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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 79 (1996), S. 3351-3353 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We present a self-consistent calculation of the electronic structure of p-type delta-doped quantum wells in GaAs. We examine the dependence of the energy levels, Fermi level and the depth of the well with impurity concentration. We show that in this system the Fermi level is very close to the valence band; the heavy-hole subbands, as expected, contain many more states than the light-hole ones. Our results agree quite well with the experimental results available for this system. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 78 (1995), S. 4566-4569 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We propose a simple potential model which reproduces the main properties of the electronic structure of a delta-doped field-effect transistor. On the basis of selfconsistent calculations we conclude that the energies, wavefunctions and other characteristic properties obtained with the proposed model are very close to the results of full selfconsistent calculations. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 64 (1988), S. 3243-3253 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We have measured the microwave-induced melting and damage to the near-surface region of arsenic-implanted silicon for 1–2 μs pulses at a frequency of 2.856 GHz and an incident pulse power of up to 9 MW. Rectangular samples were irradiated by single-pass TE10 traveling wave pulses inside a WR-284 waveguide, and time-resolved in situ and post-irradiation studies were performed to characterize the material modifications induced by the microwave pulses. The test chamber where the specimens were irradiated was either evacuated to a pressure of 10−7–10−6 Torr or filled with a 30-psig pressure of Freon-12. Incident, transmitted, and reflected powers were monitored with directional couplers and fast diodes. The results of the time-resolved optical measurements for samples irradiated in vacuum show that melting of the near-surface region occurs for pulse powers exceeding 3 MW, and that the surface melting is accompanied by a large increase in the reflected microwave power. The onset of the enhanced reflectivity is measured at an earlier time as the microwave power is increased, and once the abrupt increase in the reflectivity is observed, it persists throughout the remainder of the pulse. Simultaneous with the onset of surface damage, we observe a large enhancement in the emission of light from the sample. Results are presented for the temporal behavior and spectral components of the fluorescence as a function of the incident microwave power. The gas pressure in the test cell was also monitored, and a large increase in the gas pressure was detected at the same pulse power as the threshold for the sudden increase in the microwave reflectivity. The large increments in the reflected microwave power, light emission, and gas pressure are attributed to the formation of a plasma due to gas breakdown at (or near) the sample surface.Examination of the irradiated specimens shows that the melting and damage are not homogeneous over the surface, and the degree of energy deposition from the microwave pulses depends on the ambient gas in the test cell. Using secondary ion mass spectrometry, we find that microwave pulses at a power of 8 MW cause melting and vaporization of the near-surface region up to depths that exceed 1 μm.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 57 (1986), S. 2475-2480 
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: It is possible to generate high-power microwave pulses with fast rise time by using resonant cavities to obtain power gain from pulse compression. In the usual case, especially when normal-conducting cavities are used, the principal output pulse from a pulse-compression device is preceded by a precursor signal that may be only 40 dB below the main pulse. For some applications this large a prepulse is unacceptable. We have developed a prototype normal-conducting, x-band, pulse-compression cavity in which the prepulse is suppressed by more than 70 dB. When this cavity is driven by a 20-kW source, output pulses with 200-kW peak power, 5-ns pulse width, and sub-nanosecond rise time can be obtained. We have also built an s-band cavity that has produced pulses of 5-ns width, 200-MW peak power, and under 3-ns rise time. The s-band cavity is typically driven at 5–10 MW and has a prepulse that can be more than 80 dB below the peak of the main pulse.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 57 (1986), S. 2481-2488 
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: One method of generating short, high-power microwave pulses is to store rf energy in a resonant cavity over a relatively long fill time and extract it rapidly. With this pulse compression technique power gain roughly equal to the ratio of fill time to extraction time can be obtained. During the filling of a resonant cavity some of the energy is lost in heating the cavity walls, and some will generally be reflected at the input coupling of the cavity. In this paper, we discuss the time dependence of the stored energy and related quantities and the way in which it depends on the coupling of the source to the cavity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Fluids 29 (1986), S. 1238-1244 
    ISSN: 1089-7666
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A set of fluid equations is derived to describe the interaction of a very strong electromagnetic pulse with a weakly ionized plasma. These equations are used to investigate the dynamic behavior of an intense electromagnetic pulse propagating through the atmosphere. Results show that the amount of energy transmitted through the medium depends very strongly on the initial energy of the pulse and such characteristics and its frequency, its shape, and its length. In addition, a pulse was propagated through an air filled waveguide to verify the acuracy of the theoretical model. The theory also predicts very accurately the pulse breakdown threshold.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 111 (1999), S. 7657-7667 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Smoluchowski's equation is widely applied to describe the time evolution of the cluster-size distribution during aggregation processes. Analytical solutions for this equation, however, are known only for a very limited number of kernels. Therefore, numerical methods have to be used for describing the time evolution of the cluster-size distribution. In this work, we present a novel self-consistent method for solving Smoluchowski's equation for any homogeneous kernel. The method considers dynamic scaling to be valid but does not need to assume a given form for the scaling distribution Φ(x). Moreover, the scaling distribution Φ(x) is obtained as a natural result of the algorithm. Due to the implementation of dynamic scaling concepts, the algorithm converges almost immediately with a minimal calculation effort. Comparing calculated size distributions with the corresponding analytical solutions shows the validity of the method. The method is then used to fit experimental data for diffusion limited aggregation. For this purpose, a fitting procedure is developed which allows us to fit the corresponding parameters for any given homogeneous kernel. As an application, a full comparison between the experimental data and the numerically obtained cluster-size distributions for the constant and the Brownian kernel was carried out. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 110 (1999), S. 5412-5420 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Coagulation rates of bare and protein-covered colloidal particles show a different dependence on experimental conditions. While the rapid coagulation rate for the bare particles obeys the modified Smoluchowski theory and is independent of pH and the nature of the cation and the anion, the value for the coated particles is lower and depends on pH and ions' nature. The variation in the Hamaker constant and the existence of a shallow primary minimum of the interparticle potential for the latex–protein complex, both attributed to the layer of water molecules and ions adsorbed on protein, may explain these results. Coagulation rates were measured with a low angle light scattering apparatus, and the experimental curves of stability fitted using Fuchs' equation and the DLVO (Derjaguin–Landau–Verwey–Overbeek) theory. In the case of covered particles, a modified expression of the van der Waals attraction was used. This attraction depends on the Hamaker constant for the protein in the vacuum, whose value was estimated from contact angle measurements. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 110 (1999), S. 6025-6031 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: This paper is concerned with the microstructure observed in colloidal dispersions of charged polymeric particles and their interaction potential at very low ionic strength. Both aspects are probed with the aid of new experimental data for nonaqueous media. The structure factor of ordered dispersions (with methanol–water and ethanol–water solvent mixtures) was determined using static light scattering. A different behavior (in the studied range of molar fraction) depending on the alcohol type is found. These results are analyzed assuming a Yukawa potential and applying integral equation theories (the Ornstein–Zernike equation and the HNC closure). The obtained effective charge is almost constant for methanol–water mixtures, whereas a decrease with the alcohol molar fraction is observed for ethanol–water. In order to account for these effects, a charge renormalization procedure is applied and discussed. The surface charge turns out to be an unsuitable input parameter for such an approach. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
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