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  • Articles  (16)
  • Blackwell Publishing Ltd  (16)
  • American Meteorological Society
  • Copernicus
  • Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition  (16)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The influence of tall fescue on the germination, seedling growth and yield of birdsfoot trefoil (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Grass and forage science 43 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: The influence of tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) on germination and seedling growth of birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.) was evaluated during 1983-85 at Manhattan, Kansas. Studies were designed to evaluate tall fescue cv. Kentucky-31 for possible allelopathic compounds, determine the effects of tall fescue on the germination, seedling growth and yield of birdsfoot trefoil, and to characterize the chemical properties of tall fescue. Fescue produced allelopathic compounds, particularly during the spring and autumn months when it was actively growing. The greatest trefoil inhibition occurred with fescue plant extracts prepared during the autumn (September and October). The concentration of fescue extracts influenced trefoil germination, with greater inhibition as fescue concentration increased. In a sand medium under greenhouse conditions, fescue extracts prepared in spring and autumn reduced trefoil growth by 50 and 56%, respectively, with no inhibition during the summer months. Under field conditions, full strength fescue extracts reduced trefoil plant populations by 14 and 57% with spring and autumn prepared extracts, respectively. Fescue competition reduced sod-seeded trefoil plants per unit area by 17 and 31% for spring and autumn seeding, respectively. Full strength fescue extracts reduced trefoil seedling growth by an average of 37%, and trefoil dry matter yields by 53%.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1988.tb02152.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic and environmental effects on glucosinolate content and chemoprotective potency of broccoli (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant breeding 123 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0523
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Broccoli is well recognized as a source of glucosinolates and their isothiocyanate breakdown products. Glucoraphanin is one of the most abundant glucosinolates present in broccoli and its cognate isothiocyanate is sulphoraphane, a potent inducer of mammalian detoxication (phase 2) enzyme activity and anti-cancer agent. This study was designed to measure: glucosinolate levels in broccoli florets from an array of genotypes grown in several environments; the elevation of a key phase 2 enzyme, quinone reductase, in mammalian cells exposed to floret extracts; and total broccoli head content. There were significant environmental and genotype-by-environment effects on levels of glucoraphanin and quinone reductase induction potential of broccoli heads; however, the effect of genotype was greater than that of environmental factors. The relative rankings among genotypes for glucoraphanin and quinone reductase induction potential changed, when expressed on a per head basis, rather than on a concentration basis. Correlations of trait means in one environment vs. means from a second were stronger for glucoraphanin and quinone reductase induction potential on a per head basis than on a fresh weight concentration basis. Results of this study indicate that development of a broccoli phenotype with a dense head and a high concentration of glucoraphanin to deliver maximum chemoprotective potential (high enzyme induction potential/glucoraphanin content) is a feasible goal.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.0179-9541.2003.00912.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    THE EFFECT OF AEROBIC MESOPHILIC MICROFLORAL LEVELS ON THE ISOLATION OF INOCULATED LISTERIA MONOCYTOGENES STRAIN LM82 FROM SELECTED FOODS (1990)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food safety 10 (1990), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1745-4565
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The effect of aerobic mesophilic microfloral concentration on the isolation of Listeria monocytogenes LM82 was studied in 31 (18 cheeses and 7 noncheese) retail foods having standard plate counts of 101 to 108 colony forming units (CFU)/g. Foods were spiked with L. monocytogenes and enriched at 30°C for 24 h in a selective enrichment broth used in a U.S. Food and Drug Administration method. Inoculum levels for isolation on modified McBride agar ranged from 0.1 to 〉 5 × 103 with a geometric mean value of 5 inoculated CFU/g or 1.4 CFU/g. Pure Enterococcus (Streptococcus) faecalis (0 to 6 × 106 inoculated CFU/mL) in the absence of food matrix had no effect on the enrichment of L. monocytogenes. Ease of isolation of LM82 was independent of the food microflora concentration both generally and in the specific food type of 9 Brie cheeses. Competition, when it occurs, therefore, may be due to specific bacterial competitors rather than bacterial numbers.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-4565.1990.tb00027.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Laboratory Observations on tbe Effect of Soil Compaction on Slug Damage to Winter Wheat (1975)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant pathology 24 (1975), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3059
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: When the aggregates of fairly dry, medium-coarse soil were broken down and firmed over the seed by moderate or heavy pressure, slug damage was reduced. Coarse soil aggregates did not break down so well, particularly under heavy pressure; many seeds remained exposed and were damaged. The seed was also protected by deep planting, with the penalty of late emergence of the seedlings.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3059.1975.tb01849.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Laboratory Observations on the Distribution ofAgriolimax reticulatus (Müll.) in Different Aggregate Fractions of Garden Loam (1975)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant pathology 24 (1975), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3059
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: The choice of resting places in bare soil of both immature and mature slugs Was influenced by the size of the soil aggregates. A moderate to coarse soil was preferred and it is suggested that response to contact stimuli may be partly responsible for this behaviour. Soil composed of fine aggregates was preferred for egg-laying sites.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3059.1975.tb01850.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    THE MOVEMENT AND METABOLISM OF PYRAZON IN TOLERANT AND SUSCEPTIBLE SPECIES (1967)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Weed research 7 (1967), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3180
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary. Pyrazon (5-amino-4-chIoro-2-phenyl-3(2H)-pyridazinonc) labelled with tritium in the phenyl ring, was applied to both the root and shoot of seedlings of red beet (Beta vulgaris L., cultivar Detroit Dark Red I, German millet (Setatra italica J.), and tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill., cultivar Heinz 1350). Of these species, red best is tolerant, millet is moderately tolerant, and tomato is susceptible to pyrazon.When the roots were exposed to 1–325 ppm 3H-pyrazon in the nutrient solution, the greatest root absorption and transiocation to the shoot was observed in tomato and the least in red beet, while millet was intermediate.Applications to the first true leaf indicated that pyrazon was absorbed by the foliage of all three but that it was not transported basipetally. The absorption and translocation studies indicated that pyrazon mi transported primarily in the xylem.A radioactive metabolite of 3H-pyrazon was detected in the shoots of red beet, but there was no evidence for its presence in the shoots of the other two species. Since this metabolite is radioactive, its structure must contain at least some altered form of the phenyl ring which contained the tritium in the parent molecule. This differentiates it from 5-amino-4-chloro-pyridazinone, the previously proposed degradation product of pyrazon, since this compound lacks the phenyl ring.On the bash of these results, it is hypothesized that pyrazon will be phytotoxic if a suffic inn mm entration of the unaltered chemical reaches the site of herbicidal action in the shoot.Migration et métabolisme de la pyrazone dans les espéces rislstantes et sensibles
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3180.1967.tb01347.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Physiological responses of maize and sorghum to four different safeners for metazachlor (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Weed research 29 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3180
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: The ability of the herbicide safeners, BAS-145138 (1-dichloroacetyl-hexahydro-3,3,8a-trimethyl-pyrrolo(1,2a)pyrimidin-6(2H)-one), dichlormid (N,N-diallyl-2,2-dichloroacetamide), flurazole (phenylmethyl ester), and MG-191 (2-dichloromelhyl-2-methyl-1,3-dioxolane) for preventing metazachlor injury to maize (Zea mays L.) and sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) seedlings were compared with their effects on 14C-metazachlor metabolism to a glutathione (GSH) conjugate, effects on non-protein thiol contents (mainly GSH) and effects on Glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity in these two species.Sorghum shoot growth was reduced by 41% and maize shoot growth was reduced by 54%, by metazachlor concentrations in vermiculite nutrient culture of 0·6 μM and 7·5μM, respectively. In this system, all four compounds had significant activity as safeners for metazachlor in both sorghum and maize seedlings. BAS-145138 and flurazole were the most effective safeners in maize and sorghum, respectively. In the absence of safeners, the rate of non-enzymatic conjugation of metazachlor and GSH was much greater than the enzymatic rate. However, the rate of enzymatic conjugation of metazachlor with GSH was increased by safener treatment in both maize and sorghum. Safener effectiveness was highly correlated with increases in 14C-metazachlor uptake and metabolism in both species. Safener effectiveness was more highly correlated with safener effects on GST activity in maize or sorghum when 14C-metazachlor was used as the substrate than when the non-specific CDNB (1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene) was used as the substrate. Safener effectiveness was also strongly correlated with safener effects on GSH levels in sorghum, but not in maize, possibly because of the greater importance of non-enzymatic conjugation of metazachlor with GSH in sorghum as compared to maize.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3180.1989.tb00858.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of atrazine, cyanazine and cyprazine on photosynthesis and growth of nine grasses (1977)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Weed research 17 (1977), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3180
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: A semi-open circuit system for measuring changes in net CO2 exchange (NCE) in single leaves of intact grasses following herbicide treatment is described and evaluated. There were significant differences in levels of inhibition and subsequent recovery of NCE in maize and eight weedy panicoid grasses following limited root uptake of atrazine (2-chloro-4-ethyl-amino-6-isopropylamino-1,3,5-triazine). cyanazine [2-chloro-4-(1-cyano-1-methylethylamino)-6-ethylamino-1,3,5-triazine] and cyprazine (2-chloro-4-cyclopropylamino-6-isopropyl-amino-1,3.5-triazine). Rate of NCE recovery was positively correlated (P = 0.05) with growth of seedlings in nutrient solution containing the herbicides. Rates of NCE recovery 〉0.9 mg CO2 per dm2 per h/h reflected rapid rates of herbicide detoxification in the leaves and a significant tolerance to preplant incorporated and postemergence applications of atra-zine, cyanazine and cyprazine. In contrast, some species, e.g. large crabgrass [Digitaria sanguinalis (L.) Scop.] and proso millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) treated with cyanazine demonstrated considerable tolerance to these treatments in spite of low NCE recovery rates indicating that factors other than foliar detoxification may play an important role in the tolerance of some grasses to 2-chloro- 1,3,5-triazine herbicides.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3180.1977.tb00497.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    THE SELECTIVE ACTION OF PICLORAM IN RED MAPLE AND WHITE ASH (1973)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Weed research 13 (1973), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3180
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary. White ash (Fraxinus americana L.) trees, 2 years of age, treated continuously with 10 ppm picloram (4-amino-3,5,6-trichloropicolinic acid) in nutrient culture were only slightly injured after 4 weeks whereas red maple (Acer rubrum L.) trees were killed after only 2 weeks treatment.When the roots were exposed to 10 ppm 14C-picloram, the rate of root uptake, acropetal translocation in the stem, and accumulation in the leaves was much lower in the susceptible red maple than in the tolerant white ash. The foliar penetration and translocation of 14C-picloram applied to the leaves was very slight but similar in both species. Although a radiolabelled picloram metabolite was isolated from plant extracts, it was formed at equal rates in both species.It was concluded that the tolerance of white ash was not related to lower rates of picloram uptake or faster rates of picloram detoxication. It was postulated that the high susceptibility of red maple was due to a blockage of the xylem by picloram which caused death by a dessication of the leaves and upper stems. Action sélective du piclorame sur Fraxinus amerieana L. et Acer rubrum L.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3180.1973.tb01261.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    THE MOLLUSCACIDAL PROPERTIES OF THREE FLY REPELLANTS (1962)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant pathology 11 (1962), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3059
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3059.1962.tb00154.x
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