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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The homeotic protein AGAMOUS controls microsporogenesis by regulation of SPOROCYTELESS (2004)
    [s.l.] : Macmillian Magazines Ltd.
    Nature 430 (2004), S. 356-360 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The Arabidopsis homeotic gene AGAMOUS (AG) is necessary for the specification of reproductive organs (stamens and carpels) during the early steps of flower development. AG encodes a transcription factor of the MADS-box family that is expressed in stamen and carpel primordia. At later stages of ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature02733
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The evolution fo rhodopsins and neurotransmitter receptors (1991)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular evolution 33 (1991), S. 367-378 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1432
    Keywords: Neurotransmitter receptors ; Rhodopsin ; Multiple sequence alignment
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Rhodopsins share a limited number of amino acid identities with a variety of other integral membrane proteins. Most of these proteins have seven putative transmembrane segments and are likely to play a role in transmembrane signaling. We have undertaken a systematic series of comparisons of primary and secondary structure in order to clarify the functional and evolutionary significance of these sequence similarities. On the basis of consistently high similarity scores, we find that the most internally consistent definition of the rhodopsis gene family would ionclude vertebrate rhodospins, α- and β-adrenergic receptors, M1 and M2 muscarinic acetylcholine receptors, substance K receptors and insect rhodopsins, while excluding bacterirhodopsin, themas human oncogene, vertebrate and insect nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, and the yeast STE2 and STE3 peptide receptors. The rhodopsin gene family is highly diverged at the primary sequence level but has maintained a conserved secondary structure, including a previosuly unidentified hierarchy of transmembrane segment hydrophobicity. We have deevelope new computer alogithms for progressive multiple sequence alignment and the analysis of local conservation of protein domains, and we have used these algorithms to examined the phylogeny of the rhodopsin gene family and the changing domains of sequence conservation. The results show striking diffiierences and similarities in the conserved domains in each of the three main branches of the rhodopsin gene family, and indicte that color vision arose independently in the lines of descent leading to modern humans and fruit flies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02102867
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Adjacent chromosomal regions can evolve at very different rates: Evolution of theDrosophila 68C glue gene cluster (1984)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular evolution 20 (1984), S. 251-264 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1432
    Keywords: Drosophila ; Genome evolution ; 68C Glue gene cluster ; Drosophila melanogaster species subgroup
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The 68C puff is a highly transcribed region of theDrosophila melanogaster salivary gland polytene chromosomes. Three different classes of messenger RNA originate in a 5000-bp region in the puff; each class is translated to one of the salivary gland glue proteins sgs-3, sgs-7, or sgs-8. These messenger RNA classes are coordinately controlled, with each RNA appearing in the third larval instar and disappearing at the time of puparium formation. Their disappearance is initiated by the action of the steroid hormone ecdysterone. In the work reported here, we studied evolution of this hormone-regulated gene cluster in themelanogaster species subgroup ofDrosophila. Genome blot hybridization experiments showed that five other species of this subgroup have DNA sequences that hybridize toD. melanogaster 68C sequences, and that these sequences are divided into a highly conserved region, which does not contain the glue genes, and an extraordinarily diverged region, which does. Molecular cloning of this DNA fromD. simulans, D. erecta, D. yakuba, andD. teissieri confirmed the division of the region into a slowly and a rapidly evolving protion, and also showed that the rapidly evolving region of each species codes for third instar larval salivary gland RNAs homologous to theD. melanogaster glue mRNAs. The highly conserved region is at least 13,000 bp long, and is not known to code for any RNAs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02104731
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Use of the APETALA1 promoter to assay the in vivo function of chimeric MADS box genes (1999)
    Springer
    Sexual plant reproduction 12 (1999), S. 14-26 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2145
    Keywords: Key words Arabidopsis ; Flower development ; MADS domain ; Functional specificity ; Domain swapping
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  The MADS domain proteins AP1, AP3, PI, and AG are required to specify the four classes of organs in an Arabidopsis flower. Each of these proteins is involved in specifying the identity of two different organs in two adjacent floral whorls. They all share a 56-amino acid MADS domain required for DNA binding and dimerization, a region (I or L) involved in dimerization specificity, the K domain named for its sequence similarity to the coiled-coil of keratin, and a variable carboxy terminal sequence. The abilities of these four related proteins to specify distinct organs presumably result from differential effects on transcriptional regulation. We have previously used chimeric MADS box genes, expressed under the constitutive 35S promoter, to map the regions of these proteins that are responsible for their different organ identity activities. In this paper, we extend these studies by characterizing the phenotypes of plants ectopically expressing chimeric genes under the control of the endogenous AP1 promoter. Similar results are obtained with the 35S and AP1 promoters, although the endogenous promoter does provide a more rigorous test of function. We also describe results from new chimeric gene constructs that show new in vivo functions for the K domain and the amino-terminal portion of the MADS domain.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004970050167
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High resolution mapping of in situ hybridized biotinylated DNA to surface-spread Drosophila polytene chromosomes (1985)
    Springer
    Chromosoma 93 (1985), S. 113-122 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0886
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We describe a method of mapping genes or transcripts on polytene chromosomes by transmission electron microscopy. We present several applications which illustrate that, in favorable cases, the method has a resolution of ca. 10 kb, and that high resolution mapping of hybridization sites relative to bands and puffs can be achieved. We mapped sites of transcription for poly-(A) RNA and present evidence which shows that these sites are localized in some bands and puffs, but are also found in interbands.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00293158
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Molecular cloning, genomic organization, expression and evolution of 12S seed storage protein genes of Arabidopsis thaliana (1988)
    Springer
    Plant molecular biology 11 (1988), S. 805-820 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5028
    Keywords: abscisic acid ; Arabidopsis ; developmental expression ; seed storage protein gene sequences
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract We have identified a number of genes of the flowering plant Arabidopsis thaliana that are abundantly expressed during embryogenesis. In this paper we discuss four of these genes, which comprise a gene family: complete genomic nucleotide sequence of two of the genes and partial sequence of the other two shows that they are all homologous to the 12S globulin seed storage protein genes of other angiosperms. The four genes fall into three subfamilies, as defined by cross-hybridization. One subfamily contains two genes in the Landsberg erecta strain, but only a single gene in the Columbia strain of Arabidopsis. The other two of these 12S gene subfamilies contain only single genes in both strains. Thus, the seed storage protein gene family in Arabidopsis appears much simpler than that in other higher plants. These genes are expressed during the latter half of embryogenesis, a period in which abscisic acid (ABA) is thought to play a role in gene regulation, and known to play a role in seed physiology. We observed no significant difference in the expression profiles of these four genes in ABA-deficient and ABA-insensitive mutants of Arabidopsis, except that the onset of detectable expression of all of the transcripts is slightly delayed in both types of mutants.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00019521
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The DNA of Arabidopsis thaliana (1984)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 194 (1984), S. 15-23 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Arabidopsis thaliana is a small flowering plant of the mustard family. It has a four to five week generation time, can be self- or cross-pollinated and bears as many as 104 seeds per plant. Many visible and biochemical mutations exist and have been mapped by recombination to one of the five chromosomes that comprise the haploid karyotype. With the experiments reported here we demonstrate that Arabidopsis has an extraordinarily small haploid genome size (approximately 7×107 nucleotide pairs) and a low level of cytosine methylation for an angiosperm. In addition, it appears to have little repetitive DNA in its nuclear DNA, in contrast to other higher plants.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00383491
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic and physical characterization of a region of Arabidopsis chromosome 1 containing the CLAVATA1 gene (1999)
    Springer
    Plant molecular biology 39 (1999), S. 171-176 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5028
    Keywords: Arabidopsis ; CLAVATA1 ; genome sequencing ; RFLP ; YAC contig
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract With the advance of Arabidopsis as a model system for understanding plant genetics, development and biochemistry, a detailed description of the genome is necessary. As such, focused projects are underway to map and sequence the Arabidopsis nuclear genome. We have characterized a region of chromosome 1, surrounding the CLAVATA1 (CLV1) locus. Three (RFLP) clones were mapped relative to clv1-1, and were used to construct an ca. 700 kb yeast artificial chromosome (YAC) contig. Three cosmids spanning the CLV1 locus were analyzed and ca. 24 kb of genomic DNA was sequenced, including a continuous stretch of 18 kb. In addition to generating clones in this region of chromosome 1, we have analyzed the size, spacing and organization of several contiguous genes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006127302671
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  • 9
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    High resolution mapping of in situ hybridized biotinylated DNA to surface-spread Drosophila polytene chromosomes (1985)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-11-01
    Print ISSN: 0009-5915
    Electronic ISSN: 1432-0886
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Published by Springer
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  • 10
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    Computational Morphodynamics: A Modeling Framework to Understand Plant Growth (2010)
    Annual Reviews
    Details
    Publication Date: 2010-06-02
    Print ISSN: 1543-5008
    Electronic ISSN: 1545-2123
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Annual Reviews
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