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  • 1
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    IJERPH, Vol. 16, Pages 434: Asegúrate: An Intervention Program against Cyberbullying Based on Teachers’ Commitment and on Design of Its Instructional Materials (2019)
    MDPI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019
    Description: This article presents the impact on cyberbullying of the Asegúrate program. This educational program is based on the theory of normative social behavior, self-regulation skills, and the beliefs held by adolescents and consists in a whole package of strategies and resources to help teachers to include in the ordinary curricula. The evaluation of Asegúrate was carried out with a sample of 4779 students (48.9% girls) in 5th and 6th grade in primary education and compulsory secondary education (M = 12.76; SD = 1.67) through a quasi-experimental methodology, with two measures over time. The instrument used was the European Cyberbullying Intervention Project Questionnaire. The results show that the involvement in cyberbullying as cyber-victim, cyber-aggressor, and cyber-bully-victim increase without intervention, whereas it diminishes when intervention is carried out by the teachers who have received specific training and have used the didactic Asegúrate package. Additionally, the impact of the intervention on the different types of behaviors was analyzed, and the results show that Asegúrate is more effective with some forms than with others. Consequently, the Asegúrate program is effective for decreasing the prevalence of cyberbullying, but some modifications need to be made to impact on all the different forms it can take.
    Print ISSN: 1661-7827
    Electronic ISSN: 1660-4601
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Published by MDPI
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  • 2
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    Remote Sensing, Vol. 11, Pages 167: Thermal Energy Release Measurement with Thermal Camera: The Case of La Solfatara Volcano (Italy) (2019)
    MDPI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019
    Description: Quiescent volcanoes dissipate a large part of their thermal energy through hot soils and ground degassing mainly in restricted areas called Diffuse Degassing Structures. La Solfatara crater represents the main spot of thermal release for the Campi Flegrei volcano (Italy) despite its reduced dimensions with regards to the whole caldera. The purpose of this study was to develop a method to measure thermal energy release extrapolating it from the ground surface temperature. We used imaging from thermal cameras at short distances (1 m) to obtain a mapping of areas with thermal anomalies and a measure of their temperatures. We built a conceptual model of the energy release from the ground to atmosphere, which well fits the experimental data taken in the La Solfatara crater. Using our model and data, we could estimate the average heat flux in a portion of the crater as q a v g = 220 ± 40 W / m 2 , compatible with other measurements in literature.
    Electronic ISSN: 2072-4292
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geography
    Published by MDPI
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  • 3
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    IJERPH, Vol. 15, Pages 2664: Parenting Practices as Risk or Preventive Factors for Adolescent Involvement in Cyberbullying: Contribution of Children and Parent Gender (2018)
    MDPI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018
    Description: Literature points out the role of parenting on adolescent cyberbullying involvement. However, it is necessary to clarify how gender affects this relationship. The aim of this study has been to examine the relation between the adolescents’ perception about parenting practices, and their involvement in cyberbullying, bearing in mind both girls’ and boys’ gender and progenitors’ gender. The sample comprised 2060 Spanish secondary school students (47.9% girls; Mage = 14.34). Two-way ANOVA and binary logistic regression analyses were carried out. An effect of the interaction between sex and cyberbullying roles in maternal affection and communication, inductive discipline, and psychological control, as well as paternal promotion of autonomy and psychological control, was found. In general, it can be observed that the more negative results were found in cyber-aggressors, especially when this role is assumed by girls. The results of logistic regression analysis suggest that parenting practices explain better cyberbullying involvement in girls compared to boys, finding some important differences between both sexes regarding protective and risk factors. These findings highlight the importance of parenting practices to explain cyberbullying involvement, which supports the necessity of including family among the addresses of intervention programs.
    Print ISSN: 1661-7827
    Electronic ISSN: 1660-4601
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
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  • 4
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    Diversity, Vol. 11, Pages 230: Geographical Range Extension of the Spotfin burrfish, Chilomycterus reticulatus (L. 1758), in the Canary Islands: A Response to Ocean Warming? (2019)
    MDPI
    In: Diversity
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019
    Description: In recent decades, numerous marine species have changed their distribution ranges due to ocean warming. The Spotfin burrfish, Chilomycterus reticulatus, is a reef fish with a global distribution along tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the Pacific, Indian and Atlantic oceans. In this work, we analyzed the presence of this species, between 1990 and 2019, at two islands of the Canarian Archipelago under varying oceanographic conditions: El Hierro (the westernmost island, under more tropical conditions) and Gran Canaria (a central-east island, under more cooler conditions). We expected that, under increased ocean temperatures in recent decades, the number of sightings has increased in Gran Canaria relative to El Hierro. We compiled information from different sources, including interviews and local citizenship databases. A total of 534 sightings were reported: 38.58% from El Hierro and 61.43% from Gran Canaria. The number of sightings on Gran Canaria has significantly increased through time, at a rate of 0.1 sightings per year; at El Hierro, however, the number of sightings has not significantly changed over time. Sea Surface Temperature has linearly increased in both El Hierro and Gran Canaria islands over the last three decades. Positive Sea Surface Temperature anomalies, particularly in 1998 and 2010, including high winter minimum temperatures, provide an ideal oceanographic context to favour the arrival of new individuals and, consequently, the increase in the number of sightings in Gran Canaria. Still, potential donor areas of fish recruits remain unknown.
    Electronic ISSN: 1424-2818
    Topics: Biology
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  • 5
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    Thermal Energy Release Measurement with Thermal Camera: The Case of La Solfatara Volcano (Italy) (2020)
    MDPI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-01-23
    Description: Quiescent volcanoes dissipate a large part of their thermal energy through hot soils and ground degassing mainly in restricted areas called Diffuse Degassing Structures. La Solfatara crater represents the main spot of thermal release for the Campi Flegrei volcano (Italy) despite its reduced dimensions with regards to the whole caldera. The purpose of this study was to develop a method to measure thermal energy release extrapolating it from the ground surface temperature. We used imaging from thermal cameras at short distances (1 m) to obtain a mapping of areas with thermal anomalies and a measure of their temperatures. We built a conceptual model of the energy release from the ground to atmosphere, which well fits the experimental data taken in the La Solfatara crater. Using our model and data, we could estimate the average heat flux in a portion of the crater as qavg = 220 40W/m2, compatible with other measurements in literature.
    Description: Published
    Description: id 167
    Description: 2V. Struttura e sistema di alimentazione dei vulcani
    Description: JCR Journal
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The antibiotic complex of retamycins: A fast atom bombardment mass spectrometric study (1989)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 18 (1989), S. 553-557 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6134
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Fast atom bombardment (FAB) mass spectrometry is, for the first time, successfully applied to the underivatized anthracycline antibiotics retamycins E1 and E2, using bis-(2-hydroxyethyl)sulphide as the matrix compound. The spectra are characterized by abundant protonated molecular ions and also by a number of sequence ions, which can be easily rationalized in terms of the carbohydrate sequence in the molecules. The relative abundance of these ions seems to depend on the functionalities close to the glycosidic oxygen, and also on their stereochemical relationship. Structural results are also confirmed by the analysis of the FAB mass spectra of the acetyl derivatives.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200180807
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    “One-pot” synthesis of poly(amide-imide)s derived from trimellitic acid monoesters and multiring aromatic diamines (1996)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 34 (1996), S. 1219-1227 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: 1,2,4-benzenetricarboxylic acid monoesters ; poly(amide-imide) structural regularity ; poly(amide-imide) “one-pot” synthesis ; 13C-NMR spectra of poly(amide-imide) ; phosphorylation reaction ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Aromatic processable poly(amide-imide)s have been prepared according to the Yamazaki and Higashi phosphorylation reaction from flexible aromatic diamines and a mixture of isomeric 1,2,4-benzenetricarboxylic acid monoethylesters following a novel “one-pot” procedure. The polymerization was performed in 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidone/LiCl solutions using triphenylphosphite and pyridine as condensing agents to form amide bonds. Cyclization of the intermediate poly(amide-amic ethylester) occurred by eliminating ethanol under the polymerization conditions used, thus leading to the formation of imide rings. The influence of several parameters which regulate the degree of polymerization and the formation of the imide rings, such as reaction temperature, triphenylphosphite/monomers molar ratio, and pyridine concentration was carefully investigated. In particular, the catalytic activity of pyridine in the imidization reaction has been demonstrated. 13C-NMR spectroscopy has been used to show the absence of constitutional regularity in the prepared PAIs thus indicating equal reactivity toward polycondensation of the two different carboxyl groups of the 1,2,4-benzenetricarboxylic acid monoethylesters. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chiroptical properties, structure, and absolute configuration of heterosubstituted 2(5H)-furanones (1997)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Chirality 9 (1997), S. 537-544 
    Details
    ISSN: 0899-0042
    Keywords: Circular dichroism ; helicity rule ; X-ray structure determination ; ultraviolet spectra ; n - π* and π - π* bands ; Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Chiroptical properties of a series of 3 and/or 4-heterosubstituted 2(5H)-furanones were investigated with respect to correlation with absolute configuration. The n - π* and π - π* Cotton effects have been assigned on the basis of comparison with the UV spectra in solvents of varying polarity. It is demonstrated that the n - π* transition in 4-amino substituted 2(5H)-furanones appears at shorter wavelength with respect to the π - π* transition. With the exception of 4-pyrrolidino and 4-benzylamino substituted 2(5H)-furanones, other heterosubstituted 2(5H)-furanones follow the butenolide configurational rule (Gawronski et al. J. Org. Chem. 61:1513-1515, 1996). Absolute configuration of 2(5H)-furanone derivatives can also be assigned according to the sign of the Cotton effect (of unknown origin) at 200-230 nm. The structure of four representative sulfur and nitrogen substituted 2(5H)-furanones has been analyzed by X-ray diffraction. The results indicate planarity of the furanone ring and extended conjugation in 4-amino substituted 2(5H)-furanones. Chirality 9:537-544, 1997. © 1997 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mass spectrometric study of simple olefinic flames: Comparison with laser diagnostics of C2H4/O2/Ar flames at 20 torr (1992)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry 6 (1992), S. 278-283 
    Details
    ISSN: 0951-4198
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A new research apparatus for characterization of low-pressure premixed flames has been developed. This instrument incorporates several spectral techniques in one apparatus so that various diagnostic techniques can be quantitatively compared and the usable detection range expanded. Features include detection by mass analysis with a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer and by laser techniques such as laser-induced fluorescence. Temperature profiles of the flame both with and without the mass spectrometer probe were obtained by thermocople. Concentration profiles of the highly reactive flame species H·, O, and OH· were obtained and compared.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rcm.1290060411
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analysis of a bioactive synthetic analogue of tuftsin by tandem mass spectrometry: Anomalous fast atom bombardment activated processes (1994)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 23 (1994), S. 262-266 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Fast atom bombardment (FAB) tandem mass spectrometry has been used to analyse the biologically potent, partially modified retro-inverso (PMRI) synthetic isomer of tuftsin: this compound represents the active peptide of the fraction of γ-globulin (leukokinin) which binds specifically to blood neutrophilic leukocytes and monocytes. Protonated molecules and fragment ions were collisionally dissociated at low energies in a triple-quadrupole mass spectrometer to yield a complete picture of the reactions that occur in the condensed and in the gas phase. The study shows that, when retro-inversion is within the N-terminal amino acid, charge localization at the basic sites (possibly at the N-terminus) induces a marked decomposition of the molecule, the loss of ammonia being the most favourable fragmentation process. Also, artifacts are formed in the liquid phase via bimolecular reactions promoted by the high-energy beam. The findings indicate that despite the fact that PMRI isomers of this type are stable against exo-peptidases and also stable under acidic conditions, they appear to be labile under conditions where the energy deposition, due to FAB is necessarily high.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200230504
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