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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Inorganic chemistry 25 (1986), S. 4602-4604 
    ISSN: 1520-510X
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Analytical chemistry 35 (1963), S. 1315-1316 
    ISSN: 1520-6882
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 115 (2001), S. 7076-7085 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Photo-induced electron transfer experiments examine intrinsically nonequilibrium processes. A theoretical description of photoinduced processes should take into account the fact that the approximations and assumptions made for equilibrium electron transfer need not be appropriate. Under nonequilibrium conditions, anharmonic distortions in the potential energy surfaces of nuclear motion coupled to the electron transfer may effect the dynamics. This work is a study of the effects of anharmonicity on photo-induced electron transfer reactions for condensed phase systems where one vibrational mode is strongly coupled to the electron transfer and a stochastic bath. For this vibrational mode, both harmonic and anharmonic potential energy surfaces for the excited states are considered and the electron transfer dynamics is monitored in a range of system–bath coupling regimes. The study focuses on two effects due to anharmonic distortions of the intramolecular modes: changes to the system Hamiltonian, and differences in the dephasing processes caused by the anharmonic distortions. These calculations show that for small differences in the donor and acceptor state energies, the effects of vibrational anharmonicity is very small. However, when this energy difference is large, the dynamics for anharmonic and harmonic modes is significant. The relative role played by the competing physical processes is easily understood by examining the vibronic state populations obtained using a multistate Redfield approach. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 100 (1994), S. 5605-5616 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Separation of a many-body system into a primary system plus a bath of background modes enables approximate calculation of electronic absorption spectra and zero-temperature resonance Raman scattering cross sections in cases where there is nonadiabatic coupling between two or more Born–Oppenheimer excited-state potential surfaces. In particular, the low-resolution optical line shape theory recently developed to describe curve-crossing phenomena [D. G. Evans and R. D. Coalson, J. Chem. Phys. 99, 6264 (1993)] is extended to systems where there is a primary nuclear coordinate mode that is characterized by large excited-state displacements and an ensemble of weakly displaced bath modes. The accuracy of the resulting approximation scheme is illustrated using the spectroscopic spin-boson model, in which all surfaces are harmonic, and path integral techniques can be used to obtain exact results. Application to more complicated systems is discussed.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 108 (1998), S. 6387-6393 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The short-time charge transfer evolution following photoexcitation in mixed valence compounds is studied using path integral calculations. Due to the large nonadiabatic coupling, path integral calculations using direct path summation techniques are inadequate, and charge transfer dynamics can only be computed using a transfer matrix technique developed by Makri and Makarov. The resulting relaxation is considerably slower than that predicted by low-order perturbation theory. The effects of the solvent on the decay process, and the validity of the golden rule to predict the dynamics of the decay process are investigated. The effects of preparing an initial state that is not a rovibrational state of the acceptor potential energy surface is also examined. These exact calculations show that the large electronic mixing gives rise to very fast oscillations in the electronic state population as the wave function oscillates coherently between the donor and acceptor. This is followed by a slower relaxation induced by the coupling to the dissipative solvent modes, which occurs on time scales ≤100 fs. This information provides insight into the mechanism for oscillations observed in time-resolved transient spectra of these compounds, and suggests substantial limitations of the golden rule picture. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 45 (1989), S. 581-590 
    ISSN: 1600-5740
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 45 (1989), S. 577-581 
    ISSN: 1600-5740
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 46 (1990), S. 524-532 
    ISSN: 1600-5740
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 44 (1988), S. 663-671 
    ISSN: 1600-5740
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 14 (1971), S. 319-332 
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Un appareil a été construit en vue d'étudier le comportement des larves et nymphes d'Aedes taeniorhynchus soumises à un gradient de température, sous des conditions d'éctairement uniforme. Les larves étaient élevées à une température de 30° et soumises au test avec ou sans possibilité de se nourrir avant ou pendant les périodes d'observation. Les larves nonalimentées manifestaient un preferendum pour des limites de température plus larges et légèrement plus basses que celles observées avec des larves nourries. Ces dernières, à tous les stades larvaires, montrent un preferendum de 30° à 38°, mais le calcul de la température moyenne préférée révèle un accroissement progressif avec l'âge, passant de 31°8 au 1er stade larvaire à 34°6 au début du 4ème stade larvaire. Les larves du 4ème stade, peu avant la nymphose, préfèrent une température légèrement plus basse (moyenne de 33°). Dans un élevage, maintenu pendant plusieurs années au laboratoire à une température de 27°, les larves du début du 4ème stade montrent une réponse presque identique à celles provenant de femelles capturées dans la nature. Quand les larves sont élevées pendant une génération à 24° en lieu de 30° la moyenne du preferendum thermique pour les jeunes larves du 4ème stade est légèrement plus faible (33°5 au lieu de 34°6). Des observations au moyen de photographies par flash électronique montrent que le preferendum thermique est le même à la lumière ou à l'obsurité.
    Notes: Abstract An apparatus was built to investigate the behavior of Aedes taeniorhynchus larvae and pupae under uniform illumination in a temperature gradient. Larvae were reared at 30.0° C and tested with and without access to food prior to and during the periods of observation. Preferred ranges for starved larvae were greater and spread over slightly lower temperatures than those selected by fed individuals. Fed larvae in all instars preferred the same approximate range, from 30° to 38°, but calculated average preferred temperatures disclosed a progressive increase with age, from 31.8° in the first instar to 34.6° in the early fourth instar. Late fourthinstar larvae (approaching pupation) chose slightly cooler temperatures (average of 33.0°). Animals from a laboratory colony cultured for several years at 27.0° gave, in the early fourth instar, a response almost identical to that shown by progeny of wild-caught females. When temperature for early fourth-instar larvae was slightly lower (33.5° compared with 34.6°). Observations by means of flash photography showed that the range of temperature selected by fed early fourth-instar larvae in total darkness was the same as under uniform illumination.
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