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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of trampling on the soils of the St James Walkway, New Zealand (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Soil use and management 8 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1475-2743
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract. The influence of trampling on the soils of the St James Walkway was studied during 1985 by comparing ‘on’- and off-track sites. Trampling increased the average soil bulk density by 0.3 g/cm3 at 0–5 cm depth and by 0.1 g/cm3 at 10–15 cm depth. Trampling increased the average soil shear strength by 11 kPa at 0–5 cm depth and by 6 kPa at 5–10 cm depth. All mineral soils were compacted to some extent by trampling. The podzolized high country yellow-brown earths (Dystrochrepts) were the most affected because their organic topsoil was truncated. Their exposed subsoil was however more resistant to further damage than their topsoil. Organic soils (Medihemists) were not compacted but their very low shear strength and high moisture content make them unsuitable for tracks. Untrampled soil bulk density and soil stone content were negatively correlated with the change in bulk density by trampling, and could be used to predict the risk of soil compaction by trampling.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-2743.1992.tb00889.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The relationship between first vertebra width and body length of Atlantic salmon differs between parr and smolts (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 49 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The relationship between the width of the first vertebra (WV) and the fork length (LF) of Atlantic salmon differs between parr and smolts. The previous use of the first vertebra to reconstruct the diets of predators from the bone remains of ingested prey will have underestimated the size of smolts and probably also their frequency of occurrence in the diet. Using the ratio WV:LF provides potential for differentiating between intact parr, smolts and pre-smolts in the diet.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1996.tb00101.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Installation and Use of a Snow Pillow to Monitor Snow Water Equivalent (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Water and environment journal 9 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1747-6593
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: In February 1993, a snow pillow was installed at Widdibank Fell near Cow Green reservoir (in Upper Teesdale) to monitor snow water equivalent.This paper describes existing snow-measurement techniques in the UK and the site-selection process and installation details for the snow pillow. Following a winter of more than 100 days with snow cover at the site, the success of the pillow in representing site and catchment snow conditions and in providing operationally useful snowmelt information for flood warning has been assessed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-6593.1995.tb00934.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Optimal piecewise regression analysis and its application to geomagnetic time series (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Geophysical journal international 121 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-246X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: The geomagnetic secular variation of declination at many observatories in Europe is approximately two straight lines, with a sudden and marked change in slope at around 1969. Different components of the field at other observatories show a similar change at around the same time, and there are suggestions of the same phenomenon, commonly referred to as a geomagnetic impulse, having occurred at other epochs. Modelling of geomagnetic observatory records has usually assumed that an impulse occurred, and specified its date, making the analysis somewhat subjective. Here we present a new algorithm, using regression, which tests the hypothesis of quadratic time dependence of the field over all possible time intervals, ranking them such that the data series are modelled by the fewest such quadratics (i.e. the smallest number of parameters) that provide an adequate fit to the data. In this way, the dates of any impulses are determined objectively, rather than imposed a priori, and the adequacy of quadratic time dependence is assessed. The method is tested on synthetic data, and then applied to a total of 5766 vector annual means of geomagnetic data from 119 observatories.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.1995.tb06433.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Geomagnetic disturbance fields: an analysis of observatory monthly means (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Geophysical journal international 108 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-246X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: SUMMARYThis work quantifies the extent to which disturbance phenomena contribute to the observed geomagnetic field on the time-scale of months to years. A deterministic approach was adopted in which geomagnetic monthly means were analysed in the time domain. By presupposing the time dependence of the external and induced field variations, which we assume to vary as the aa geomagnetic index, we arrived at an estimate of the relative amplitude of the disturbance to each component of the field at a number of observatories. In all some 58 000 geomagnetic monthly means from 59 observatories operating this century were analysed. Special attention was paid to the selection and validation of the data as otherwise the numerical computations would have been unduly compromised.The results consist of 177 estimates of the relative amplitude of disturbance, one for each of three orthogonal components north (X), east (Y) and vertically down (Z) at each observatory. The disturbance to the X component was found to be consistently negative over the whole of the Earth's surface with an intensification in auroral regions. The disturbances to the Z component were found to be smaller than that for X except in high latitudes. Mean disturbances to the Y component were smaller still. Results were in general consistent with the dipole field of the magnetospheric ring current, aligned with, though of opposite polarity to, the Earth's main field. Typical amplitudes of the mean disturbance field from month to month were of the order 10 nT.The results can be used to estimate the variation of the disturbance field. Subtracting this from both monthly and annual means yields an improved estimate of the field originating in the core and its secular variation. Some examples are presented.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.1992.tb00851.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A meander-belt sandstone of the Lower Cretaceous of Southern England (1981)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Sedimentology 28 (1981), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3091
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: The meander-belt deposit comprises a sandstone resting on an erosion surface and bounded above and below by massive varicoloured mudstones with rootlet traces. The sandstone unit is composed of six bodies separated from one another, horizontally, by erosion surfaces; together the bodies form a single multilateral sand body. Internally each body is composed of lateral accretion units inclined at up to 6° from the horizontal. Vertical sequences of facies show significant variations but the grain size generally fines upwards. The principal lithofacies within the sandstones are, in common ascending order, intraformational conglomerate, large-scale cross-bedded, horizontal bedded and small-scale cross-laminated sandstone, and alternate sandstones and mudstones. Current directions are normal to the true slope of accretion surfaces and show insignificant scatter within individual bodies but are very diverse overall. Five of the sand bodies are believed to represent individual point bars, and one body an abandoned channel. Together they comprise the meander belt. The river was subject to very variable discharges and carried high suspended loads. Analysis of vertical profiles indicates that grain size segregation along the length of the point bars caused differentiation of the bars into coarse-grained heads and sandy tails.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3091.1981.tb01658.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Effects of a Land Drainage Scheme on the Salmonid Populations of the River Camowen, Co. Tyrone (1983)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Aquaculture research 14 (1983), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2109
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Annual electro fishing surveys were carried out over an 11-year period at five sites on an upland river, which was subject to dredging operations in connection with a land drainage scheme. Four of the sites were dredged 3 years after the start of the survey and one control site remained undredged throughout. The results indicated that dredging operations initially reduced Salmonid densities and that there was subsequently a progressive downstream recovery, with fry densities taking up to 6 years to improve at the most downstream site. Yearling and older fish recovered to pre-drainage scheme levels more rapidly than fry.Changes in population structure were also observed at three of the dredged sites. Two sites were considerably deepened and finally contained larger numbers of older fish than prior to the drainage scheme. The opposite effect was found to have taken place at a site, which became shallower as a result of drainage works, and contained larger numbers of fry at the end of the survey.Increased fish growth rates were also observed at all sites over the experimental period, and this may have been correlated with enrichment of the river system by leaching from increased fertilizer usage within the catchments.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2109.1983.tb00049.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effects of initial length and body curvature on shrinkage of juvenile Atlantic salmon during freezing (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 50 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Fork length was measured in two groups of salmon parr (32–139 mm, frozen in a straight posture and frozen in a curved posture) before (L1) and after (L2) freezing and thawing. All the fish shrank. The decrease in length was significantly greater in the curved fish than the straight fish. The absolute reduction in length (L1–L2) was related directly to L1, whereas the percentage reduction in length [(L1–L2)/L1× 100] was related inversely to L1.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1997.tb01984.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Wood-eating catfishes of the genus Panaque: gut microflora and cellulolytic enzyme activities (1999)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 54 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Fresh gut contents of the wood-eating loricariid Panaque and a generalized loricariid Liposarcus sp. had enzymatic activity directed against both cellulose and hemicellulose. Aerobic cultures made from the guts of Panaque exhibited growth on a minimal salts medium containing only crystalline cellulose as a carbon source as well as on a variety of other substrates containing carbon polymers found in wood. Anaerobic cultures made from Panaque guts only grew with glucose as a carbon source. Cultures of whole gut contents grown on a yeast extract basal salts medium had significant cellulolytic activity. However, no culture of individual microbes had significant cellulolytic activity, suggesting that any cellulose breakdown which occurs in loricariid guts is by a consortium of micro-organisms. A variety of aerobes, microaerophiles and facultative anaerobes were found in the guts of Panaque; several of these bacteria appear to be new species.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1999.tb00858.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sibling Relationships and Intergenerational Succession in Family Firms (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Family business review 4 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1741-6248
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: Sibling relationships can turn into rivalries that destroy family firms. In this article, clinical and theoretical research on families, organizations, and conflict resolution are drawn on to develop intervention strategies aimed at helping family firm members both increase awareness about forces that sustain destructive sibling conflicts and find ways of working through them. Competition for parental love and attention spurs sibling rivalry. Whether siblings become rivalrous depends largely on parental responses to this contest. Because adult brothers and sisters in family firms remain organizationally subordinated to their parents, they face unique challenges in overcoming sibling rivalry's harmful effects. Yet this is precisely the task confronting them if they are to sustain family management of their business through intergenerational succession.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-6248.1991.00003.x
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