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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Computing 21 (1979), S. 259-266 
    ISSN: 1436-5057
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Es wird eine Faktorisierungsmethode zur beschleunigten numerischen Lösung von konstanten quindiagonalen linearen Systemen beschrieben. Die Methode läßt sich u. a. anwenden auf die blockiterative Lösung der biharmonischen Gleichung unter einer Vielzahl von Randbedingungen.
    Notes: Abstract A factoring method is described for the fast numerical solution of constant five diagonal linear systems. Applications of the method include: block iterative solutions of the Biharmonic partial differential equation under a variety of boundary conditions.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Computing 29 (1982), S. 167-173 
    ISSN: 1436-5057
    Keywords: Primary 65F10 ; secondary 65N10 ; Jacobi iterative method ; preconditioning parameter ; generalized Dirichlet problem
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die Arbeit behandelt die Anwendung von Vorkonditionierungstechniken auf das bekannte Iterationsverfahren von Jacobi zur Lösung der Differenzengleichungen, die bei der Diskretisierung selbstadjungierter elliptischer partieller Differentialgleichungen entstehen. Die Konvergenzeigenschaften dieses einparametrigen Vorkonditionnierungsverfahrens werden untersucht, die Werte des optimalen Parameters und das Verhalten der Methode werden für verschiedene Standardprobleme bestimmt.
    Notes: Abstract This paper is concerned with the application of preconditioning techniques to the well known Jacobi iterative method for solving the finite difference equations derived from the discretization of self-adjoint elliptic partial differential equations. The convergence properties of this one parameter preconditioned method are analyzed and the value of the optimum preconditioning parameter and the performance of the method determined for a variety of standard problems.
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1434-6052
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The reactionpp→p f (π + π − γ)p s , where theπ + π − γ system is centrally produced, has been studied at 300 GeV/c. Theπ + π − γ mass spectrum shows evidence for aρ 0 γ decay mode of theη′ (958) andf 1 (1285). The branching ratio (f 1(1285)→ηπ + π +)/(f 1(1285)→ρ 0 γ) is found to be 5.0±0.7. No evidence is found for aρ 0(770)γ decay mode of theE/f 1 (1420) for which an upper limit BR (E/f 1(1420)→ρ 0 γ)〈0.08 at 95% CL is found.
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1434-6052
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The reactionpp→p f (ηπ+π−)p s where the ηπ+π− system is centrally produced has been studied at 300 GeV/c incident momentum at the CERN Ω spectrometer. The ηπ± mass spectrum shows a strong δ/a 0(980) signal having a mass of 984±4 and Γ=95±14 MeV. The ηπ+π− mass spectrum shows η′ andf 1(1285) signals over little background. A spin-parity analysis of the ηπ+π− system shows evidence for aJ PC =1++ peak at thef 1(1285) mass but no evidence for the pseudoscalar states η(1270) andl/η(1440). No evidence is found for the ηππ decay of theE/f 1(1420) meson for which we set an upper limit BR(E/f 1(1420)→ηππ)〈0.1 at 95% cl.
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: Bactrocera tryoni ; Epiphyas postvittana ; heat treatment ; non-acclimation ; acclimation ; mortality ; larvae ; eggs
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Mortality data for non-acclimated and acclimated 3rd instar larvae and mid-term eggs of Bactrocera tryoni (Froggatt) (Diptera: Tephritidae) were obtained after immersing in hot water at 46 °C. Acclimation consisted of holding the larvae and eggs at 35 °C for 20 and 11 h respectively just prior to heat-treatment. The median lethal time (LT50) for acclimated larvae was found to be 6.9 min compared to 2.5 min for non-acclimated larvae. LT99.999 for acclimated larvae was 20.9 min compared to 8.7 min for non-acclimated larvae. LT50 for acclimated eggs was 5.0 min compared to 2.4 min for non-acclimated eggs. LT99.999 for acclimated eggs was 26.0 min compared to 6.6 min for non-acclimated eggs. For 3rd instar larvae, most acclimation effect on mortality had occurred by 8 h. A notable residual response was present 20 h after acclimation had occurred, reducing mortality at 46 °C for 4.5 min by roughly 25%. Mortality data at 46 °C were also obtained for non-acclimated and acclimated late instar larvae of Epiphyas postvittana (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). With this species, LT50 for acclimated larvae was 2.5 min compared to 1.1 min for non-acclimated larvae. LT99.999 for acclimated larvae was 9.5 min compared to 4.6 min for non-acclimated larvae.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Fire technology 14 (1978), S. 85-96 
    ISSN: 1572-8099
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: Abstract A numerical scheme is presented to correct heat release rate measurements made with the Ohio State University rate of heat release apparatus for the effects of inherent time delays in the measurement system.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 15 (1972), S. 305-318 
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die räumliche Verteilung und die Stichproben-Eigenschaften der Larven und Imagines von Aeneolamia varia saccharina und A. postica jugata, Kardinalschädlinge des Zuckerrohrs auf Trinidad bzw. Belize, wurden mit Hilfe von Taylor's Potenzgesetz als Modellverteilung untersucht. Bei A. v. saccharina wurde für die Larven zwischen den Bülten eine haufenweise Verteilung gefunden, während die Erwachsenen zwischen den Stengeln zufällig verteilt sind. Dagegen war die Verteilung zwischen den Entnahmestellen der Larven und Adulten von A. p. jugata klumpenförmig. Die biologische Bedeutung dieser Verteilungen wird diskutiert. Es werden Kurven dargestellt, welche die näherungsweise Größe von einfachen Zufallsstichproben angeben, die zur Schätzung mit bekannter Irrtumswahrscheinlichkeit über einen Bereich von Populationsdichten erforderlich sind. Andere Kurven verdeutlichen die Stufen der Irrtumswahrscheinlichkeit, die von bestimmten Stichprobenumfängen erzeugt werden, wie sie gewöhnlich in Bekämpflungsverfahren benutzt oder für Lebenserwartungsuntersuchungen vorgeschlagen werden. Für die Berechnung beider Arten werden genaue fraktionierte Potenzfunktionen angegeben. Von den üblichen Transformationen sind Logarithmen für die Zählungen von a. v. saccharina-Larven und Quadratwurzeln für die Erwachsenen von A. v. saccharina sowie beide Stadien von A. p. jugata geeignet.
    Notes: Abstract The spatial distribution and sampling of Aeneolamia varia saccharina and Aeneolamia postica jugata were investigated using Taylor's Power Law as the distribution model. A. v. saccharina nymphs were aggregated whereas the adults were distributed at random. In contrast, both the nymphs and adults of A. p. jugata were slightly aggregated. The sizes of simple random samples required to give population estimates with known levels of error, and the levels of error generated by sample sizes commonly used in control schemes or proposed for ecological studies, are illustrated. Exact power transformations are given. Of the common transformations, logarithms are appropriate for counts of A. v. saccharina nymphs and square roots for A. v. saccharina adults and both stages of A. p. jugata.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 14 (1971), S. 319-332 
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Un appareil a été construit en vue d'étudier le comportement des larves et nymphes d'Aedes taeniorhynchus soumises à un gradient de température, sous des conditions d'éctairement uniforme. Les larves étaient élevées à une température de 30° et soumises au test avec ou sans possibilité de se nourrir avant ou pendant les périodes d'observation. Les larves nonalimentées manifestaient un preferendum pour des limites de température plus larges et légèrement plus basses que celles observées avec des larves nourries. Ces dernières, à tous les stades larvaires, montrent un preferendum de 30° à 38°, mais le calcul de la température moyenne préférée révèle un accroissement progressif avec l'âge, passant de 31°8 au 1er stade larvaire à 34°6 au début du 4ème stade larvaire. Les larves du 4ème stade, peu avant la nymphose, préfèrent une température légèrement plus basse (moyenne de 33°). Dans un élevage, maintenu pendant plusieurs années au laboratoire à une température de 27°, les larves du début du 4ème stade montrent une réponse presque identique à celles provenant de femelles capturées dans la nature. Quand les larves sont élevées pendant une génération à 24° en lieu de 30° la moyenne du preferendum thermique pour les jeunes larves du 4ème stade est légèrement plus faible (33°5 au lieu de 34°6). Des observations au moyen de photographies par flash électronique montrent que le preferendum thermique est le même à la lumière ou à l'obsurité.
    Notes: Abstract An apparatus was built to investigate the behavior of Aedes taeniorhynchus larvae and pupae under uniform illumination in a temperature gradient. Larvae were reared at 30.0° C and tested with and without access to food prior to and during the periods of observation. Preferred ranges for starved larvae were greater and spread over slightly lower temperatures than those selected by fed individuals. Fed larvae in all instars preferred the same approximate range, from 30° to 38°, but calculated average preferred temperatures disclosed a progressive increase with age, from 31.8° in the first instar to 34.6° in the early fourth instar. Late fourthinstar larvae (approaching pupation) chose slightly cooler temperatures (average of 33.0°). Animals from a laboratory colony cultured for several years at 27.0° gave, in the early fourth instar, a response almost identical to that shown by progeny of wild-caught females. When temperature for early fourth-instar larvae was slightly lower (33.5° compared with 34.6°). Observations by means of flash photography showed that the range of temperature selected by fed early fourth-instar larvae in total darkness was the same as under uniform illumination.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of solution chemistry 1 (1972), S. 377-386 
    ISSN: 1572-8927
    Keywords: Conductance ; aqueous solutions ; sodium glycodeoxycholate ; sodium taurodeoxycholate ; lecithin ; bile salts ; micelles ; gallbladder ; cholesterol
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The conductance of aqueous solutions of sodium glycodeoxycholate and sodium taurodeoxycholate displays a complex concentration dependence (0–0.5 C) with a maximum and minimum occurring in dilute solutions. This behavior can be related to physiologic concentrations observed in hepatic and gallbladder bile and interpreted in terms of anion dimerization and ultimately micellization. The addition of lecithin in 1:2 or 1:5 molar ratios results in micellization at lower concentration, disappearance of the maximum and minimum in the conductance curve, and a decrease in the total conductance.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of solution chemistry 11 (1982), S. 871-874 
    ISSN: 1572-8927
    Keywords: High temperature micellar diffusion ; micelle-monomer rapid exchange ; Taylor dispersion ; tetradecyltrimethylammonium bromide ; sodium dodecylsulfate
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Diffusion coefficients of tetradecyltrimethylammonium bromide in aqueous solutions have been determined at 25, 95 and 135 °C using the Taylor dispersion technique. The diffusion coefficient exhibits a minimum at a surfactant concentration above the critical micelle concentration (CMC). The results are interpreted in terms of electrostatic coupling and rapid exchange between micelle, surfactant monomer and counterions.
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