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  • L-lysine  (1)
  • ecological engineering  (1)
  • Springer  (2)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of media composition on substrate removal by pure and mixed bacterial cultures (1993)
    Springer
    Biodegradation 4 (1993), S. 23-38 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9729
    Keywords: 2-chlorophenol ; continuous culture ; L-lysine ; mixed microbial community ; multicomponent substrate
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Continuous culture experiments with identical experimental designs were run with a mixed microbial community of activated sludge origin and an axenic bacterial culture derived from it. Each culture received 2-chlorophenol (2-CP) at a concentration of 160 mg/L as COD and L-lysine at a concentration of 65 mg/L as COD. A factorial experimental design was employed with dilution rate and media composition as the two controlled variables. Three dilution rates were studied: 0.015, 0.0325, and 0.05 h−1. Media composition was changed by adding four biogenic compounds (butyric acid, thymine, glutamic acid and lactose) in equal COD proportions at total concentrations of 0, 34, 225, and 1462 mg/L as COD. The measured variables were the effluent concentrations of 2-CP as measured by the 4-aminoantipyrene test and lysine as measured by the o-diacetylbenzene procedure. The results suggest that community structure and substrate composition play important roles in the response of a microbial community to mixed substrates. The addition of more biogenic substrates to the axenic culture had a deleterious effect on the removal of both lysine and 2-CP, although the effect was much larger on lysine removal. In contrast, additional substrates had a positive effect on the removal of 2-CP by the mixed community and much less of a negative effect on the removal of lysine. The dilution rate at which the cultures were growing had relatively little impact on the responses to the additional substrates.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00701452
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ecological Engineering of Bioreactors for Wastewater Treatment (2000)
    Springer
    Water, air & soil pollution 123 (2000), S. 117-132 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2932
    Keywords: biological nutrient removal ; ecological engineering ; filamentous bulking ; glycogen accumulating organisms ; nitrifying bacteria ; phosphorus accumulating organisms
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract Biological nutrient removal (BNR) systems remove carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus from wastewaters through biodegradation of organic compounds, oxidation of ammonia-N to nitrate-N, reduction of nitrate-N to N2 gas, and sequestration of phosphorus as polyphosphate. The microbial community in such systems is complex because it must contain heterotrophic bacteria capable of aerobic respiration, anaerobic respiration, and fermentation; specialized heterotrophic bacteria that can store polyphosphate; and autotrophic nitrifying bacteria that can withstand long periods without oxygen. Although the basic design principles for BNR systems are reasonably well established, it is becoming apparent that a greater understanding of the microbial interactions involved is required to increase system reliability. For example, although the environment established for the selection of phosphorus accumulating organisms was thought to give them a strong competitive advantage over other heterotrophic bacteria, this has turned out not to be the case. Rather, glycogen accumulating organisms can compete quite effectively in the same environment. Furthermore, BNR systems have suffered from problems with sludge settleability, even though many of the system characteristics are considered to be conducive to the suppression of filamentous bacteria. Finally, the use of molecular techniques has revealed that the autotrophic nitrifying bacteria are different from those that had been considered to be present. This paper reviews the microbial ecology of BNR systems, establishes how molecular biology techniques are changing our understanding of that ecology, and suggests ways in which engineering control can be exerted over community structure, thereby increasing the reliability of BNR systems.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1005201528411
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