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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2023-12-16
    Description: 〈title xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"〉Abstract〈/title〉〈p xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xml:lang="en"〉Three volcanic arcs have been the source of New Zealand's volcanic activity since the Neogene: Northland arc, Coromandel Volcanic Zone (CVZ) and Taupō Volcanic Zone (TVZ). The eruption chronology for the Quaternary, sourced by the TVZ, is well studied and established, whereas the volcanic evolution of the precursor arc systems, like the CVZ (central activity c. 18 to 2 Ma), is poorly known due to limited accessibility to, or identification of, onshore volcanic deposits and their sources. Here, we investigate the marine tephra record of the Neogene, mostly sourced by the CVZ, of cores from IODP Exp. 375 (Sites U1520 and U1526), ODP Leg 181 (Sites 1123, 1124 and 1125), IODP Leg 329 (Site U1371) and DSDP Leg 90 (Site 594) offshore of New Zealand. In total, we identify 306 primary tephra layers in the marine sediments. Multi‐approach age models (e.g. biostratigraphy, zircon ages) are used in combination with geochemical fingerprinting (major and trace element compositions) and the stratigraphic context of each marine tephra layer to establish 168 tie‐lines between marine tephra layers from different holes and sites. Following this approach, we identify 208 explosive volcanic events in the Neogene between c. 17.5 and 2.6 Ma. This is the first comprehensive study of New Zealand's Neogene explosive volcanism established from tephrochronostratigraphic studies, which reveals continuous volcanic activity between c. 12 and 2.6 Ma with an abrupt compositional change at c. 4.5 Ma, potentially associated with the transition from CVZ to TVZ.〈/p〉
    Description: Plain Language Summary: Since 18 Ma, volcanic activity in New Zealand is dominantly sourced by the Coromandel Volcanic Zone (CVZ). Most caldera systems of the CVZ identified so far are located on Coromandel Peninsula in the NW of North Island, New Zealand, but studies of the CVZ are rare mainly due to the limited accessibility of its volcanic deposits, as well as missing stratigraphic continuity between different outcrops and the volcanic source. Here, our ocean drilling tephra record—mainly volcanic ash from explosive eruptions, distributed and falling out over the ocean—has a great potential to reveal the eruption history of the CVZ because it is preserved in marine sediments in a nearly undisturbed stratigraphic context. We analyzed ∼400 marine tephra layers from multiple ocean sediment cores off the coast of New Zealand for their geochemical glass compositions and identified 306 as largely undisturbed ash deposits. These primary ash deposits correspond to a total number of 208 Neogene volcanic events. Different dating methods result in a continuous marine tephra record for the last 12 Ma, equivalent to a unique and most complete eruptive history for the CVZ. This enables us to further unravel changes in the composition of the associated magmas with time.〈/p〉
    Description: Key Points: 〈list list-type="bullet"〉 〈list-item〉 〈p xml:lang="en"〉New Zealand's Neogene explosive volcanism based on the marine tephra record〈/p〉〈/list-item〉 〈list-item〉 〈p xml:lang="en"〉Geochemical fingerprinting of marine tephra layers across the study area to establish volcanic events〈/p〉〈/list-item〉 〈list-item〉 〈p xml:lang="en"〉Insights into geochemical variations with time, repose times and spatiotemporal distribution〈/p〉〈/list-item〉 〈/list〉 〈/p〉
    Description: DFG
    Description: Marsden project
    Description: https://doi.org/10.14379/iodp.proc.372B375.210.2023
    Keywords: ddc:551 ; marine tephrochronostratigraphy ; geochemical fingerprinting ; correlations of marine tephras between individual drill sites ; IODP ; ODP and DSDP drill sites ; neogene eruption record of New Zealand
    Language: English
    Type: doc-type:article
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Inorganic chemistry 13 (1974), S. 163-169 
    ISSN: 1520-510X
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Langmuir 8 (1992), S. 514-517 
    ISSN: 1520-5827
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Langmuir 3 (1987), S. 1128-1131 
    ISSN: 1520-5827
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Langmuir 3 (1987), S. 1131-1135 
    ISSN: 1520-5827
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract During commercial handling of Nephropsnorvegicus (L.) there are a number of situations when the prawns may be exposed to very high ambient ammonia levels. These experiments evaluated the effects of increased levels of ambient total ammonia (TA = NH3 + NH4 +) on␣blood ammonia, ammonia efflux rates and on the cardio-ventilatory performance of N. norvegicus. When prawns were taken from 〈1 to 2000 μmol TA l−1 medium, blood TA concentrations increased rapidly for the first 2 h but tended to drop thereafter. Original blood TA levels were restored 6 h after the prawns were transferred back from seawater containing 2000 to 〈1 μmol TA l−1. Sudden exposure to 500, 1000, 2000 or 4000 μmol TA l−1 medium induced blood TA concentrations to increase respectively to 50, 30, 33 and 36% of external concentrations (normally, internal TA values are much higher than external levels). Immediately after transfer back to seawater with low ammonia concentration ( 〈1 μmol TA l−1), excretion rates were higher than those of control prawns, and the absolute amounts of TA excreted were considerably higher than those calculated to have accumulated in the haemolymph. Heart rate (HR) and scaphognathite rate (SR) were not altered when prawns were subjected to sudden alterations in ambient ammonia ( 〈1 to 2000 to 〈1 μmol TA l−1). When water ammonia concentrations were altered more gradually, both rates increased, but only at 4000 μmol TA l−1. These results show that N. norvegicus is able to remove ammonia from the haemolymph and/or transform ammonia into some other substance when subjected to increased levels of ambient ammonia. Possible mechanisms involved (e.g. active transport across the gills; storage in some other tissue; glutamate synthe sis) are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Marine biology 127 (1997), S. 403-410 
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Nephropsnorvegicus (L.) were subjected to 8 h of emersion, either between layers of seawater-soaked hessian with periodical (20 min) flushes of seawater (high humidity, HH) or to unprotected emersion (low humidity, LH). Blood ammonia levels rose during emersion in both groups but reached higher levels under LH conditions. Ammonia efflux rates after re-immersion were higher than those of control prawns, and amounts of ammonia excreted at such times were considerably higher than those calculated to have accumulated in the blood during emersion. Possible explanations for such differences are discussed. C aO2 and C vO2 decreased rapidly to ca. 10% normoxia values within 2 h of HH and LH emersion and remained low throughout the remaining emersion time. Emersion-induced tissue hypoxia increased blood concentrations of glucose and lactate. Lactate accumulation was higher during LH emersion, compared with HH emersion. Blood pH dropped ca. 0.40 units but increased again after 2 h of re-immersion. Acidosis was probably related more to respiratory difficulties (CO2 accumulation) than to lactate accumulation, as blood lactate values remained high after 2 h of re-immersion. The ability of N. norvegicus to cope with emersion appears to be little influenced by high humidity conditions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Applied physics 22 (1980), S. 137-143 
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 61.70.Tm ; 61.80.Jh ; 61.70.Ph
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract A method is presented for avoiding the dislocation generation in (100) silicon implanted with phosphorus doses up to 5×1015 ions/cm2 at 50 keV. The residual defects after the damage anneal are considerably reduced if the phosphorus implant is combined with a low dose, e.g. 1×1014 ions/cm2, antimony implant which produces a deeper surface layer of amorphous silicon. It is essential that the phosphorus ions are implanted shallower than the antimony ions, and come to rest within the amorphous layer. Subsequent thermal annealing proceeds by a solid phase epitaxial regrowth mechanism.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    International Journal of Radiation Applications & Instrumentation. Part D, 19 (1991), S. 885-890 
    ISSN: 1359-0189
    Keywords: High-energy implantation ; hardness ; strain ; surface roughness ; titanium
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Journal of Chromatography B: Biomedical Sciences and Applications 428 (1988), S. 17-24 
    ISSN: 0378-4347
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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