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  • Articles  (68)
  • Springer  (68)
  • Physics  (37)
  • Biology  (34)
  • Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying  (1)
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  • Articles  (68)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Symposium: Shorebirds as a model for global conservation (1994)
    Springer
    Journal of ornithology 135 (1994), S. 508-512 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0361
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01640005
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Muller's ratchet and the accumulation of favourable mutations (1984)
    Springer
    Acta biotheoretica 33 (1984), S. 219-225 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8358
    Keywords: Muller's ratchet and favourable mutations
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Under the influence of recurrent deleterious mutation and selection, asexual and sexual populations reach a deterministic equilibrium with individuals carrying 0,1,2,. . . harmful mutations. When a favourable mutation (a→A) occurs in an asexual population it will usually occur in an individual who has one or more (k) deleterious mutations. Muller's ratchet then applies as A will thereafter never occur in an individual with less than k mutations. If the selective advantage of A is less than the selective disadvantage of k harmful mutations then A will not spread. If it is greater it may spread carrying k deleterious mutations to fixation. Sexual populations are not affected in this way. A will spread through the population experiencing genomes with 0,1,2,. . . deleterious mutations in accordance with the deterministic equilibrium.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00048429
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Temporal and spatial variation in mercury concentrations in some albatrosses and petrels from the sub-Antarctic (1993)
    Springer
    Polar biology 13 (1993), S. 239-244 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2056
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Mercury concentrations in albatrosses and some other large procellariiforms are very much higher than found in other groups of seabirds. Analysis of mercury concentrations in feather samples collected prior to 1950 and after this date showed slight, but significant, increases in three out of ten sub-Antarctic procellariiform species. The lack of widespread and pronounced increases in mercury concentrations in procellariiforms between these periods may indicate that industrial and agricultural emissions of mercury in the southern hemisphere have been relatively minor and the high concentrations are predominantly due to natural processes. Mercury concentrations were relatively consistent between body feathers of individuals, and showed no variation related to adult age (in years). Within species, mercury concentrations tended to be highest in New Zealand populations and lowest in Falkland Island and South Georgia populations. Mercury concentrations also varied among species, but not in a way that could be related to diet.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00238759
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Occurrence of aminoglycoside phosphotransferase subclass I and II structural genes among Enterobacteriaceae spp. isolated from meat samples (1990)
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 33 (1990), S. 547-552 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Summary 3′-Aminoglycoside phosphotransferase [APH(3′)] enzymes are a group responsible for resistance to the antibiotics kanamycin (Km) and neomycin (Nm) in bacteria. Escherichia coli ECT24, originally isolated from a meat sample, harboured an 83-kb conjugative R-plasmid (pRPJ24) that carries transferable resistance to Km and Nm. Plasmid pRPJ24 was transferred by conjugation to Enterobacter cloacae 94R, which was used as the source of plasmid DNA in development of a probe for the Km-resistance determinant. Random cloning of BamHI and HindIII double-digest restriction fragments of pRPJ24 in the pUC18 vector plasmid produced clones resistant to both Nm and Km carrying a 1.9-kb DNA insert. Southern hybridization of pRPJ24 cloned chimeric plasmid DNA (pKPJ94) showed homology with the APH(3′)II gene from transposon Tn5. A PstI digest of pKPJ94 produced a 920-bp fragment which hybridized with the APH(3′)II structural gene, and was used as a DNA probe for the APH(3′)II subclass gene. A 980-bp BamHI fragment from plasmid pGH54 carrying the APH(3′)I gene from transposon Tn903 was used as a subclass I probe. Total DNA from 206 randomly screened Km-resistant Enterobacteriaceae isolates from raw ground beef and chicken meat samples were examined for the occurrence of APH(3′) subclass I and II using non-radioactively-labelled DNA probes. Thirty-six percent and 60% of the isolates examined carried subclass I and II resistances, respectively, in the isolates from chicken meat samples. The corresponding values for bacterial strains from raw ground beef samples were 51% and 72%, respectively. Four percent of the resistant bacterial isolates from chicken samples did not display homology to either probe. This value was 28% for bacterial isolates from ground beef. Three percent of bacterial isolates from chicken samples and 44% from ground beef samples displayed homology to both APH(3′) I and II DNA probes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00172549
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Deformation enhanced photoemission from aluminum (1977)
    Springer
    Applied physics 12 (1977), S. 301-310 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 78.60 ; 79.40 ; 81
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Measurement of the photoyield of flexurally fatigued aluminum is reported as a function of photon energy for two different initial microstructures of the material. It was found that for photon energies less than about 9 eV fatigue enhances the photoemission. It was also observed that this “photo-stimulated exoelectron emission” is quite sensitive to the initial microstructure. The enhancement occurs much more rapidly with fatigue for well-annealed Al than for work hardened specimens. The results appear to be consistent with a model, to be presented in Part II which is based on a resonant coupling between the surface electromagnetic modes (plasmons) of the metal and the incident photon. This resonance is made possible by the development of dislocation slip steps on the surface during fatigue. The effect of material condition is shown to be primarily a difference in the kinetics of slip step formation. The effects of ion sputtering to remove oxides and of the angle of incidence of the photons are also reported. Above 9 eV the photoyield was found to be almost insensitive to fatigue, usually decreasing slightly.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00886030
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electrochemical induction of alkali-silica reaction in concrete (1991)
    Springer
    Materials and structures 24 (1991), S. 359-361 
    Details
    ISSN: 1359-5997
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Description / Table of Contents: Resume L’utilisation de la protection cathodique pour neutraliser la corrosion de l’acier dans le béton provoquée par le chlorure entraîne la formation d’ions hydroxyles à la surface du métal enrobé. Les essais préliminaires décrits dans cette note avaient pour but d’évaluer un éventuel effet secondaire de ce processus dans les cas où le béton contient un granulat réactif. Pour les échantillons de béton contenant un granulat de silex calciné, on a montré que l’expansion locale nocive du matériau était provoquée par la réaction silicoalcaline qui se produit dans le voisinage de l’acier enrobé quand celui-ci est soumis à une polarisation potentiostatique pendant une durée de plusieurs mois à −850 mV (échelle SCE). Des études se poursuivent dans le but d’obtenir une connaissance plus approfondie de ce phénomène et contribuer à l’évaluation de ses conséquences pratiques.
    Notes: Abstract The use of cathodic protection as a method of countering chloride-induced corrosion of steel in concrete causes the formation of hydroxyl ions at the surface of the embedded metal. The preliminary experiments described in this note were aimed at evaluating a possible side-effect of this process under circumstances where the concrete contains a potentially reactive aggregate. For concrete specimens containing calcined flint aggregate, it was shown that deleterious local expansion of the material was generated owing to alkali-silica reaction induced in the vicinity of embedded steel when the latter was subjected to potentiostatic polarization for a period of several months at −850 mV (SCE scale). Continuing investigations are aimed at providing further insight into this phenomenon to aid the assessment of its practical implications.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02472069
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mammalian arylsulfatases A and B: relative rates of hydrolysis of artificial substrates (1986)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 42 (1986), S. 150-151 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Arylsulfatase A ; arylsulfatase B ; 4-methylumbelliferyl sulfate ; rodent ; bovine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Rodent and bovine arylsulfatase B hydrolyze 4-methylumbelliferyl sulfate (4MUS) 10- to 30-fold more efficiently than arylsulfatase A. Therefore, 4MUS grossly underestimates arylsulfatase A activity in the presence of excess arylsulfatase B.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01952440
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Age changes in bone mineralization, cortical thickness, and Haversian canal area (1980)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 31 (1980), S. 5-11 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Absorptiometry ; Cortical thickness ; Bone mineral ; Haversian canal
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Summary Age-related changes in femoral cortical bone were quantified in an age-graded series of human cadavers. Variables included in this study were cortical thickness, bone mineral content, cortical bone density, summed Haversian canal area, Haversian canal number, and mean Haversian canal area. Females showed significant (P〈0.05) decreases in cortical thickness, bone mineral content, and cortical bone density when plotted against age. Males exhibited slight nonsignificant declines for cortical thickness, bone mineral content, and cortical bone density. Both males and females exhibited significant (P〈0.05) age-related increases in summed Haversian canal area values and Haversian canal number. Females as a group were found to exhibit significantly (P〈0.05) larger mean Haversian canal area values compared with males, but the male group exhibited more Haversian canals per unit area of cortical bone compared with females. Intercorrelations between the bone mineral index and summed Haversian canal area and between cortical bone density and summed Haversian canal area define the role of increasing Haversian canal number and mean canal size per unit area of cortical bone as a factor in the reduction of bone mass as a function of age. Partial correlations between the bone mass variables and the variables assessing Haversian canal size and number further support this argument.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02407161
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparison of bone apatite in osteoporotic and normal Eskimos (1983)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 35 (1983), S. 392-393 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Osteoporosis ; Infrared ; Bone mineral ; Bone resorption
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Summary An infrared and x-ray diffraction study of osteoporotic and normal, archaeological Eskimo bones. Osteoporotic bone apatite is greater in crystal size and/or perfection and lower in CO3 than normal bone apatite.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02405064
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Perspectives on osteoporosis research: Its focus and some insights from a new paradigm (1995)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 57 (1995), S. 399-404 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Conclusion (1) Could future osteoporosis research begin to account for the things described in this editorial? (2) Could agencies that give grants to support that research begin to encourage that accounting? (3) Since the FDA guidelines have great influence on what osteoporosis research is done and not done, mitht revisions of the 1994 guidelines try to acknowledge those things?
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00301939
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