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  • PANGAEA  (63)
  • Royal Society of Chemistry  (8)
  • GSA, Geological Society of America  (4)
  • Springer Nature  (2)
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  • 1
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    Reorganization of the North Atlantic Oscillation during early Holocene deglaciation (2016)
    Springer Nature
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-07-18
    Description: The North Atlantic Oscillation is the dominant atmospheric pressure mode in the North Atlantic region and affects winter temperature and precipitation in the Mediterranean, northwest Europe, Greenland, and Asia. The index that describes the sea-level pressure difference between Iceland and the Azores is correlated with a dipole precipitation pattern over northwest Europe and northwest Africa. How the North Atlantic Oscillation will develop as the Greenland ice sheet melts is unclear. A potential past analogue is the early Holocene, during which melting ice sheets around the North Atlantic freshened surface waters, affecting the strength of the meridional overturning circulation. Here we present a Holocene rainfall record from northwest Africa based on speleothem 18 O and compare it against a speleothem-based rainfall record from Europe. The two records are positively correlated during the early Holocene, followed by a shift to an anti-correlation, similar to the modern record, during the mid-Holocene. On the basis of our simulations with an Earth system model, we suggest the shift to the anti-correlation reflects a large-scale atmospheric and oceanic reorganization in response to the demise of the Laurentide ice sheet and a strong reduction of meltwater flux to the North Atlantic, pointing to a potential sensitivity of the North Atlantic Oscillation to the melting of ice sheets. © 2016 Macmillan Publishers Limited. All rights reserved.
    Print ISSN: 1752-0894
    Electronic ISSN: 1752-0908
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Springer Nature
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  • 2
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    Rapid sea-level rise and reef back-stepping at the close of the last interglacial highstand (2009)
    Springer Nature
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-04-01
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Springer Nature
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  • 3
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    An alternative data acquisition and evaluation strategy for improved isotope ratio precision using LA-MC-ICP-MS applied to stable and radiogenic strontium isotopes in carbonates (2008)
    Royal Society of Chemistry
    In:  Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry, 23 (7). pp. 955-961.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-06-07
    Description: Strontium isotopes in various marine carbonates were determined using an “AXIOM” MC-ICP-MS in combination with a NewWave UP193 laser ablation unit. Using a modified measurement and data reduction strategy, an external reproducibility of 87Sr/86Sr ratios in carbonates of about 19 ppm (RSD) was achieved. For recent and sub-recent marine carbonates a mean radiogenic strontium isotope ratio 87Sr/86Sr of 0.709170 ± 0.000007 (2SE) was determined, which agrees well with the value of 0.7091741 ± 0.0000024 (2SE) reported for modern sea water (J. M. McArthur, D. Rio, F. Massari, D. Castrodi, T. R. Bailey, M. Thirlwall and S. Houghton, Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoeco., 2006, 242(126), 2006). Compared to published laser-based methods, an improved accuracy and precision was achieved by applying a new data reduction protocol using the simultaneous responses of all isotopes measured. The latter is considered as a new principal approach for isotope ratio evaluation using LA-MC-ICP-MS. A major advantage of the presented method is the direct determination of the stable strontium isotope fractionation. Providing reproducible sample ablation, introduction into the plasma and stable plasma condition, this method excludes the efforts of a quantitative strontium recovery after ion chromatographic separation to avoid additional fractionation of the sample strontium due to chemical pre-treatment/separation (ion chromatography and solution preparation), and is therefore, together with the quicker sample preparation and spatially resolved analysis, advantageous when compared to published solution–nebulization bracketing-standard MC-ICP-MS methods for stable strontium isotope determination.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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  • 4
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    Experimental evaluation of elemental behavior during LA-ICP-MS: influences of plasma conditions and limits of plasma robustness (2016)
    Royal Society of Chemistry
    In:  Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry, 31 (1). pp. 234-244.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-02-01
    Description: Matrix effects are one of the frequently observed and discussed issues challenging the accuracy of LA-ICP-MS results. The specific role of the ICP as a source of elemental fractionation seems not fully understood. We report the results of an experiment using six internationally available reference materials (five silicates, one carbonate) measured under 11 different plasma conditions. The thermal/energetic state of the plasma was estimated based on the ratio of Ar-38(+) and Ar-40(2)+ ions. We show that element specific behavior (volatile vs. refractory) dominates at cool but vanishes under hot plasma conditions. For robust (hot) plasma conditions matrix-tolerance seems to be achieved. Additionally we address the problem of matrix-load with respect to the plasma conditions. We've estimated practical limits for the amount of matrix which can be introduced into the ICP without significantly changing the plasma conditions
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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  • 5
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    Precise determination of delta Sr-88/86 in natural samples by double-spike MC-ICP-MS and its TIMS verification (2013)
    Royal Society of Chemistry
    In:  Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry, 28 (6). p. 940.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-06-09
    Description: delta Sr-88/86 values of standards and a variety of natural samples were measured by MC-ICP-MS using the double-spike (DS) method and compared to results obtained by the standard-sample-bracketing (SSB) method and to DS-TIMS measurements. The external reproducibility of the SRM987 measurements carried out by DS-MC-ICP-MS was 0.021 parts per thousand (1SD), slightly better than previously published DS-TIMS and SSB-MC-ICP-MS results. The value of the IAPSO seawater standard (0.388 +/- 0.018; 2SEM) agrees with the results of the current SSB and DS-TIMS measurements and with previously published values. Using these values a variance-weighted mean for seawater was calculated (0.387 +/- 0.002, 2SEM). Compared to measurements carried out by the SSB method, natural sample measurements by the DS method are more accurate and more precise. An excellent agreement between DS-MC-ICP-MS and DS-TIMS methods was demonstrated for delta Sr-88/86 determination in natural samples over a range of similar to 0.5 parts per thousand. The DS-TIMS delta Sr-88/86 results had a smaller standard error than the DS-MC-ICP-MS measurements but required a much longer acquisition time
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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  • 6
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    Boron isotope ratio determination in carbonates /via/ LA-MC-ICP-MS using soda-lime glass standards as reference material (2010)
    Royal Society of Chemistry
    In:  Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry, 25 (12). pp. 1953-1957.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-09-24
    Description: A new in situ method using LA-MC-ICP-MS (193 nm excimer laser) for the determination of stable boron isotope ratios (δ11B) in carbonates was developed. Data were acquired via a standard sample standard bracketing procedure typically providing a reproducibility of 0.5‰ (SD) for samples containing 35 ppm of boron. A single ablation interval consumed about 5 µg of sample corresponding to about 0.2 ng of boron. The major finding was the similar instrumental fractionation behaviour of carbonates, soda-lime glass and sea salt with respect to boron isotopes. As no matrix induced offset was detectable between these distinct materials we propose the use of NIST glasses as internal standards for boron isotope ratio measurements via LA-MC-ICP-MS. This finding overcomes the problem of a missing matrix matched carbonate standard for in situ boron isotope studies. As a first application a set of coral samples from a culturing experiment was analysed. δ11B values range from 19.5 to 25‰ depending on the pH of the water used in the particular treatment. This is in good agreement with the results of earlier studies.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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  • 7
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    Determination of uranium isotope ratios by multi-static MIC-ICP-MS: method and implementation for precise U- and Th-series isotope measurements (2005)
    Royal Society of Chemistry
    In:  Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry, 20 . pp. 395-401.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-05-31
    Description: In order to improve and extend the application of U- and Th-series isotope measurements a new technique for MIC-ICP-MS (multiple ion counting inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry) was developed. This method uses either two (double MIC) or three (triple MIC) multipliers to measure in static mode in turn the U-isotopes 233U, 234U, 235U and 236U. For online internal standardization, mass bias correction and cross calibration of the multipliers a 233U/236U double spike was used. Applying this method the level of 1‰ 2σ internal precision is reached in less than 30 min, consuming less than 5 ng of total U. The multi-static MIC-ICP-MS method improves the precision by a factor of 5 for U isotope measurement compared with TIMS and by a factor of 2 compared with published ICP-MS methods. Repeated measurements of uranium CRM-145 (otherwise NBL 112A) were performed to test the reproducibility and accuracy of the method. An average 234U/238U value of (5.285 84 ± 0.000 87) × 10−5 or a δ234U value of −36.96 ± 0.16, respectively, was determined for CRM-145 in good agreement with reference data. Based on the precisely determined U isotope ratios we furthermore developed a combined multi-static U- and Th-measurement method. This approach extends this new MIC-ICP-MS technique to those U- and Th-series isotope systems having no constant isotope ratio for normalization (e.g., 230Th/232Th, 230Th/229Th) and is the key for new approaches to determining 226Ra/228Ra and 231Pa/233Pa. The applicability of the methods presented here is demonstrated by accurate dating of very young corals (10–350 y).
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  • 8
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    230Th-238U disequilibrium in East Scotia back-arc basalts: implications for slab contribution and flux rates (2003)
    GSA, Geological Society of America
    In:  Geology, 31 (8). pp. 693-696.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-09-26
    Description: New U-series isotope data for lavas from the East Scotia backarc spreading center span a large range in (230Th/232Th) and (238U/232Th). Most of the backarc lavas have (238U/230Th) 〈 1, similar to the composition of mid-oceanic-ridge basalts (MORB). Lavas from two segments have (238U/230Th) 〉 1 and are enriched in fluid-mobile elements, implying a recent addition of a U-rich slab-derived component. The data from one segment suggest an influence from an aqueous fluid from altered MORB, whereas samples from the other slab-influenced segment show addition of a sediment melt. The slab-influenced samples form a distinct trend in the equiline diagram between aqueous fluid and sediment melt that is suggested to be a mixing line rather than an isochron.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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  • 9
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    A simplified procedure for the determination of stable chlorine isotope ratios (δ37Cl) using LA-MC-ICP-MS (2008)
    Royal Society of Chemistry
    In:  Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry, 23 (5). pp. 769-772.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-09-23
    Description: Stable chlorine isotopes (37Cl, 35Cl) are considered as important tracers of geochemical processes, especially in subduction zone systems. However, high-quality chlorine isotope data are scarcely available. Here we present a comparatively simple procedure for the precise and accurate determination of stable chlorine isotope ratios (δ37Cl) using LA-MC-ICP-MS. Chlorine was extracted from solid samples by pyrohydrolysis. After quantitative precipitation as AgCl the dried precipitates where analysed in a sample-standard bracketing approach using a weak laser ablation (0.3 J/cm2) for sample evaporation. Atlantic Ocean sea salt and the sea water standard IAPSO were used as SMOC (standard mean ocean chloride) for normalisation (δ37Cl = 0 ‰). The precision and accuracy of the presented method was validated analysing the reference materials JB-1a and JB-2. The chlorine isotope ratios of these standards were determined as δ37ClJB-1a = (−0.99 ± 0.06) ‰ and δ37ClJB-2 = (−0.60 ± 0.03) ‰ (errors 2SE), respectively, in accordance with published data. Applying the presented method a total amount of less than 1 μg of chlorine was consumed during a typical measurement including 10 ablation periods on the sample.
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  • 10
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    Precise measurement of low (〈100 ppm) chlorine concentrations in submarine basaltic glass by electron microprobe (2012)
    Royal Society of Chemistry
    In:  Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry, 27 (11). pp. 1966-1974.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-06-09
    Description: There is a 2–3 order of magnitude difference between the chlorine concentrations of seawater and the magmas making up the oceanic crust. For this reason, chlorine is a key element for tracing present and past water–rock interactions. In order to trace processes such as assimilation of hydrothermally altered oceanic crust by mid-ocean ridge magmas, a high precision method with low detection limits is required, since conventional methods are not able to reveal variations in the intrinsically low chlorine content of these basalts. We present a new method to measure chlorine in basaltic glass by electron microprobe, using a combination of mapping and standard-sample bracketing techniques. Due to the high environmental background of chlorine, special emphasis is put on the influence of different preparation and cleaning procedures, as well as other possible effects on the measurements (e.g. sample size). Calibration of the method is performed by informational values of international standards and by minerals with a fixed chlorine content. Finally, new information on chlorine concentration values for commonly used standard reference materials (SRM) is provided. With this new method chlorine can be measured at very low detection limits (10’s of ppm’s) with a precision of 1–2 ppm standard deviation for low chlorine concentrations.
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