both saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids and decreases in the proportion of polyunsaturated fatty acids in total lipid were also associated with this phase. The separated individual lipid classes were found to have characteristic fatty acyl compositions. The relative proportion of lipid per cell, the relative proportions of the individual lipid classes and the fatty acyl compositions of the individual classes were all subject to variability during the growth cycle. The changing total lipid fatty acyl composition of N. oculata was found to be determined by the proportion of the total lipid present as TAG. The data suggest that the changes observed in the fatty acyl composition of N. oculata are a result of the partitioning of photosynthetically fixed carbon between polar and neutral lipid class biosynthesis and fatty acyl desaturation and elongation pathways. The effect of such a partitioning of carbon is discussed in relation to the effects of environmental variables and growth phase upon the balance of lipid class and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) synthesis in marine microalgae.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00003699
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of salinity on the growth and lipid composition of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) and turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) cells in culture (1994)
    Springer
    Fish physiology and biochemistry 13 (1994), S. 451-461 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5168
    Keywords: Atlantic salmon ; turbot ; cell culture ; salinity ; growth ; lipids
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The direct effects of osmotic pressure (salinity) on growth performance and lipid composition were investigated in fish cells in culture. Cell lines from a relatively stenohaline marine species, turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) (TF) and an anadromous species, Atlantic salmon (AS) were cultured in media supplemented with NaCl to produce osmotic pressures varying from 300 to 500 mOsm kg−1. The growth rates of the two cell lines were affected in a similar manner by the salinity of the media with the rank order for both peak cell numbers and growth rates up to the day of peak cell number being 300 〉 350 〉 400 〉 450 〉 500 mOsm kg−1. Cell death occurred in both cell lines in older cultures at all salinities with the greatest loss of viable cells in media of 300 and 350 kg−1. However, there were quantitative and qualitative differences between the cell lines in their lipid metabolism in response to the salinity of the media. The lipid content expressed per cell showed a positive correlation between lipid per cell and salinity in TF cells, but this was less apparent in AS cells. The percentage of total polar lipid classes increased with increasing salinity in TF cells due mainly to graded increases in the percentages of choline phospholipids. In contrast, there were no significant differences in the proportions of polar and neutral lipid classes with salinity in AS cells. The only significant effect of salinity in AS cells was a decreased proportion of dimethylacetals in total lipid at the highest salinity. The same significant effect of salinity on dimethylacetal content of total lipid was observed in TF cells. However, in addition there was a graded decrease in the percentage of 18:2n-9 in TF cell total lipid with increasing salinity. This was accompanied by increased percentages of total n-3 and n-6 PUFA with higher proportions of both groups of PUFA at 450 and 500 compared with 300 mOsm kg−1. The results show that environmental salinity, in the absence of hormonal or other physiological stimuli, has direct effects on the growth and lipid metabolism of fish cells and that these effects differ in cells from different fish species.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00004328
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of salinity on the fatty acid compositions of total lipid and individual glycerophospholipid classes of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) and turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) cells in culture (1995)
    Springer
    Fish physiology and biochemistry 14 (1995), S. 125-137 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5168
    Keywords: Atlantic salmon ; turbot ; cell culture ; salinity ; fatty acids ; glycerophospholipids
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Cells from a relatively stenohaline marine species, turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) (TF) and an anadromous species, Atlantic salmon (AS) were cultured in media supplemented with NaCl to produce OPs varying from 300 to 500 mOsm kg−1 and the direct effects of OP (salinity) on the fatty acid compositions of the main glycerophospholipid classes were determined. The most dramatic effects of salinity on total lipid fatty acids were observed in polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in TF cells. There was a graded decrease in the percentage of 18:2n-9, and consequently total n-9 PUFA, and concomitantly increased percentages of both total n-3 and n-6 PUFA with increasing salinity. The increased n-3 and n-6 PUFA was due to significantly increased percentages of the major fatty acids in each of these groups, namely 22:6n-3 and 20:4n-6, respectively. The reciprocal changes in n-9 PUFA and n-3/n-6 PUFA in TF cell total lipid resulted in the percentage of total PUFA not being significantly affected by changes in salinity. The graded decrease in 18:2n-9 with increasing salinity in TF cells was observed in all the major glycerophospholipids but especially PE, PI and PS. Increasing salinity resulted in graded increases in the percentages of 22:6n-3 in PE and PS in TF cells. The quantitatively greatest increase in the percentage of n-6 PUFA in TF cells occurred with 20:4n-6 in PC, PE and PL. There were less significant changes in the fatty acid compositions of glycerophospholipids in AS cells. However, the proportion of total n-3 + n-6 PUFA in PE varied reciprocally with the proportion of dimethylacetals in response to salinity. Similar reciprocal changes between fatty acids in response to salinity were also evident in the quantitatively more minor glycerophospholipids PS and Pl. In PS, the percentage of 22:6n-3 was significantly lower at 400 mOsm kg−1 whereas the proportion of total monoenes was significantly higher at that salinity. A similar inverse relationship between total monoenes and 20:4n-6 (and, to a lesser extent total saturates) in response to salinity was noted in PI. The results show that environmental salinity, without whole-body physiological stimuli, has direct effects on the fatty acid composition of major glycerophospholipid classes in fish cells and that these effects differ in cells from different fish species
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00002456
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of dietary borage oil [enriched in γ-linolenic acid,18:3(n-6)] or marine fish oil [enriched in eicosapentaenoic acid,20:5(n-3)] on growth, mortalities, liver histopathology and lipid composition of juvenile turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) (1995)
    Springer
    Fish physiology and biochemistry 14 (1995), S. 373-383 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5168
    Keywords: turbot ; growth ; γ-linolenic acid ; eicosapentaenoic acid ; liver pathology ; lipids
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A marine fish oil, Marinol K (MO) and borage oil (BO) were used to formulate diets relatively rich in eicosapentaenoic acid [EPA; 20:5(n-3)] and γ-linolenic acid [GLA; 18:3(n-6)], respectively. The diets were fed to duplicate groups of juvenile turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) of initial weight 1.4 g for a period of 12 weeks. No differences were observed in final weights either between duplicate tanks or between dietary treatments. Mortalities in the MO-fed group were significantly greater than in the BO-fed group. In the MO-fed group, 7 out of 12 fish sampled for histological analysis showed a pronounced liver histopathology whereas only 1 of 12 fish sampled in the BO-fed group showed slight pathology. EPA levels were increased 2.2-fold and its elongation product, 22:5(n-3), was increased 1.8-fold while arachidonic acid [AA; 20:4(n-6)] was decreased by 30% in MO-fed fish compared to the initial carcass composition. GLA was increased 53-fold and its elongation product dihomo-γ-linolenic acid [DHGLA; 20:3(n-6)] was increased 16-fold while AA was reduced by 90% in BO-fed fish compared to the initial carcass composition. The amount of triacylglycerol in liver of BO-fed fish was significantly greater than levels in MO-fed fish. The fatty acid compositions of individual phospholipids from liver showed marked differences between dietary treatments. Fish fed MO had significantly higher levels of the (n-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), 20:5(n-3), 22:5(n-3) and 22:6(n-3), and also significantly more 20:4(n-6) compared to BO-fed fish which had significantly higher 18:2(n-6), 18:3(n-6), 20:2(n-6) and 20:3(n-6). The composition of liver phosphatidylinositol was particularly unusual in BO-fed fish having DHGLA as the major C20 PUFA which was 2.2-fold greater than AA and 3.9-fold greater than EPA. This study demonstrates that the carcass composition of turbot can be altered, by means of dietary lipids, to contain increased levels of EPA and DHGLA which would be of potential benefit in human as well as in fish nutrition. However, caution should be exercised when using very highly unsaturated oils relatively rich in EPA which may generate histopathological lesions in the fish.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00003375
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
Close ⊗
This website uses cookies and the analysis tool Matomo. More information can be found here...