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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Extended pseudo-Voigt function for approximating the Voigt profile (2000)
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Applied crystallography online 33 (2000), S. 1311-1316 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5767
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: The formula of the pseudo-Voigt function expressed by a weighted sum of Gaussian and Lorentzian functions is extended by adding two other types of peak functions in order to improve the accuracy when approximating the Voigt profile. The full width at half-maximum (FWHM) values and mixing parameters of the Gaussian, the Lorentzian and the other two component functions in the extended formula can be approximated by polynomials of a parameter ρ = ΓL/(ΓG + ΓL), where ΓG and ΓL are the FWHM values of the deconvoluted Gaussian and Lorentzian functions, respectively. The maximum deviation of the extended pseudo-Voigt function from the Voigt profile is within 0.12% relative to the peak height when sixth-order polynomial expansions are used. The systematic errors of the integrated intensity ΓG and ΓL, estimated by fitting the extended formula to Voigt profiles, are typically less than 1/10 of the errors arising from the application of the original formula of the pseudo-Voigt approximation proposed by Thompson et al. [J. Appl. Cryst. (1987), 20, 79–83], while the time required for computation of the extended formula is only about 2.5 relative to the computation time required for the original formula.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0021889800010219
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Application of Ru-filtered monochomatic Ag Kα2 to X-ray topographic study (1971)
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Applied crystallography online 4 (1971), S. 146-151 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5767
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Several applications of X-ray topography with Ru-filtered Ag Kα2 radiation are described. Two of these are variations of the Lang method combined with a Ru filter. The first one is to improve the Lang traverse pattern from a specimen crystal including locally highly distorted regions such as inclusions, as demonstrated for a pure iron crystal. The second is to obtain a traverse pattern from the whole area on the same topograph for a specimen including appreciably misoriented parts, by making the first slit wider than usual. This example has been shown for a Ge crystal. Another application is concerned with taking a topograph of an area as wide as of the order of the length of a line focus, in a shorter exposure time, with high resolution. Examples have been shown for Ge and Si crystals.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0021889871006502
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A cryostat for X-ray topography (1973)
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Applied crystallography online 6 (1973), S. 418-419 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5767
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0021889873009040
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characteristics of a channel plate as an image intensifier for X-ray topography (1976)
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Applied crystallography online 9 (1976), S. 269-272 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5767
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: A channel plate has been used for taking X-ray diffraction topographs. A topograph of a Si crystal on a fluorescent screen has been recorded by an optical camera. The spatial resolution of the plate has been found to be at least better than 37 μm. The time for the optical recording of a topograph on this plate proved to be about 102 times shorter than that required by standard topography. The sensitivity of the plate has also been measured for Cr Kα radiation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0021889876011345
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Diffuse X-ray scattering study of sublattice ordering among Group III atoms in In0.5Ga0.5P and In0.5Al0.5P (1992)
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Applied crystallography online 25 (1992), S. 514-518 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5767
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: The intensity of superstructure reflections and associated diffuse scattering from In0.5Ga0.5P and In0.5Al0.5P epitaxic layers grown on (001) GaAs substrates was mapped in reciprocal space. The Warren-Cowley short-range-order parameters were obtained through the usual process for evaluating Fourier coefficients. Varying values for the correlation length in different directions indicate how group III atoms stack up in ordered states. The resultant structure with long-range order confirms the hypothesis made on the basis of electron diffraction and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy studies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0021889892002176
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    X-ray characterization of α-Fe2O3 single crystals containing 2.2% and 95% 57Fe (1998)
    Chester : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Journal of synchrotron radiation 5 (1998), S. 952-954 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5775
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: α-Fe2O3 single crystals containing 2.2% and 95% 57Fe isotopes were characterized by means of X-ray topography, the diffraction rocking curve and the integrated intensity. These crystals were revealed to be nearly perfect and suitable for a further nuclear-resonant Bragg-scattering study.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0909049597016026
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Imaging X-ray fluorescence microscope with a Wolter-type grazing-incidence mirror (1998)
    Chester : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Journal of synchrotron radiation 5 (1998), S. 1117-1118 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5775
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: A Wolter-type grazing-incidence mirror was used as an objective for an imaging X-ray fluorescence microscope. The microscope was constructed at the beamline 6C2 of the Photon Factory. The shortest wavelength used was ∼0. 1 nm, which was limited by the grazing-incidence angle of the mirror. To demonstrate the possibility of recording X-ray fluorescence images, several fine grids were used as test specimens. Characteristic X-rays emitted from each specimen could be clearly imaged. Spatial resolution was estimated to be better than 10 µm.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0909049597018542
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Development of a two-dimensional imaging system for clinical applications of intravenous coronary angiography using intense synchrotron radiation produced by a multipole wiggler (1998)
    Chester : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Journal of synchrotron radiation 5 (1998), S. 1123-1126 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5775
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: A two-dimensional clinical intravenous coronary angiography system, comprising a large-size view area produced by asymmetrical reflection from a silicon crystal using intense synchrotron radiation from a multipole wiggler and a two-dimensional detector with an image intensifier, has been completed. An advantage of the imaging system is that two-dimensional dynamic imaging of the cardiovascular system can be achieved due to its two-dimensional radiation field. This world-first two-dimensional system has been successfully adapted to clinical applications. Details of the imaging system are described in this paper.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0909049597017639
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Small-Angle X-ray Diffraction of Muscle Using Undulator Radiation from the Tristan Main Ring at KEK (1996)
    Chester : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Journal of synchrotron radiation 3 (1996), S. 305-312 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5775
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Time-resolved X-ray diffraction of muscle has demanded ever-increasing flux into small sample volumes with low beam divergence. Results are reported of static and time-resolved small-angle X-ray diffraction studies on muscle fibers using a hard X-ray undulator installed in the Tristan main ring at KEK, Tsukuba, Japan, as an innovative source of synchrotron radiation more intense and better collimated than that available with the Photon Factory bending-magnet beamline. Static studies used the low divergence of the source to obtain detailed high-quality diffraction patterns of stable muscle states. The diffraction patterns from live skeletal muscles showed the numerous (over 100) meridional reflections. The well collimated beam from the undulator made it possible to clearly resolve, with an angular resolution of ca 700 nm, the closely spaced diffraction peaks arising from the two halves of the thick filaments centred on the M lines in a sarcomere, in addition, the diffraction peaks from the thin filaments on opposite sides of the Z bands could be resolved with an angular resolution of ca 1000 nm. The detailed structure of the meridional pattern defines the nature of the molecular packing in the thick and thin filaments. Time-resolved experiments using a focusing mirror aimed to prove cross-bridge states in striated muscle fibers by collecting X-ray diffraction data at a 0.185 ms time resolution from sinusoidally oscillating chemically skinned rabbit muscle fibers during active contraction and in rigor. When sinusoidal length changes at 500 Hz with a peak-to-peak amplitude of 0.6% of the muscle length were applied to a small fiber bundle, the tension showed a simple elastic response during the length oscillation. In the active muscle the intensity of the 14.5 nm myosin-based meridional reflection changed out of phase with the tension change during the oscillating length change. In contrast, in the rigor muscle it occurred in phase with the tension change. The high time-resolved experiments provide an insight into the coupling between conformational changes and force generation of the actomyosin cross-bridges. These studies provide a preview of the expected gains for muscle studies from the more widespread use of undulator radiation at third-generation synchrotron sources.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0909049596008928
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Development of a Rotating X-ray Shutter for Coronary Angiography Using Synchrotron Radiation (1998)
    Chester : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Journal of synchrotron radiation 5 (1998), S. 123-127 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5775
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0909049597012466
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