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  • 04.06. Seismology  (4)
  • 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.10. Instruments and techniques
  • Astronomy
  • E31
  • J24
  • Q11
  • Elsevier  (3)
  • Egu-Copernicus  (2)
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  • 1
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    Seismoacoustic measurements during the July–August 2001 eruption of Mt. Etna volcano, Italy (2005)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: On July 18, 2001, two main eruptive vents opened on the southern flank of Mount Etna volcano (Italy) at ~2100 m and ~2550 m a.s.l., respectively. The former vent fed mild strombolian activity and lava flows, while the latter represented the main explosive vent, producing strong phreato-magmatic explosions. Explosions at this latter vent, however, shifted to a strombolian style in the following days, before switching back to phreato-magmatic activity towards the end of the eruption, which ended on August 9, 2001. On August 3, a small seismoacoustic array was deployed close to the eruptive vents. The array was composed of three stations, which recorded seismic and infrasonic waves coming from both of the eruptive vents. A further seismoacoustic station, equipped with a thermal-infrared sensor, was also installed several kilometers north of the first array. Seismic signals relating to the strombolian activity at the 2100-m vent were characterized by a strong decompression at the source. Analysis of the time delays between seismic, infrasonic and infrared event onsets also revealed that ejection velocities during explosions from both vents were subsonic. Time delays between the onset of explosive events apparent in the infrared and infrasound data indicated that the explosion source at the 2550-m vent was located 220–250 m below the crater rim. In comparison, the depth of the seismic source was estimated to be between 230 and 335 m below the rim. This converts to 120–150 and 130–235 m below the preexisting ground surface. In addition, time delays between seismic and infrasonic signals recorded for the lower (2100 m) vent also revealed a seismic source that was no more than a few tens of meters deeper than the fragmentation surface.
    Description: Published
    Description: 219-230
    Description: partially_open
    Keywords: Mt. Etna ; explosive eruptions ; arrays ; seismic ; infrasonic and thermal data ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.08. Volcano seismology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.10. Instruments and techniques ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.06. Volcano monitoring ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.07. Instruments and techniques
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
    Format: 520 bytes
    Format: 590708 bytes
    Format: text/html
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 2
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    Tectonics and seismicity in the Northern Apennines driven by slab retreat and lithospheric delamination (2020)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-06-10
    Description: Understanding how long-term subduction dynamics relates to the short-term seismicity and crustal tec tonics is a challenging but crucial topic in seismotectonics. We attempt to address this issue by linking long-term geodynamic evolution with short-term seismogenic deformation in the Northern Apennines. This retreating subduction orogen displays tectonic and seismogenic behaviors on various spatiotemporal scales that also characterize other subduction zones in the Mediterranean area. We use visco-elasto-plastic seismo-thermo-mechanical (STM) modeling with a realistic 2D setup based on available geological and geophysical data. The subduction dynamics and seismicity are coupled in the numerical modeling, and driven only by buoyancy forces, i.e., slab pull. Our results suggest that lower crustal rheology and lithospheric mantle temperature modulate the crustal tectonics of the Northern Apennines, as inferred by previous studies. The observed spatial distribution of upper crustal tectonic regimes and surface displacements requires buoyant, highly ductile material in the subduction channel beneath the internal part of the orogen. This allows protrusion of the asthenosphere in the lower crust and lithospheric delamination associated with slab retreat. The resulting surface velocities and principal stress axes generally agree with present-day observations, suggesting that slab delamination and retreat can explain the dynamics of the orogen. Our simulations successfully reproduce the type and overall distribution of seismicity with thrust faulting events in the external part of the orogen and normal faulting in its internal part. Slab temperatures and lithospheric mantle stiffness affect the cumulative seismic moment release and spatial distribution of upper crustal earthquakes. The properties of deep, sub-crustal material are thus shown to influence upper crustal seismicity in an orogen driven by slab retreat, even though the upper crust is largely decoupled from the lithospheric mantle. Our simulations therefore highlight the effect of deep lower crustal rheologies, self-driven subduction dynamics and mantle properties in controlling shallow deformation and seismicity.
    Description: Published
    Description: 228481
    Description: 1T. Struttura della Terra
    Description: 2T. Deformazione crostale attiva
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: Numerical modeling ; Geodynamics ; Seismotectonics orogen ; Delamination ; Northern Apennines ; 04.06. Seismology ; 04.03. Geodesy ; 05.01. Computational geophysics ; 04.07. Tectonophysics
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 3
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    Looking for undocumented earthquake effects: a probabilistic analysis of Italian macroseismic data (2023)
    Egu-Copernicus
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-08-29
    Description: A methodology to detect local incompleteness of macroseismic intensity data at the local scale is presented. In particular, the probability that undocumented effects actually occurred at a site is determined by considering intensity prediction equations (in their probabilistic form) integrated by observations relative to known events documented at surrounding sites. The outcomes of this analysis can be used to investigate how representative and known the seismic histories of localities are (i.e., the list of documented effects through time). The proposed approach is applied to the Italian area. The analysis shows that, at most of the considered sites, the effects of intensity ≥ 6 should most probably have occurred at least once, but they are not contained in the current version of the Italian macroseismic databases. In a few cases, instead, the lack of data may concern higher intensity levels (i.e., ≥ 8). The geographical distribution of potentially lost information reflects the heterogeneity of the seismic activity over the Italian territory.
    Description: Published
    Description: 1805–1816
    Description: 4T. Sismicità dell'Italia
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: Macroseismology ; 04.06. Seismology
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 4
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    Stick-slip vs. stable sliding fault behaviour: A case-study using a multidisciplinary approach in the volcanic region of Mt. Etna (Italy) (2020)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-10-26
    Description: In active volcanic zones, fault dynamics is considerably fast but it is often difficult to separate the pattern of nearly continuous large-scale volcanic processes (inflation/deflation processes, flank instability) from impulsive episodes such as dyke intrusions or coseismic fault displacements. At Etna, multidisciplinary studies on active faults whose activity does not strictly depend on volcanic processes, are relatively few. Here we present the case-study of the San Leonardello fault, an active structure located in the eastern flank of Mt. Etna characterised by a well-known seismic history. This fault saw renewed activity in May 2009, when pre-seismic creeping along the southern segment preceded an MW 4.0 earthquake in the northern segment, followed by some twenty-five aftershocks. Later, in March–April 2016, creep events reactivated the southern section of the same fault. Both the seismic and aseismic phenomena were recorded by the seismic and GNSS networks of INGV-Osservatorio Etneo, and produced surface faulting that left a footprint in the pattern of ground deformation detected by the InSAR measurements. We demonstrate that the integration of multidisciplinary data collected for volcano surveillance may shed light on different aspects of fault dynamics, and allow understanding how coseismic slip and creep alternate in space and time along the strike. Moreover, we use findings from our independent datasets to propose a conceptual model of the San Leonardello fault, taking into account behaviour and previous constraints from fault-based seismic hazard analyses. Although the faulting mechanisms described here occur at a very small scale compared with those of a purely tectonic setting, this case-study may represent a perfect natural lab for improving knowledge of seismogenic processes, also in other fault zones characterised by stick slip vs. stablesliding fault behaviour.
    Description: Published
    Description: 228554
    Description: 2T. Deformazione crostale attiva
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: Fault ; Earthquake ; Creep ; Seismotectonics ; Behaviour ; Mt. Etna volcano ; 04.07. Tectonophysics ; 04.06. Seismology ; 04.03. Geodesy
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 5
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    An updated area-source seismogenic model (MA4) for seismic hazard of Italy (2022)
    Egu-Copernicus
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-09-06
    Description: A new probabilistic seismic hazard model, called Modello di Pericolosità Sismica 2019 (MPS19), has been recently proposed for the Italian territory, as a result of the efforts of a large national scientific community. This model is based on 11 groups of earthquake rupture forecast inputs and, particularly, on 5 area-source seismogenic models, including the so-called MA4 model. Data-driven procedures were followed in MA4 to evaluate seismogenic parameters of each area source, such as upper and lower seismogenic depths, hypocentral-depth distributions, and nodal planes. In a few cases, expert judgement or ad hoc assumptions were necessary due to the scarcity of data. MA4 consists of 20 seismicity models that consider epistemic uncertainty in the estimations of the completeness periods of the earthquake catalogue, of maximum magnitude values and of seismicity rates. In particular, five approaches were adopted to calculate the rates, in the form of the truncated Gutenberg–Richter frequency–magnitude distribution. The first approach estimated seismicity rates using earthquakes located in each area source, while the other approaches firstly calculated the seismicity rates for groups of areas considered tectonically homogeneous and successively partitioned in different ways the values to the area forming each group. The results obtained in terms of seismic hazard estimates highlight that the uncertainty explored by the 20 seismicity models of MA4 is at least of the same order of magnitude as the uncertainty due to alternative ground motion models.
    Description: Published
    Description: 2807–2827
    Description: 6T. Studi di pericolosità sismica e da maremoto
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: seismogenic model, seismic hazard, Italy ; 04.06. Seismology
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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