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  • Wheat  (89)
  • Springer  (89)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genomic mapping of defense response genes in wheat (1999)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 98 (1999), S. 226-233 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Molecular mapping ; Wheat ; Resistance ; Defense response genes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  Defense response (DR) genes are a broad class involved in plant defense. In this study we mapped 36 probes representing seven classes of defense response genes. This collection of probes represents genes involved in the hypersensitive response (HR), pathogenesis-related (PR) genes, genes for the flavonoid metabolic pathway, genes encoding proline/glycine-rich proteins, ion channel regulators, lipoxygenase, lectin, and others. Using nullisomic-tetrasomic lines of ‘Chinese Spring’, we were able to assign at least 167 loci to the 21 chromosomes of wheat. Homoeologous group 7 chromosomes possessed the most DR loci followed by group 2. Sixty-two loci were placed on existing genetic linkage maps of wheat. Map locations indicated that the DR gene loci are not randomly distributed throughout the wheat genome, but rather are located in clusters and/or in distal gene-rich regions of the chromosomes. Knowledge of the chromosomal locations and genome organization of DR genes will be useful for candidate gene analysis of quantitative trait loci.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220051062
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Early post-pollination events in hexaploid wheat × maize crosses (1990)
    Springer
    Sexual plant reproduction 3 (1990), S. 70-76 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2145
    Keywords: Wheat ; Maize ; Hybridization ; Fertilization ; Karyogamy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Cytological events in the first 12 h after pollination were studied in crosses between the hexaploid wheat genotype Chinese Spring and the maize genotype Seneca 60. A pollen tube was first observed in the embryo sac 4 h after pollination, and maize sperm nuclei were first observed in the embryo sac after 5 h. On 29 occasions two, and on 1 occasion three, pollen tubes penetrated the embryo sac. Four categories of aberration limiting the frequency of fertilization were identified: (1) in 20% of florets no pollen tube reached the embryo sac; (2) in at least 1.9% the pollen tube severely damaged the wheat egg cell and polar nuclei; (3) in 33% the maize sperm nuclei were not released from the pollen tube; and (4) in 16% the sperm nuclei were released into the embryo sac but failed to move to either of the wheat gametes. In the remaining 29% sperm nuclei were more often found in the egg cell than at the polar nuclei. The results suggest that karyogamy occurs with very high efficiency when a sperm nucleus reaches the egg cell, but with only about 50% efficiency when a sperm nucleus reaches the polar nuclei.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00189954
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The production of haploid wheat plants from wheat x maize crosses (1988)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 76 (1988), S. 393-397 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Wheat ; Maize ; Wide-crosses ; Embryo culture ; Haploids
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Hybrid embryos from hexaploid wheat x maize crosses rapidly lose the maize chromosomes to produce haploid wheat embryos. Such embryos almost always aborted when left to develop on the plant, and only 1 was recovered from 2440 florets (0.17% of the expected number). Embryos had greater viability in spikelet culture, 47 (26.5% of the expected number) being recovered from 706 ovaries. Thirty-two of these embryos germinated to give green plants, 31 of which were haploid (21 wheat chromosomes) and 1 of which was euploid (42 wheat chromosomes). Spikelet culture enabled 17.1% of the expected number of embryos to be recovered as haploid plants, a 100-fold improvement on allowing embryos to develop in vivo. Ten haploid plants of ‘Chinese Spring’ (kr1, kr2), 13 plants of ‘Chinese Spring (Hope 5A)’ (kr1, Kr2), and 8 of ‘Hope’ (Kr1, Kr2) were recovered. The potential of wheat x maize crosses for wheat haploid production and for gene transfer from maize to wheat is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00265339
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic characterisation of a further homoeoallelic series of grain esterase loci,Est-6, in wheat (1990)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 79 (1990), S. 294-296 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Grain esterase ; Wheat ; Isoelectric focussing ; Isozymes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Isoelectric focussing in alkaline pH gels has permitted the identification of a new homoeoallelic series of genes,Est-6, encoding grain esterases in bread wheat,Triticum aestivum. Nullisomic analysis located these genes to the short arms of the homoeologous group 2 chromosomes. A search for polymorphism withinEst-6 revealed null alleles at each ofEst-A6,Est-B6 andEst-D6. A further homoeolocus,Est-M6, is present on chromosome arm2MS ofAegilops comosa.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01186070
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of the crossability loci Kr1 and Kr2 on fertilization frequency in hexaploid wheat x maize crosses (1987)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 73 (1987), S. 403-409 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Wheat ; Maize ; Crossability genes ; Chromosome elimination ; Haploids
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Dominant alleles of the Kr1 and Kr2 genes reduce the crossability of hexaploid wheat with many alien species, including rye and Hordeum bulbosum, with Kr1 having the greater effect. However, a cytological study of wheat ovaries fixed 48 h after pollination showed that the wheat genotypes ‘Highbury’ (kr1, Kr2) and ‘Chinese Spring (Hope 5B)’ (kr1, kr2) were crossable with ‘Seneca 60’ maize, fertilization occurring in 14.4 and 30.7% of embryo sacs respectively. The latter figure was similar to the 29.7% fertilization found in ‘Chinese Spring’ (kr1, kr2). Most embryo sacs in which fertilization occurred contained an embryo but lacked an endosperm and where an endosperm was formed it was usually highly aberrant. All three wheat x maize combinations were karyotypically unstable and rapidly eliminated maize chromosomes to produce haploid wheat embryos.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00262508
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    RFLP-based genetic maps of wheat homoeologous group 7 chromosomes (1989)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 78 (1989), S. 495-504 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Wheat ; Genetic mapping ; RFLPs ; Isozymes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) mapping was attempted using 18 cDNA clones, 14 anonymous and 4 of known function, which had been shown to have homologous DNA sequences on the group 7 chromosomes of wheat. The loci identified by these probes have been mapped on one or more chromosomes in this homoeologous group using linkage data derived from various F2, random inbred, doubled haploid and single chromosome recombinant populations. The maps also include three isozyme loci, five disease resistance loci, two anthocyanin pigment loci and a vernalisation response locus. The mapping data have been used to determine the extent of map co-linearity over the A, B and D genomes, the degree of RFLP variability in the three genomes and the relative efficiency of various restriction enzymes in detecting RFLPs in wheat. The strategy for future mapping in wheat, particularly the use of “alien” genomes or segments, such as that from Aegilops ventricosa used here, is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00290833
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nonhomoeologous translocations between group 4, 5 and 7 chromosomes within wheat and rye (1992)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 83 (1992), S. 305-312 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Wheat ; Rye ; RFLP ; Isozymes ; Evolutionary translocations
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Genetic maps of wheat chromosome 4A and rye chromosome arm 5RL, and the chromosomal locations of 70 sets of isozyme and molecular homoeoloci have been used to further define the structure of wheat chromosomes 4A, 5A and 7B, and rye chromosomes 4R, 5R and 7R. We provide evidence, for the first time, which is consistent with the presence of an interstitial segment on 4AL originating from 5AL, and of a segment originally from 5RL on 7RS. The evolutionary origins of the present chromosomes are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00224276
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Development and molecular cytogenetic analysis of wheat-Haynaldia villosa 6VS/6AL translocation lines specifying resistance to powdery mildew (1995)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 91 (1995), S. 1125-1128 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Wheat ; Haynaldia villosa ; Alien translocation ; Powdery mildew resistance ; In situ hybridization
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Several Triticum aestivum L.-Haynaldia villosa disomic 6VS/6AL translocation lines with powdery mildew resistance were developed from the hybridization between common wheat cultivar Yangmai 5 and alien substitution line 6V(6A). Mitotic and meiotic C-banding analysis, aneuploid analysis with double ditelosomic stocks, in situ hybridization, as well as the phenotypic assessment of powdery mildew resistance, were used to characterize these lines. The same translocated chromosome, with breakpoints near the centromere, appears to be present in all the lines, despite variation among the lines in their morphology and agronomic characteristics. The resistance gene, conferred by H. villosa and designated as Pm21, is a new and promising source of powdery mildew resistance in wheat breeding.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00223930
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cycling of amino-nitrogen between shoots and roots in wheat seedlings (1986)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 91 (1986), S. 319-322 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Nitrogen cycling ; Nitrogen-15 tracer ; Split root experiments ; Triticum aestivum L. ; Wheat ; Xylem sap
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary One part of a split root system of wheat seedlings received full nutrient solution with15N-nitrate, the other received an identical solution with unlabelled nitrate. Appearance of labelled amino compounds was measured in the xylem sap exuding from roots not supplied directly with15N-nitrate after removal of the15N-nitrate-fed roots. This material indicates cycling of nitrogen from the shoots and through the roots. About 60 per cent of the nitrogen in the xylem appears to be cycling in this way.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02198115
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phenolic acid content of soils from wheat-no till, wheat-conventional till, and fallow-conventional till soybean cropping systems (1991)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 17 (1991), S. 1045-1068 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Wheat ; Triticum aestivum ; soybean ; Glycine max ; no till ; conventional till ; soil extracts ; allelopathy ; phenolic acids ; Folin & Ciocalteu's phenol reagent ; HPLC
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Soil core (0–2.5 and/or 0–10 cm) samples were taken from wheat no till, wheat-conventional till, and fallow-conventional till soybean cropping systems from July to October of 1989 and extracted with water in an autoclave. The soil extracts were analyzed for seven common phenolic acids (p-coumaric, vanillic,p-hydroxybenzoic, syringic, caffeic, ferulic, and sinapic; in order of importance) by high-performance liquid chromatography. The highest concentration observed was 4 μg/g soil forp-coumaric acid. Folin & Ciocalteu's phenol reagent was used to determine total phenolic acid content. Total phenolic acid content of 0- to 2.5-cm core samples was approximately 34% higher than that of the 0- to 10-cm core samples. Phenolic acid content of 0- to 2.5-cm core samples from wheat-no till systems was significantly higher than those from all other cropping systems. Individual phenolic acids and total phenolic acid content of soils were highly correlated. The last two observations were confirmed by principal component analysis. The concentrations were confirmed by principal component analysis, tions of individual phenolic acids extracted from soil samples were related to soil pH, water content of soil samples, total soil carbon, and total soil nitrogen. Indirect evidence suggested that phenolic acids recovered by the water-autoclave procedure used came primarily from bound forms in the soil samples.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01402933
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