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  • Bayesian inference  (1)
  • Sustained release  (1)
  • Springer  (2)
  • American Institute of Physics (AIP)
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  • Springer  (2)
  • American Institute of Physics (AIP)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sustained release of salmon calcitonin in vivo from lactide: Glycolide copolymer depots (1993)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 52 (1993), S. 361-364 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Calcitonin ; Sustained release ; Copolymer depot ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Summary Studies were carried out to determine whether monolithic depot formulations, prepared using lactide:glycolide copolymers, could be used to administer salmon calcitonin (sCT) to rats in vivo. Formulations containing 2, 5, or 10% (w/w) sCT were administered subcutaneously to female Wistar strain rats. Release of sCT was determined by measurement of peptide in plasma using a specific radioimmunoassay and by measurement of residual sCT in the depots after recovery at postmortem. Plasma calcium concentrations and cumulative weight gain of the animals were used to measure pharmacological effects of the released sCT. Release of sCT from the depots was controlled by the copolymer and was sustained for periods up to 10 days. However, the release of sCT from the depots did not significantly alter plasma calcium concentrations, and effects on cumulative weight gain were small and transient. Peptide loading of the formulations was shown to modify sCT release. Maximal release of sCT from depots containing 10% peptide occurred over a 7 to 14-day period postadministration, with 5% sCT release occurred between days 11 and 14, and with 2% sCT, the period of maximal release was between days 11 and 18. Release of peptide from the depots was essentially complete by 21 days postadministration irrespective of the peptide loading. These data suggest that lactide:glycolide copolymer depots may have application for the convenient clinical administration of sCT in metabolic bone diseases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00310200
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bayesian inference given data ‘significant atα’: Tests of point hypotheses (1995)
    Springer
    Theory and decision 38 (1995), S. 51-60 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7187
    Keywords: Bayesian inference ; significance tests ; P-values ; evidence
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: Abstract In empirical research in the social sciences expressions of statistical significance are meant to capture and summarise the evidence implied by data. To evaluate the evidential content of statements such as ‘the difference between means is significant at α=5%’, we consider the Bayesian probability of the hypotheses tested, where the conditioning event is an announcement of general formsignificant at α. By proceeding as if neither observed effects nor their exactP-values are reported, the meaning of such descriptionsof themselves is revealed. It is demonstrated, for large samples particularly, that a report merely that data aresignificant at α has no objective meaning, and under some conditions should be interpreted not as evidence against the null hypothesis, as is usually supposed, but as strong evidence in its favor. This conclusion is supported by both algebraic arguments and example calculations for the special, but important case of the normal mean. It is also found that significance at one level tends to imply significance at much lower levels, the more strongly the larger the sample.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01083168
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